The potential role of T2*-weighted multi-echo data image combination as an imaging marker for intraplaque hemorrhage in carotid plaque imaging.

Background: Carotid atherosclerotic plaques with intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) are associated with elevated stroke risk. IPH is predominantly imaged based on paramagnetic properties of the upstream hemoglobin degradation product methemoglobin. This is an explorative observational study to test the feasibility of a spoiled gradient echo based T2* weighted MRI sequence (3D MEDIC) for carotid plaque imaging, and to compare signs suggestive of the downstream degradation product hemosiderin on 3D MEDIC with signs of methemoglobin on a T1wBB sequence.

Inter-modality assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy in a non-demented population: application of a visual rating scale template across radiologists with varying clinical experience.

Objectives: To assess inter-modality agreement and accuracy for medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) ratings across radiologists with varying clinical experience in a non-demented population.

Methods: Four raters (two junior radiologists and two senior neuroradiologists) rated MTA on CT and MRI scans using Scheltens' MTA scale. Ratings were compared to a consensus rating by two experienced neuroradiologists for estimation of true positive and negative rates (TPR and TNR) and over- and underestimation of MTA.

Mutations in a Neurovascular Disease Causing Stroke, Cognitive Impairment, and Tremor.

Objective: To describe a possible novel genetic mechanism for cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) and stroke.

Methods: We studied a Swedish kindred with ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, tremor, dysautonomia, and mild cognitive decline. Members were examined clinically, radiologically, and by histopathology.

Reporting frequency of radiology findings increases after introducing visual rating scales in the primary care diagnostic work up of subjective and mild cognitive impairment.

Objectives: Study the effect of introducing a template for radiological reporting of non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) in the primary care diagnostic work up of cognitive impairment using visual rating scales (VRS).

Methods: Radiology reports were assessed regarding compliance with a contextual report template and the reporting of the parameters medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), white matter changes (WMC), global cortical atrophy (GCA), and width of lateral ventricles (WLV) using established VRS in two age-matched groups examined with NECT before (n = 111) and after (n = 125) the introduction of contextual reporting at our department. True positive rate (TPR) and true negative rate (TNR) before and after were compared.

Medial temporal atrophy in preclinical dementia: Visual and automated assessment during six year follow-up.

Medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy is an important morphological marker of many dementias and is closely related to cognitive decline. In this study we aimed to characterize longitudinal progression of MTL atrophy in 93 individuals with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment followed up over six years, and to assess if clinical rating scales are able to detect these changes. All MRI images were visually rated according to Scheltens' scale of medial temporal atrophy (MTA) by two neuroradiologists and AVRA, a software for automated MTA ratings.

Structural imaging findings on non-enhanced computed tomography are severely underreported in the primary care diagnostic work-up of subjective cognitive decline.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate how structural imaging findings of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), global cortical atrophy (GCA), white matter changes (WMC), and Evans' index/width of lateral ventricles (EI/WLV) are reported in the primary care diagnostic work-up of patients with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment.

Methods: We included 197 patients referred to a non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) as part of the diagnostic work-up. We compared the frequencies of reported findings in radiology reports written by neuroradiologists and general radiologists with actual pathological findings in a second view done by a single neuroradiologist using the MTA, PCA, GCA, WMC, and EI/WLV visual rating scales.