Clinicopathologic evidence of myocardial injury in horses with acute abdominal disease.

Objective: To determine whether there is evidence of myocardial injury in horses with acute abdominal disease.

Design: Prospective case series.

Animals: 18 healthy horses and 69 horses with acute abdominal disease.

Prognostic impact of subclassification of radical prostatectomy positive margins by linear extent and Gleason grade.

Purpose: We evaluated the relationship of progression to positive surgical margin linear length and Gleason grade at a positive surgical margin.

Materials And Methods: We studied 2,150 prostatectomies done for pT2 or pT3a disease to determine grade, stage and surgical margin status. In patients with positive surgical margins we recorded the location, number, positive margin linear length and highest Gleason grade at a positive margin.

Accelerated vaccination schedule provides protective levels of antibody and complete herd immunity to equine influenza.

Reasons For Performing Study: During the 2007 Australian equine influenza (EI) outbreak, an accelerated primary course 14 day intervaccination schedule was proposed, but not widely implemented. Expert opinion was divided as to the efficacy of such a schedule given the lack of published data. This study determined the level and duration of humoral immunity following administration of a recombinant canarypox-vectored vaccine (ALVAC-EIV) with a primary intervaccination interval of 14 days and booster at 105 days.

Serum cardiac troponin I concentrations in horses with cardiac disease.

Objectives: To measure the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration in horses and determine whether it could be used in the diagnosis of myocardial disease, as well as determining the association between cTnI and survival.

Design: Prospective, observational study.

Procedure: Physical examination, echocardiography, telemetric electrocardiography and postmortem were used to diagnose cardiac disease.

Lymph node-positive bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy and lymphadenectomy: effect of the level of node positivity.

Background: The extent of lymphadenectomy needed to optimize oncologic outcomes after radical cystectomy (RC) for patients with regionally advanced bladder cancer (BCa) is unclear.

Objective: Evaluate the effect of the location of lymph node metastasis on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for patients undergoing RC with a mapping pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND).

Design, Setting, And Participants: A study of 591 patients undergoing RC with mapping PLND was completed between 2000 and 2010.

Evaluation of multiple risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms versus prostate-specific antigen at baseline to predict prostate cancer in unscreened men.

Background: Although case-control studies have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with prostate cancer, the clinical role of these SNPs remains unclear.

Objective: Evaluate previously identified SNPs for association with prostate cancer and accuracy in predicting prostate cancer in a large prospective population-based cohort of unscreened men.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study used a nested case-control design based on the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort with 943 men diagnosed with prostate cancer and 2829 matched controls.

Evaluating the utility of a preoperative nomogram for predicting 90-day mortality following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of the Isbarn nomogram for predicting 90-day mortality following radical cystectomy in a contemporary series.

Patients And Methods: We identified 1141 consecutive radical cystectomy patients treated at our institution between 1995 and 2005 with at least 90 days of follow-up. We applied the published nomogram to our cohort, determining its discrimination, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and calibration.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (M6B: pure acute erythroid leukaemia) in a Thoroughbred foal.

A 10-week-old Thoroughbred filly was referred for anaemia of 4 weeks' duration. Haematology revealed severe anaemia and panleucopenia. Cytological examination of bone marrow smears revealed a myeloid to erythroid ratio <0.

Salvage radical prostatectomy for radiation-recurrent prostate cancer: a multi-institutional collaboration.

Background: Oncologic outcomes in men with radiation-recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) treated with salvage radical prostatectomy (SRP) are poorly defined.

Objective: To identify predictors of biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastasis, and death following SRP to help select patients who may benefit from SRP.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a retrospective, international, multi-institutional cohort analysis.

Activin A as a novel biomarker of equine inflammatory abdominal disease: preliminary findings.

This study evaluated the inflammatory mediator activin A in horses with acute abdominal disease and compared this putative novel biomarker with serum amyloid A (SAA). Thirty-three adult horses referred for evaluation of acute abdominal disease were grouped into three lesion categories, non-strangulating, strangulating or inflammatory. Eleven healthy adult horses served as controls.

Intraoperative conversion from partial to radical nephrectomy at a single institution from 2003 to 2008.

Purpose: Little information exists on conversion from partial to radical nephrectomy. We assessed the intraoperative reasons and predictive factors for conversion in a contemporary series of patients undergoing partial nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: We identified all patients at our institution who underwent open or laparoscopic partial nephrectomy with conversion to radical nephrectomy between 2003 and 2008.

A panel of kallikrein marker predicts prostate cancer in a large, population-based cohort followed for 15 years without screening.

Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has modest specificity for prostate cancer. A panel of four kallikrein markers (total PSA, free PSA, intact PSA, and kallikrein-related peptidase 2) is a highly accurate predictor of biopsy outcome. The clinical significance of biopsy-detectable cancers in men classified as low-risk by this panel remains unclear.

Effects of hyperimmune equine plasma on clinical and cellular responses in a low-dose endotoxaemia model in horses.

Endotoxaemia is a major cause of equine morbidity, and plasma from horses immunised against Escherichia coli is used in its treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of hyperimmune plasma on the clinical and leukocyte responses, including production and activity of TNFα, in an in vivo endotoxin challenge model. Pre-treatment with hyperimmune equine plasma had no significant effect on peak total plasma TNFα concentration (occurring 90min after the administration of 30ng/kg LPS).

Prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion in radical prostatectomy specimens.

Unlabelled: Study Type - Prognosis (case series).

Level Of Evidence: 4. What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The reported incidence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in radical prostatectomy specimens ranges from 5% to 53%.

Intra-individual short-term variability of prostate-specific antigen and other kallikrein markers in a serial collection of blood from men under evaluation for prostate cancer.

Study Type: Diagnostic (exploratory cohort).

Level Of Evidence: 2b.

Objective: To assess variation of total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), percent fPSA, human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) and intact PSA measured three times within 2 weeks.

Validation study of a web-based assessment of functional recovery after radical prostatectomy.

Background: Good clinical care of prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy depends on careful assessment of post-operative morbidities, yet physicians do not always judge patient symptoms accurately. Logistical problems associated with using paper questionnaire limit their use in the clinic. We have implemented a web-interface ("STAR") for patient-reported outcomes after radical prostatectomy.

A four-kallikrein panel for the prediction of repeat prostate biopsy: data from the European Randomized Study of Prostate Cancer screening in Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Background: Most men with elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) do not have prostate cancer, leading to a large number of unnecessary biopsies. A statistical model based on a panel of four kallikreins has been shown to predict the outcome of a first prostate biopsy. In this study, we apply the model to an independent data set of men with previous negative biopsy but persistently elevated PSA.

Evaluation of prediagnostic prostate-specific antigen dynamics as predictors of death from prostate cancer in patients treated conservatively.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) dynamics have been proposed to predict outcome in men with prostate cancer. We assessed the value of PSA velocity (PSAV) and PSA doubling time (PSADT) for predicting prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) in men with clinically localized prostate cancer undergoing conservative management or early hormonal therapy. From 1990 to 1996, 2,333 patients were identified, of whom 594 had two or more PSA values before diagnosis.

Prostate specific antigen velocity does not aid prostate cancer detection in men with prior negative biopsy.

Purpose: Prostate specific antigen velocity has been proposed as a marker to aid in prostate cancer detection. We determined whether prostate specific antigen velocity could predict repeat biopsy results in men with persistently increased prostate specific antigen after initial negative biopsy.

Materials And Methods: We identified 1,837 men who participated in the Göteborg or Rotterdam section of the European Randomized Screening study of Prostate Cancer and who underwent 1 or more subsequent prostate biopsies after an initial negative finding.

Clinical outcomes of primary bladder carcinoma in situ in a contemporary series.

Purpose: The natural history of primary bladder carcinoma in situ has not been well described. We describe patterns of disease recurrence and progression, and identify clinical outcome predictors of primary carcinoma in situ after bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 155 patients diagnosed with isolated primary high grade carcinoma in situ at a tertiary center from 1990 to 2008 who underwent transurethral resection followed by intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy.

Surgery confounds biology: the predictive value of stage-, grade- and prostate-specific antigen for recurrence after radical prostatectomy as a function of surgeon experience.

Statistical models predicting cancer recurrence after surgery are based on biologic variables. We have shown previously that prostate cancer recurrence is related to both tumor biology and to surgical technique. Here, we evaluate the association between several biological predictors and biochemical recurrence across varying surgical experience.

Use of stored equine colostrum for the treatment of foals perceived to be at risk for failure of transfer of passive immunity.

OBJECTIVE-To assess the use of stored equine colostrum for the treatment of foals perceived to be at risk for failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). DESIGN-Cohort study. ANIMALS-232 Thoroughbred foals and 191 Thoroughbred mares (41 mares gave birth to 1 foal on 2 occasions).

Empirical estimates of the lead time distribution for prostate cancer based on two independent representative cohorts of men not subject to prostate-specific antigen screening.

Background: Lead time, the estimated time by which screening advances the date of diagnosis, is used to calculate the risk of overdiagnosis. We sought to describe empirically the distribution of lead times between an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis.

Methods: We linked the Swedish cancer registry to two independent cohorts: 60-year-olds sampled in 1981-1982 and 51- to 56-year-olds sampled in 1982-1985.

A four-kallikrein panel predicts prostate cancer in men with recent screening: data from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, Rotterdam.

Purpose: We have developed a statistical prediction model for prostate cancer based on four kallikrein markers in blood: total, free, and intact prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and kallikrein-related peptidase 2 (hK2). Although this model accurately predicts the result of biopsy in unscreened men, its properties for men with a history of PSA screening have not been fully characterized.

Experimental Design: A total of 1,501 previously screened men with elevated PSA underwent initial biopsy during rounds 2 and 3 of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, Rotterdam, with 388 cancers diagnosed.