Outcome following emergency laparotomy in 33 UK donkeys: A retrospective multicentre study.

Background: Emergency laparotomies in donkeys are infrequently performed and there is limited literature on the subject.

Objectives: To determine findings and associated outcomes of exploratory laparotomies in donkeys.

Study Design: Descriptive retrospective study.

A cross sectional study of psychotropic medicine use in Australia in 2018: A focus on polypharmacy.

Aims: To examine prescribed psychotropic medicine use on a given day in Australia (25 September 2018; World Pharmacists Day), with a focus on psychotropic polypharmacy.

Methods: We used a 10% sample of individual-level nationwide dispensing claims to examine psychotropic medicine use on a given day. We estimated the prevalence of psychotropic medicine use in all ages stratified by age and sex.

A national study on prescribed medicine use in Australia on a typical day.

Purpose: To describe Australians' prescribed medicine use on a typical day (September 25, 2018).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using nationally representative dispensing claims data using the Australian Government Department of Human Services random 10% sample of all Australians eligible for prescription medicines subsidised through the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). Our main outcome measures were the number and proportion of people using at least one prescribed medicine and the specific medicine groups and classes on the day.

Career outcome of Thoroughbred racehorses with metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal joint dorsal chip fracture managed nonsurgically and surgically: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Arthroscopy has been advocated as the treatment of choice for dorsal osteochondral chip fracture of the metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal (MCP/MTP) joint. However, there is no published research on racing performance outcomes of horses with this pathology managed nonsurgically.

Objectives: To compare racing career outcomes of Thoroughbred racehorses with nonsurgically (non-SX) or surgically (SX) managed MCP/MTP dorsal osteochondral chip fracture alongside a cohort of horses with no dorsal osteochondral chip fracture (unexposed).

Paracetamol poisoning-related hospital admissions and deaths in Australia, 2004-2017.

Objectives: To assess the numbers of paracetamol overdose-related hospital admissions and deaths in Australia since 2007-08, and the overdose size of intentional paracetamol overdoses since 2004.

Design, Setting: Retrospective analysis of data on paracetamol-related exposures, hospital admissions, and deaths from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare National Hospital Morbidity Database (NHMD; 2007-08 to 2016-17), the New South Wales Poisons Information Centre (NSWPIC; 2004-2017), and the National Coronial Information System (NCIS; 2007-08 to 2016-17).

Participants: People who took overdoses of paracetamol in single ingredient preparations.

The relative lethal toxicity of pharmaceutical and illicit substances: A 16-year study of the Greater Newcastle Hunter Area, Australia.

Aims: We aim to calculate 2 metrics of relative lethal toxicity; the fatal toxicity index (FTI; number of deaths per year of a daily dose) and the case fatality (CF; number of deaths per overdose) with a focus on opioids, antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and illicit drugs.

Methods: This descriptive cohort study used the Australian National Coronial Information System (NCIS) to identify a population of individuals with drug-associated deaths in the Greater Newcastle Hunter Area between January 2002 and December 2016. This was combined with Australian medicine dispensing data and corresponding data from the Hunter Area Toxicology Service to calculate FTI and CF.

Airborne particulate size and concentrations in five Thoroughbred training yards in Newmarket (UK).

Despite their implication in the pathogenesis of lower airway inflammation, limited baseline data exists for airborne particulates in Thoroughbred racehorse stalls in the United Kingdom. This study documents airborne particulate size and concentrations in Newmarket training yards using a nephelometer (DustTrak DRX 8534, TSI). Each stall was sampled on a summer and winter day at three time points (morning, midday and evening).

Human exposures to veterinary pharmaceutical products reported to Australia's largest poison information centre.

To describe the epidemiology of veterinary pharmaceutical-related exposures based on telephone calls to Australia's largest poisons information centre. A retrospective analysis of exposures to pharmaceutical products intended for animal use, managed by the New South Wales Poison Information Centre (NSWPIC, Australia's largest poisons information centre) from 2014 to 2016 inclusive, was conducted. Case narratives were reviewed and coded for exposure-related circumstances and intended species.

Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Gabapentin and Pregabalin for Pain in Children and Adolescents.

The barriers to opioid use in some countries necessitate the need to identify suitable alternatives or adjuncts for pain relief. The gabapentinoids (gabapentin and pregabalin) are approved for the management of persistent pain in adults, but not in children. Searches were conducted in Embase, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science up until November 2017, for randomized controlled trials that investigated the analgesic effects of gabapentin or pregabalin in children and adolescents <18 years of age.

Mineralization of the Equine Palmar/Plantar Annular Ligament Treated by Surgical Resection.

Objective: To document the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of mineralization of the equine palmar/plantar annular ligament (PAL).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: Ponies (n=7).

Alleviation of Epiphora by Canaliculosinostomy into the Caudal Maxillary Sinus in the Horse.

Objective: To describe a technique of canaliculosinostomy into the caudal maxillary sinus to alleviate epiphora secondary to nasolacrimal duct obstruction and to report the long-term outcome in 5 horses.

Study Design: Case series.

Animals: Five client-owned horses.

Risk factors for equine laminitis: a case-control study conducted in veterinary-registered horses and ponies in Great Britain between 2009 and 2011.

Laminitis is a highly debilitating disease of the foot known to have a complex and multifactorial aetiology of metabolic, inflammatory, traumatic or vascular origin. The disease has major welfare implications due to unrelenting pain associated with degenerative changes, which often necessitate euthanasia on welfare grounds. Despite this, there have been few high-quality studies investigating risk factors for equine laminitis, and only a limited number of risk factors have been previously investigated.

Clinical experience with a lipid-free, ready-made parenteral nutrition solution in dogs: 70 cases (2006-2012).

Objective: To review the clinical use of a lipid-free, ready-made amino acid and glucose parenteral nutrition (PN) solution in dogs.

Design: Retrospective study of dogs from 2006 to 2012 that received this form of PN.

Setting: University veterinary teaching hospital.

Risk factors for equine laminitis: a systematic review with quality appraisal of published evidence.

Epidemiological studies into the risk factors for naturally-occurring equine laminitis are limited. There are a small number of such studies, although the results are inconsistent and remain disputed. The reasons for the conflicting results remain unclear.

Frequency of equine laminitis: a systematic review with quality appraisal of published evidence.

Equine laminitis is a highly debilitating disease of the foot. Despite its perceived importance, epidemiological characteristics are poorly understood and the true frequency of the disease remains unclear. The objective of this study was to retrospectively assess previous research to identify publications which provide the best evidence of the frequency of naturally-occurring equine laminitis.

Laminitic pain: parallels with pain states in humans and other species.

Laminitis poses a threat to all horses, and is widely considered as being one of the most important diseases of horses and a global equine welfare problem. The effects of laminitis lead to debilitation, development of pronounced digital pain, and great suffering in the afflicted animal. The precise pathophysiological processes that result in laminitic pain are poorly defined, and hence the delivery of effective palliative care is clinically challenging.

Equine grass sickness: epidemiology, diagnosis, and global distribution.

Equine grass sickness (EGS) is recognized as a debilitating and predominantly fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting grazing equids. The gastrointestinal tract is the most severely affected body system, resulting in the main clinical signs of colic (acute grass sickness), weight loss, or dysphagia (chronic grass sickness). EGS predominantly occurs within Great Britain, although it is also recognized in regions of mainland Europe, and mainly affects young horses with access to pasture in the springtime.