Publications by authors named "Claire Goh"
Article Synopsis
- A study examined how physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep—collectively known as 24-h movement behaviors—affect cognitive development in children, specifically focusing on executive function and academic performance.
- The research involved 432 children in Singapore aged 5.5 to 9 years, using wrist-worn accelerometers to accurately measure their movement behaviors and various cognitive assessments to gauge outcomes.
- Findings revealed that while overall 24-h movement behaviors didn't link to cognitive performance, reallocating time from moderate-to-vigorous physical activity to sleep improved academic achievement scores.
Background: Left atrial (LA) fibrosis is a marker of atrial cardiomyopathy and has been reported to be associated with both atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Elucidating this relationship is clinically important as LA fibrosis could serve as a surrogate biomarker of LA cardiomyopathy. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of LA fibrosis and embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale, Design, and Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Health@NUS mHealth Augmented Cohort Study Examining Student-to-Work Life Transition: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study.
JMIR Res Protoc
July 2024
Article Synopsis
- Integration of mobile health data collection in cohort studies allows for more detailed tracking of health and lifestyle behaviors over time, particularly during the transition from university to the workforce, which can impact young adults' mental well-being.
- The Health@NUS study aims to investigate the health behaviors and well-being trajectories of young adults during this transition by using mobile health technology to gather data over two years.
- A total of 776 participants were enrolled, primarily female, Chinese, and undergraduate students, with regular assessments and data collection through devices like Fitbit and smartphone apps.
Article Synopsis
- This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates how intraocular pressure (IOP) measured through the water drinking test (WDT) relates to daily IOP monitoring in glaucoma patients, highlighting its potential as a predictive tool for visual field loss.
- After analyzing 38 studies with over 2,400 patients, the results indicated a strong correlation between peak IOP measurements from WDT and diurnal monitoring, although IOP fluctuations showed only a weak correlation.
- The findings suggest that WDT can reliably measure peak IOP and may indicate future visual field deterioration, with good reproducibility across different testing days.
Background: Parental practices and neighbourhood environmental factors may influence children's movement behaviours. We aimed to investigate the cross-sectional and prospective associations of parental practices and neighbourhood environmental factors with accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviours (24 h-MBs) among school-aged children in Singapore.
Methods: The Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study collected information on dimensions of parental practices and neighbourhood environment at age 5.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare the 90-day outcomes of patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), extracranial carotid atherosclerotic disease (ECAD), and those with both conditions.
- Over a period from 2017 to 2021, 371 patients were evaluated, with most having ICAD only, followed by ECAD only, and a smaller group having both conditions.
- Results showed that patients with both ICAD and ECAD had significantly worse outcomes, including a higher risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction, highlighting the need for more research and better treatment strategies for this high-risk group.
Article Synopsis
- Ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) are short surveys used to gather real-time data on participants' experiences, but their effectiveness can be limited by participant burden, which needs to be minimized for better response rates.* -
- The study analyzed the effects of different design features, including the method of communication (SMS vs. email) and varying reward structures, on EMA response rates in a cohort of university students over three survey bursts from April to October 2021.* -
- Results indicated that while changes to the reward structure did not improve response rates, extending the survey schedule from 7 days to 14 days significantly increased response rates, with overall higher rates observed in the second and third bursts of EMAs.*
Article Synopsis
- The study compared the effectiveness of insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) versus traditional methods in detecting atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients who have suffered from ischemic stroke.
- It involved a systematic analysis of three randomized controlled trials with a total of 1,233 patients, using various methods to evaluate AF detection rates and clinical outcomes.
- Results showed that ICMs significantly improved AF detection and increased the initiation of anticoagulation therapy, but did not affect the rates of recurrent stroke or mortality.
Article Synopsis
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to assess brain activity in adults with ADHD, including both medication-naïve and medicated individuals, compared to healthy controls.
- The study involved 75 healthy controls, 75 medication-naïve patients, and 45 medicated patients, measuring changes in blood oxygen levels in the prefrontal cortex during a verbal fluency task.
- Results showed that patients had a significantly lower brain response than healthy individuals, but there was no difference between medication-naïve and medicated patients; fNIRS could potentially help diagnose adult ADHD, but larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the effectiveness and safety of using stent retrievers (SR) versus aspiration catheters (AC) in treating acute ischaemic stroke caused by distal medium vessel occlusion (AIS-DMVO).
- A systematic review of 13 studies involving 1881 patients found that the combination of SR and primary combined techniques resulted in higher rates of functional independence and lower mortality compared to AC alone.
- While both methods had similar outcomes for successful recanalisation and safety concerns, SR alone showed a significantly higher odds of successful recanalisation compared to AC, indicating possible advantages for SR/PC techniques.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior change from before conception through pregnancy and after childbirth in women planning for pregnancy.
- Results showed that walking time increased during late pregnancy but dropped postpartum, while moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) decreased during pregnancy but partially recovered after delivery.
- Factors like ethnicity, body mass index, employment status, number of children, and self-rated health were found to influence these changes in activity patterns.
Article Synopsis
- Three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines are recommended for cancer patients to decrease severe disease risk, especially given that ongoing anti-cancer treatments can impact vaccine effectiveness.
- Researchers evaluated 273 cancer patients (both solid and blood cancers) between July 2021 and March 2022, measuring immune responses after each vaccine dose.
- The study found that while seroconversion rates improved with each dose (35.2% after 1 dose, 79.4% after 2 doses, and 92.4% after 3 doses), patients on active treatment for blood cancers had significantly lower antibody levels compared to those on immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
Article Synopsis
- EVT (Endovascular therapy) for distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) is being studied as a potential treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) but its effectiveness compared to best medical therapy (BMT) is still unclear.
- A systematic review analyzed 16 studies with over 2400 patients, finding that EVT offered significantly better chances of functional independence after 90 days, although there were no major differences in overall excellent outcomes or mortality rates between the two treatments.
- While EVT appears effective, especially in certain groups, the study notes a higher risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in mild strokes treated with EVT, highlighting the need for more randomized controlled trials to better understand the risks and benefits.
Article Synopsis
- * A systematic review of literature included 8 observational studies with 1125 migraine patients; findings showed that those with RLS had a higher prevalence of WMHs (58.7%) compared to those without RLS (46.6%).
- * Results suggest a significant association between RLS and WMHs in migraine patients, highlighting the need for further longitudinal studies to clarify RLS as a potential risk factor for WMHs.
Background: Head-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation (HU-CPR) is an experimental treatment for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), where cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is performed in a ramped position. We evaluated whether HU-CPR improved survival and surrogate outcomes as compared to standard CPR (S-CPR).
Methods: Studies reporting on HU-CPR in SCA were searched for in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from inception to May 1st 2021.
Background: Existing modes of collecting self-reported 24-hour movement information from children, including digital assessments, have not been demonstrated to be of acceptable validity when compared to objective measurements. My E-Diary for Activities and Lifestyle (MEDAL) is an interactive web-based diary developed to collect time-use information from children aged 10 years and older.
Objective: This study evaluated the validity of MEDAL for assessing children's movement behaviors by comparing self-reported and accelerometer-measured time spent in movement behavior among children in Singapore aged 10-11 years.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of colchicine as an anti-inflammatory treatment for preventing strokes in patients with coronary artery disease.
- A systematic review of five randomized controlled trials involving 11,790 patients found that colchicine is linked to a significant reduction in stroke risk, with most participants taking a daily dose of 0.5 mg.
- The findings indicate that colchicine reduces stroke incidence without significantly increasing gastrointestinal issues or muscle pain, suggesting it is a safe option for these patients.
Background: Time spent in movement behaviours, including physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep, across the 24-h day may have distinct health consequences. We aimed to describe 24-h movement behaviour (24 h-MB) profiles in children and how profile membership changed from age 5.5 to 8 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal height, gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy complications.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract
August 2021
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how height may impact the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM) during oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT), focusing on potential misconceptions surrounding shorter women.
- Shorter women showed lower blood sugar levels and fewer GDM-related complications compared to taller women, suggesting that height may influence GDM diagnoses.
- The findings imply that the diagnosis of GDM in shorter women might be misleading due to glucose overload, highlighting a need for more nuanced screening methods based on maternal height.
Background And Purpose: In patients with acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion, the role of intra-arterial adjunctive medications (IAMs), such as urokinase, tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator), or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, during mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has not been clearly established. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of concomitant or rescue IAM for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion patients undergoing MT.
Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Stroke Group Trials Register databases from inception until March 13, 2020.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Patients with COVID-19 Infection: a Case Series and Systematic Review.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
December 2020
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the connection between COVID-19 and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), a rare but serious condition seen in some COVID-19 patients, focusing on understanding its pathophysiology.
- It presents two cases from Singapore and reviews existing literature, highlighting that most COVID-19 patients with CVT were relatively young and had no significant health issues prior.
- Findings show a high mortality rate of 45.5% among these patients, emphasizing the need for physicians to be vigilant and initiate anticoagulation treatment early to improve outcomes.
COVID-19 and ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-summary of the literature.
J Thromb Thrombolysis
October 2020
Article Synopsis
- Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a serious complication linked to COVID-19, with an observed incidence of 1.2% among infected patients in reviewed studies.
- Research indicates that patients with AIS typically have higher levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen, and many also test positive for antiphospholipid antibodies.
- Most neuroimaging findings show large vessel issues, and the mortality rate for patients experiencing AIS during COVID-19 is notably high at 38%.
Article Synopsis
- The study assessed if 5.5-year-old children in Singapore adhere to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines related to screen time, physical activity, and sleep, finding low compliance rates.
- Data was collected from 864 children using accelerometers and parental questionnaires, revealing that many children exceeded screen time and did not achieve recommended levels of physical activity or sleep.
- Maternal factors like activity levels and TV watching habits were significant predictors of whether children met the integrated guidelines, indicating a potential influence of parental behavior on children's health habits.