Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles.

In response to diabetes mellitus, skeletal muscle is negatively affected, as is evident by reduced contractile force production, increased muscle fatigability, and increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. Apocynin is a widely used NADPH oxidase inhibitor, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. It has been effective for amelioration of a variety of disorders, including diabetic complications.

Nicorandil decreases oxidative stress in slow- and fast-twitch muscle fibers of diabetic rats by improving the glutathione system functioning.

Aims/introduction: Myopathy is a common complication of any diabetes type, consisting in failure to preserve mass and muscular function. Oxidative stress has been considered one of the main causes for this condition. This study aimed to search if Nicorandil, a K channel opener, could protect slow- and fast-twitch diabetic rat muscles from oxidative stress, and to unveil its possible mechanisms.

CYP2E1 phenotype in Mexican workers occupationally exposed to low levels of toluene.

Unlabelled: CYP2E1, an inducible enzyme present in different human tissues, metabolizes several potentially toxic substances including many volatile organic compounds (VOCs). One indirect way to monitor exposure to VOCs may be, therefore, the assessment of CYP2E1 activity in vivo using the chlorzoxazone (CHZ) test.

Goal: To compare CYP2E1 activity in two groups of workers: one with a known occupational exposure to VOCs (exposed group) and the other employed in administrative tasks at two universities (control group) from the city of León, Guanajuato, México.