Waldenstrom's disease and cardiopulmonary bypass: a case report.

Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia (WM) is a rare haematological lymphoma that causes numerous haemostatic complications due to the elevated levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) circulating in the blood. These complications, such as hyperviscosity syndrome, may be exacerbated by the physiological effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In this case study, a 45-year-old male suffering from WM underwent an emergency aortic valve replacement, closure of an atrio-ventricular fistula and mitral valve repair.