Aerobic exercise training and neurocognitive function in cognitively normal older adults: A one-year randomized controlled trial.

Background: Current evidence is inconsistent on the benefits of aerobic exercise training for preventing or attenuating age-related cognitive decline in older adults.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a 1-year progressive, moderate-to-high intensity aerobic exercise intervention on cognitive function, brain volume, and cortical thickness in sedentary but otherwise healthy older adults.

Methods: We randomized 73 older adults to a 1-year aerobic exercise or stretching-and-toning (active control) program.

Hippocampal and rostral anterior cingulate blood flow is associated with affective symptoms in chronic traumatic brain injury.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its association with self-reported symptoms in chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Participants: Sixteen participants with mild to severe TBI and persistent self-reported neurological symptoms, 6 to 72 months post-injury were included. For comparison, 16 age- and gender-matched healthy normal control participants were also included.

Midlife aerobic exercise and brain structural integrity: Associations with age and cardiorespiratory fitness.

Lower midlife physical activity is associated with higher risk of neurodegenerative disease in late life. However, it remains unknown whether physical exercise and fitness are associated with brain structural integrity during midlife. The purpose of this study was to compare brain structures between middle-aged aerobically trained adults (MA), middle-aged sedentary (MS), and young sedentary (YS) adults.

Central autonomic network functional connectivity: correlation with baroreflex function and cardiovascular variability in older adults.

Baroreflex regulates short-term cardiovascular variability via the autonomic neural system. The contributions of the central autonomic system to the baroreflex regulations of arterial blood pressure (BP) and heart rate have been reported in young healthy adults, but not in older adults. Therefore, we investigated the association between the high-level central autonomic network (CAN) connectivity and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) under a resting condition in a healthy older population.

Cerebral White Matter Integrity in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A 1-Year Randomized Controlled Trial of Aerobic Exercise Training.

Cerebral white matter (WM) represents the structural substrate of neuronal communications which is damaged by Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aerobic exercise training (AET) may improve WM integrity in cognitively normal older adults, but its efficacy remains unknown in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal phase of AD dementia. Therefore, we conducted a proof-of-concept study that randomized 70 amnestic MCI patients to a 1-year program of AET or a non-aerobic stretching and toning (SAT), active control group.

Exercise Training in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A One-Year Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The current evidence is inconclusive to support the benefits of aerobic exercise training (AET) for preventing neurocognitive decline in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

Objective: To examine the effect of a progressive, moderate-to-high intensity AET program on memory and executive function, brain volume, and cortical amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition in aMCI patients.

Methods: This is a proof-of-concept trial that randomized 70 aMCI patients to 12 months of AET or stretching and toning (SAT, active control) interventions.

Ambulatory pulse pressure, brain neuronal fiber integrity, and cerebral blood flow in older adults.

Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) reflects the end-organ vascular stress in daily life; however, its influence on brain neuronal fiber integrity and cerebral blood flow (CBF) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the associations among ABP, white matter (WM) neuronal fiber integrity, and CBF in older adults. We tested 144 participants via ABP monitoring and diffusion tensor imaging.