The sitting men: A systematic review of spare and working time exposure to sedentariness in relation to semen parameters.

Background: Over the past few decades, several studies have found that semen quality parameters have steadily declined over time. Many hypotheses have been made to explain this finding, among which a sedentary lifestyle has been investigated. To synthesize the current evidence, we performed a systematic review of published papers reporting on the relationship between sedentary habits and semen parameters.

Adenosine relaxes vagina smooth muscle through the cyclic guanosine monophosphate- and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent pathways.

Background: In males, adenosine (ADO) is known to relax penile smooth muscles, although its role in the vagina is not yet fully elucidated.

Aim: This study investigated the effect of ADO on vagina smooth muscle activity, using a validated female Sprague-Dawley rat model.

Methods: Contractility studies, using noradrenaline-precontracted vaginal strips, tested the effects of ADORA1/3 antagonists and ADORA2A/2B antagonists and agonists.

Peripheral fatty acids and outcome of assisted reproduction.

Objectives: The present study investigated the relationship between fatty acid levels in whole blood in women undergoing in vitro fertilization and four successive assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on data from a prospective cohort study conducted between 2014 and 2016.

Results: Participants were 238 women undergoing in vitro fertilization and participating in a study on the role of lifestyle habits and diet in ART outcomes.

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women: new possibilities to ensure better understanding, diagnosis, and response to treatment.

Background: Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is a frequent sex-related problem in women; however, a specific tool to characterize HSDD subtypes based on sexual inhibitory and excitatory factors is still lacking.

Aim: (1) To find a cutoff value in Sexual Inhibition Scale (SIS)/Sexual Excitation Scale (SES) scores predicting a diagnosis of HSDD in women consulting for sexual symptoms, (2) to explore the sexual inhibitory and excitatory profiles in women referred to a clinic for female sexual dysfunction by stratifying the sample according to the newfound cutoffs, and (3) to identify biopsychosocial factors significantly associated with the 2 profiles.

Methods: An overall 133 women consulting for sexual symptoms were retrospectively evaluated for clinical, biochemical, and psychosexologic data collected at the first visit.

Clinical significance of atypical glandular cells on cytology: 10 years' experience of a colposcopic referral center.

Introduction: 'Atypical glandular cells' (AGC) is an uncommon cytological result of cervical Pap smears which includes a wide of histopathological diagnoses, from benign to premalignant and malignant cervical disorders, endometrial cancer and, occasionally, other genital malignancies. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of AGC, assessing risk factors and clinical and histological features in affected patients.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 239 women diagnosed with AGC between 2012 and 2022 at the 'Regional Referral Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of HPV-related Genital Disorders', Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

The Leukemic Mutations Impair Myeloid and Erythroid Cell Differentiation of Primary Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs).

How hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) fate decisions are affected by genetic alterations acquired during AML leukemogenesis is poorly understood and mainly explored in animal models. Here, we study () gene mutations in the human model of HSPC and discuss the available literature on this topic. mutations occur in ~20% of AML cases, are recognized among the mutations earliest acquired during leukemogenesis, and are targets of specific inhibitors (ivosidenib and enasidenib, respectively).

Why couple infertility is historically a female-driven problem?

Background: The history of studies in the field of infertility represents a chapter of great interest in gender issues.

Objectives: This paper aims to delve deep into the historical roots of the aspect of gender inequality related to couple infertility, with a journey back in time, from classical antiquity to the contemporary age, reporting junctions and metaphors linked to particular historical moments as well as to cultural and religious constructs.

Methods: This is a narrative review based on an extensive literature search of publications regarding the role of women in couple infertility over the centuries.

The natural evolution of untreated deep endometriosis and the effect of hormonal suppression: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Peritoneal infiltrating and fibrotic endometriosis, also known as deep endometriosis, is the most severe manifestation of the disease that can cause severe complications including bowel and ureteral stenosis. The natural history of these lesions and the possible effect of hormonal treatments on their progression are undefined. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether and how frequently deep endometriosis progresses over time without or with ovarian suppression.

Histologic Subtypes in Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Arising in Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The definition of the association between ovarian cancer and endometriosis was first reported by Sampson in 1925. He identified the following criteria: (a) clear evidence of endometriosis in proximity to the tumour, (b) exclusion of a metastatic tumour to the ovary, (c) presence of tissue resembling endometrial stroma surrounding epithelial glands. The naming of these cancers is "endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer" (EAOC).

Probability of second live birth after first natural and medically assisted reproduction-mediated live birth: A historical cohort study.

Introduction: Evidence on the role of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) in achieving the desired number of children is very limited. The aim of the current investigation was to assess the probability and the mode of conception of a second live birth according to the mode of conception of the first one.

Material And Methods: This historical cohort study was based on administrative data from regional healthcare databases.

Fat Grafting in Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Long Term Follow-Up.

Objective: The rationale for the use of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) consists in reduction of inflammation, regeneration of tissues, volume increase, and pain fiber control. The main outcome of this study was the evaluation of patients' satisfaction after treatment. Secondary outcomes included modifications in symptoms, psychosexual wellbeing, vulvar hydration, and histology after surgery.

A systematic review on maternal and perinatal factors influencing breast development.

Background: A secular trend towards earlier age at menarche has been reported, but the trend in breast development is less clear. We reviewed the evidence on the relationship between in utero and early life events and breast onset/development.

Methods: Eligible studies were identified in PubMed and Embase databases.

The vagina as source and target of androgens: implications for treatment of GSM/VVA, including DHEA.

The vagina is traditionally thought of as a passive organ in the female reproductive system, serving primarily as a passageway for menstrual blood, sexual intercourse and childbirth. However, recent research has shed light on the vagina's role as an endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in female hormonal balance and overall health. Particularly, growing evidence shows that the human vagina can be considered both as source and target of androgens, in view of the novel concept of 'intracrinology'.

Low prolactin level identifies hypoactive sexual desire disorder women with a reduced inhibition profile.

Purpose: Data on the role of prolactin (PRL) in the physiologic range in the female sexual response are scanty. We aimed at investigating the association between PRL and sexual function as assessed by the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). We explored the presence of a cut-off level of PRL able to identify Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD).

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the risk of unexpected poor response to ovarian stimulation in IVF cycles.

Research Question: Can preconception adherence to a Mediterranean diet influence the rate of poor response to ovarian stimulation in IVF cycles?

Design: The impact of dietary habits on the success of IVF is controversial. Inconsistencies may be explained by confounders associated with the use of pregnancy as an outcome as well as by a reductionist view of diet that focuses on single components rather than on food patterns. This cross-sectional study analysed adherence to a Mediterranean diet in women with unexpected poor response to ovarian stimulation.

The regulatory effect of sex steroids on the RhoA/ROCK pathway in the rat distal vagina.

Background: Sex steroids have been demonstrated as important modulators of vaginal function. The RhoA/ROCK calcium-sensitizing pathway plays a role in genital smooth muscle contractile mechanism, but its regulation has never been elucidated.

Aim: This study investigated the sex steroid regulation of the vaginal smooth muscle RhoA/ROCK pathway using a validated animal model.

Vitamin and Carotenoid Intake and Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization in Women Referring to an Italian Fertility Service: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Nutrition may impact reproductive health and fertility potential. The role of dietary antioxidants in affecting conception and birth outcomes is a topic of emerging interest.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis from a prospective cohort study aims to explore the relationship between the intake of antioxidants, vitamins, and carotenoids and the outcomes of assisted reproduction techniques.

Trend of change of sperm count and concentration over the last two decades: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis.

Background: Since the 1970s, several studies found that sperm concentration (SC) and total sperm count (TSC) constantly worsened over time, mainly in high-income countries.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the decreasing trend in sperm count is continuing in Western European countries and USA, we performed a systematic review and meta-regression analysis.

Materials And Methods: Embase and Pubmed/Medline were searched papers published in English in the 2000-2020 period limiting the search to data collected in the USA and Western European countries.

High-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and recurrence risk: analysis of an Italian regional referral center series.

Purpose: The main aim of this study was to investigate the long-term risk of disease recurrence in women treated for high-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-VaIN).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis on a cohort of 82 women diagnosed with HG-VaIN between 2010 and 2021 at the "Regional Referral Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of HPV-related Genital Disorders", Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. All women underwent either ablative treatment (CO laser ablation or electrocoagulation) or cold-knife excision.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on alcohol consumption and risk of endometriosis: an update from 2012.

Endometriosis is a complex and chronic disease, whose multifactorial nature has encouraged a deep investigation on the role of lifestyle factors. A strong association between alcohol intake and endometriosis risk has already been shown. We aimed to confirm this association, considering the updated literature.

Methotrexate improves endothelial function in early rheumatoid arthritis patients after 3 months of treatment.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction contributes to increased cardiovascular (CV) disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Angiogenic T cells (Tang) are a key regulator of vascular function via their interaction with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Methotrexate (MTX) has been associated to reduced CV disease risk, but its effects on endothelial homeostasis have been poorly explored.

Mutations in MYO9B are associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 neuropathies and isolated optic atrophy.

Background And Purpose: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by mutations in at least 100 genes. However, approximately 60% of cases with axonal neuropathies (CMT2) still remain without a genetic diagnosis. We aimed at identifying novel disease genes responsible for CMT2.

An evaluation of bremelanotide injection for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder.

Introduction: Female sexual response implies a deep intertwining between psychosocial and neurobiological mediators. Regulation of central melanocortin signaling may enhance sexual desire. In premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), melanocortin receptor agonist bremelanotide (Vyleesi) has been hypothesized to trigger excitatory brain pathways.