Inverse association between CSF Aβ 42 levels and years of education in mild form of Alzheimer's disease: the cognitive reserve theory.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the cognitive reserve theory predicts that at any level of assessed clinical severity, the underlying brain pathology is more advanced in patients with more cognitive reserve. Recent evidences suggest that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers may reflect the brain pathology in AD. We investigated the relationship between education level and CSF concentrations of β-amyloid, total tau and phosphorylated tau (ptau-181) in a cohort of 70 subjects newly diagnosed with AD.

Categorical perception of faces and facial expressions: the age factor.

Effects of normal aging on categorical perception (CP) of facial identities and facial emotional expressions were investigated. The stimuli were morphs of three identities and of three expressions. In Experiment 1, 38 healthy participants (22 to 79 years old; three age groups) had to identify morphed identities (three continua) and expressions (three continua) varying with respect to their distance from the original photographs.

Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis: identification by 16S rRNA and sodA sequence analysis.

Lactococcus garvieae is only rarely isolated from clinical specimens. We report a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by L. garvieae in an elderly patient.