Advancing neurosurgery through translational research.

Every year, the number of published research articles increases significantly. However, many potentially useful ideas are lost in this flood of data. Translational research provides a framework through which investigators or laboratories can maximize the likelihood that the product of their research will be adopted in medical practice.

Teaching social skills to adults with intellectual disabilities: a comparison of external control and problem-solving interventions.

We compared the effectiveness of a problem-solving and an external control intervention to teach social skills to five adults with mild intellectual disabilities. The social skills of "responding to corrective feedback" and "managing conflict" were targeted for intervention. Each participant received the problem-solving intervention with one social skill and the external control intervention with the other social skill.

Functional analysis and intervention to reduce self-injurious and agitated behavior when removing protective equipment for brief time periods.

The authors conducted studies that were designed to maintain low levels of hand-to-head self-injury when protective equipment was removed (i.e., rigid arm sleeves and a protective helmet) for brief time periods with an individual with profound intellectual disabilities.