Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
March 2025
The increasing use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) among adolescents poses significant public health risks. This study investigates the impact of e-cigs on the airway epithelial barrier, focusing on apical junctional complexes (AJCs), including tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs). We hypothesized that e-cigs disrupt AJCs in a mouse model, leading to increased airway barrier permeability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo people living with Alzheimer's Disease-Related Disorders (ADRD), timely and coordinated communication is essential between their informal caregivers and healthcare providers. In provider shortage areas, for example, the state of Nevada, telehealth can be an effective primary care delivery alternative to in-person visits. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of telehealth visits for people living with ADRD in the state of Nevada, a decision-analytic Markov model was developed from healthcare system perspectives with a 10-year horizon/1-year cycle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent progress in deep learning has significantly impacted materials science, leading to accelerated material discovery and innovation. ElemNet, a deep neural network model that predicts formation energy from elemental compositions, exemplifies the application of deep learning techniques in this field. However, the "black-box" nature of deep learning models often raises concerns about their interpretability and reliability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The main mode of transmission of Hepatitis C in North America is through injection drug use. Availability of accessible care for people who inject drugs is crucial for achieving hepatitis C elimination.
Objective: The objective of this analysis is to compare the changes in injection drug use frequency and high-risk injection behaviors in participants who were randomized to accessible hepatitis c care versus usual hepatitis c care.
The production of nanoparticles has recently surged due to their varied applications in the biomedical, pharmaceutical, textile, and electronic sectors. However, this rapid increase in nanoparticle manufacturing has raised concerns about environmental pollution, particularly its potential adverse effects on human health. Among the various concerns, inhalation exposure to nanoparticles poses significant risks, especially affecting the respiratory system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial learning theory has been widely implemented to understand cyber deviance. Nevertheless, the antecedent scholarship homogenously nested in the perspective of offending specification, leaving the offending versatility thesis unattained. The lack of such studies may undermine the capability of comprehensively understanding the social learning patterns of online offending.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy (RPON), previously known as ophthalmoplegic migraine, is a disorder typically characterized by recurrent episodes of unilateral headache concurrent with ipsilateral ocular cranial nerve paresis which primarily affects children. Diagnosis is mostly one of exclusion, based on clinical symptoms, supplemented by imaging for enhanced or distorted oculomotor nerves. We present a case of RPON in a 24-year-old adult female with unique features of unilateral left headache with ipsilateral pupillary dilation spreading to bilateral dilation and no MRI findings of oculomotor nerve enhancement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe explored blockchain's applications in nursing informatics, highlighting its potential to improve patient care and data management. We compared and analyzed eight studies focusing on blockchain in Electronic Health Records (EHR) management, nursing optimization, and research facilitation. Although most of these studies are in the proposal stage, blockchain's technical features show promise in enhancing nursing practices and supporting nursing informatics researchers with the integration of technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare but lethal pleural cancer with high intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). A recent study in lung adenocarcinoma has developed a clonal gene signature (ORACLE) from multiregional transcriptomic data and demonstrated high prognostic values and reproducibility. However, such a strategy has not been tested in other types of cancer with high ITH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlay has well-established physical and mental benefits for people of all ages. Urban spaces, such as parks, provide important public arenas in which to play. But to what extent do planners or planning scholarship focus on facilitating play? Our systematic literature review of 3,800 articles in nineteen academic planning journals returned 126 articles related to play.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTitanium dioxide fine particles (TiO-FPs) and nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) are the most widely used whitening pigments worldwide. Inhalation of TiO-FPs and TiO-NPs can be harmful as it triggers toxicity in the airway epithelial cells. The airway epithelium serves as the respiratory system's first line of defense in which airway epithelial cells are significant targets of inhaled pathogens and environmental particles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To review the decision aids currently available or being developed to predict a patient's odds that their external cephalic version (ECV) will be successful.
Study Design: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov from 2015 to 2022.
Objectives: To describe children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia complicated by effusion (cCAP).
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: A Canadian children's hospital.
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cell (EC) function depends on flow conditions and on supportive cells, like pericytes and astrocytes, which have been shown to be both beneficial and detrimental for brain EC function. Most studies investigating BBB EC function lack physiological relevance, using sub-physiological shear stress magnitudes and/or omitting pericytes and astrocytes. In this study, we developed a millifluidic device compatible with standard transwell inserts to investigate BBB function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe transfer of power stemming from the 2020 presidential election occurred during an unprecedented period in United States history. Uncertainty from the COVID-19 pandemic, ongoing societal tensions, and a fragile economy increased societal polarization, exacerbated by the outgoing president's offline rhetoric. As a result, online groups such as QAnon engaged in extra political participation beyond the traditional platforms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: In the UK, over 20% of patients leaving hospital after a stroke will be severely disabled. Despite this, limited clinical guidance is available to teams tasked with providing support for this complex population at home. Additionally, many areas across the UK are not commissioned to treat this patient cohort, leaving them with no specialist support on discharge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer metastasis and secondary tumor initiation largely depend on circulating tumor cell (CTC) and vascular endothelial cell (EC) interactions by incompletely understood mechanisms. Endothelial glycocalyx (GCX) dysfunction may play a significant role in this process. GCX structure depends on vascular flow patterns, which are irregular in tumor environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudent-led peer-assisted mock objective structured clinical examinations (MOSCEs) have been used in different settings to help students prepare for subsequent higher-stakes, faculty-run OSCEs. MOSCE participants generally valued feedback from peers and report benefits to learning. Our study investigated whether participation in a peer-assisted MOSCE affects subsequent OSCE performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Physicians and medical students are generally poor-self assessors. Research suggests that this inaccuracy in self-assessment differs by gender among medical students whereby females underestimate their performance compared to their male counterparts. However, whether this gender difference in self-assessment is observable in low-stakes scenarios remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) has gained widespread use as a form of performance assessment. However, opportunities for students to participate in practice OSCEs are limited by the financial, faculty and administrative investments required.
Objectives: To determine the feasibility and acceptability of a student-run mock OSCE (MOSCE) as a learning experience for medical students of all 4 years.