Effects of resveratrol on rheumatic symptoms and hepatic metabolism of arthritic rats.

Objectives: Resveratrol has been studied as a potential agent for treating rheumatic conditions; however, this compound suppresses glucose synthesis and glycogen catabolism when infused in perfused livers of both arthritic and healthy rats. This study investigated the effects of oral administration of resveratrol on inflammation and liver metabolism in rats with arthritis induced by Freund's adjuvant, which serves as rheumatoid arthritis model.

Methods: Holtzman rats, both healthy and exhibiting arthritic symptoms, were orally treated with resveratrol at doses varying from 25 to 500 mg/kg for a 5-day period preceding arthritis induction, followed by an additional 20-day period thereafter.

Quercetin and ibuprofen combination displayed anti-inflammatory effects and also extenuates the enteric neurons damage of arthritic rats.

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin on the cellular components of the Enteric Nervous System in the ileum of rats with arthritis. Rats were distributed into five groups: control (C), arthritic (AIA), arthritic treated with ibuprofen (AI), arthritic treated with quercetin (AQ) and arthritic treated with both ibuprofen and quercetin (AIQ). The ileum was processed for immunohistochemical techniques for HuC/D, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.

Discovery of a new pyrido[2,3-]pyridazine-2,8-dione derivative as a potential anti-inflammatory agent through COX-1/COX-2 dual inhibition.

In this paper, we present the design and synthesis of a novel series of pyrido[2,3-]pyridazine-2,8-dione derivatives the annulation of the 2-pyridone pattern. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using an ear edema model. Compound 7c, which showed a greater inhibition of ear edema (82%), was further tested for its COX-1/COX-2 inhibitory activity.

Comparative study of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the natural coumarins 1,2-benzopyrone, umbelliferone and esculetin: in silico, in vitro and in vivo analyses.

The aim of this work was to compare the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of three natural coumarins: 1,2-benzopyrone, umbelliferone and esculetin. The antioxidant capacity of coumarins was evaluated using both chemical and biological in vitro assays. Chemical assays included DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging as well as ferric ion reducing ability power (FRAP) assay.

Development and characterization of trans-anethole-containing solid lipid microparticles: antiinflammatory and gastroprotective effects in experimental inflammation.

The present study prepared, optimized, and characterized solid lipid microparticles that contained trans-anethole (SLMAN), evaluated their antiinflammatory activity in acute and chronic inflammation models, and investigated their effects on the gastric mucosa in arthritic rats. The microparticles were obtained by a hot homogenization process and characterized by physicochemical analyses. The acute inflammatory response was induced by an intradermal injection of 0.

Resveratrol biotransformation and actions on the liver metabolism of healthy and arthritic rats.

Aims: to investigate the effects of resveratrol on glycogen catabolism and gluconeogenesis in perfused livers of healthy and arthritic rats. The actions of resveratrol-3-O-glucuronide (R3G) and the biotransformation of resveratrol into R3G was further evaluated in the livers.

Main Methods: arthritis was induced with Freund's adjuvant.

Moderate intestinal immunopathology after acute oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts is associated with expressive levels of serotonin.

Background: Invasion of the intestinal mucosa by T. gondii elicits a local immune response of variable intensity. These reactions can be lethal in C57BL/6 mice.

Hepatoprotective effect of β-myrcene pretreatment against acetaminophen-induced liver injury.

Objective: In the present study, the hepatoprotective effects of β-myrcene (MYR) on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity were investigated.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 Balb/c mice were randomly divided into five groups as follows: 1) Normal control group which received only carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), the vehicle used to dissolve acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP, paracetamol) and MYR; 2) APAP group which received a single dose of acetaminophen (250 mg/kg) orally on day 7; 3) Silymarin group which received 200 mg/kg/day of silymarin; and 4 and 5) pretreatment groups in which, mice were treated with 100 or 200 mg/kg/day of MYR. Liver and blood samples were collected to analyze serum aminotransferases, inflammatory response, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological insults.

Alpha-tocopherol-loaded polycaprolactone nanoparticles improve the inflammation and systemic oxidative stress of arthritic rats.

Background And Aim: The present study investigated the effects of orally administered α-tocopherol-loaded polycaprolactone nanoparticles on the articular inflammation and systemic oxidative status of middle-aged rats with Freund's adjuvant-induced polyarthritis, a model for rheumatoid arthritis. Intraperitoneally administered free α-tocopherol provided the reference for comparison.

Experimental Procedure: Two protocols of treatment were followed: intraperitoneal administration of free α-tocopherol (100 mg/kg i.

Chemical profile, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Miconia albicans (Sw.) Triana (Melastomataceae) fruits extract.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Miconia albicans (Sw.) Triana has been widely used in Brazilian popular medicine for the treatment of several diseases. Aerial parts are used as an infusion to treat arthrosis and arthritis, to relieve rheumatic and stomach pains, and intestinal disorders due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic anti-nociceptive, digestive and hepatoprotective properties.

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Nanoencapsulated Curcuminoids Extracted from Curcuma longa L. in a Model of Cutaneous Inflammation.

The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of nanoencapsulated curcuminoid preparations of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (Nano-cur) and free curcuminoids (Cur) in an experimental model of croton oil-induced cutaneous inflammation. Male Swiss mice, weighing 25-30 g, received oral treatment by gavage 1 h before CO application or topical treatment immediately after CO application (200 μg diluted in 70% acetone) with a single dose of Cur and Nano-cur. After 6 h, the animals were anesthetized and euthanized.

Prostaglandin E1 prevents histopathological changes improving renal function in experimental nephropathy induced by renal microembolism.

This study investigated the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE-1) treatment on the biochemical and histopathological changes in a model of nephropathy that was induced using renal microembolism in rats. Wistar rats were assigned to three groups: a control group (C, normal), a renal microembolism (RM) group, and a renal microembolism treated with PGE-1 (RM + PGE-1) group. The renal microembolism was induced by an arterial injection of polymethylmethacrylate microbeads into the remaining kidney of nephrectomized rats.

Synthesis of novel 3,5,6-trisubstituted 2-pyridone derivatives and evaluation for their anti-inflammatory activity.

The inflammatory response is the reaction of living tissue to an injury of a foreign nature, such as infection and irritants, and occurs as part of the body's natural defence response. Compounds capable of inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, especially COX-2, have great potential as anti-inflammatory agents. Herein we present the regioselective synthesis of 49 novel compounds based on the 2-pyridone nucleus.

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Low-Dose Anethole and Ibuprofen Combination Is Accompanied by Partial Prevention of Hepatic Metabolic Changes in Arthritic Rats.

Anethole (AN) is a natural compound that has attracted great scientific interest because of its numerous biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, these effects were obtained with high doses of AN, which may be one limitation of its therapeutic use. This study evaluated the effects of a low-dose AN and ibuprofen (IB) combination on inflammatory parameters in Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) and arthritis-induced hepatic metabolic changes.

Biochemical Properties and Effects on Mitochondrial Respiration of Aqueous Extracts of Basidiomycete Mushrooms.

There are different varieties of mushrooms not yet studied spread all over the planet. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical properties and effects on mitochondrial respiration of eight Basidiomycete mushrooms: Flaviporus venustus EF30, Hydnopolyporus fimbriatus EF41 and EF44, Inonotus splitgerberi EF46, Oudemansiella canarii EF72, Perenniporia sp. EF79, Phellinus linteus EF81, and Pleurotus albidus EF84.

Nephropathy induced by renal microembolism: a characterization of biochemical and histopathological changes in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate some biochemical parameters of renal function and the vascular, glomerular, tubular, and interstitial manifestations in the progression of nephropathy induced by renal microembolism. Renal microembolism was induced by the arterial injection of polymethacrylate microspheres in the remnant kidney of nephrectomized rats. Animals 110-120 days old were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (C; normal), the nephrectomized group (S; nephrectomized that did not undergo renal microembolism), and the model group (M, nephrectomized animals that underwent renal arterial microembolism).

Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract, fractions and alkaloids from (Rubiaceae).

species has been used in folk medicine in the treatment of some diseases including cancer and inflammatory disorders. This work aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative and topical anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract, fractions and two major alkaloids isolated from . Methanolic extract, non-alkaloidal and alkaloidal fractions exhibited strong growth inhibition for ovarian cell lines (OVCAR-3, GI = 3.

Effect of (-)-α-Bisabolol on the Inflammatory Response in Systemic Infection Experimental Model in C57BL/6 Mice.

(-)-α-Bisabolol (BISA) is an unsaturated monocyclic sesquiterpenes compound, mainly found in the essential oil of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla). It has been reported that this compound has several biological activities, but there are few studies evaluating the activity of this compound in the systemic inflammatory response in infectious processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of BISA on the inflammatory response and survival rate in a systemic infection model, and in vitro neutrophils phagocytic activity.

Rheumatoid arthritis induces enteric neurodegeneration and jejunal inflammation, and quercetin promotes neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions.

Aims: The aim of our study was to study the pathological mechanisms induced by the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on the Enteric Nervous System (ENS).

Main Methods: We evaluated the effect of the chronic arthritis and its treatment with 50 mg/kg quercetin alone (AQ) and combined with 17.5 mg/kg ibuprofen (AIQ) for 60 days on neurons, glial cells and intestinal wall.

Methyl Jasmonate Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Arthritic Rats.

Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), common in the plant kingdom, is capable of reducing articular and hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. This study investigated the actions of orally administered MeJA (75-300 mg/kg) on inflammation, oxidative stress and selected enzyme activities in the brain of Holtzman rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. MeJA prevented the arthritis-induced increased levels of nitrites, nitrates, lipid peroxides, protein carbonyls and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Actions of Methyl Jasmonate Are Associated with Metabolic Modifications in the Liver of Arthritic Rats.

Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a fatty acid-derived cyclopentanone which shares structural similarities with prostaglandins and has been under study as a promising anti-inflammatory agent. This study investigated the actions of MeJA on systemic inflammation and oxidative status in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis, a model for rheumatoid arthritis. MeJA (75 to 300 mg·kg) was administrated orally during 18 days after arthritis induction with Freund's adjuvant.

β-Caryophyllene, the major constituent of copaiba oil, reduces systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in arthritic rats.

The current study investigated the action of β-caryophyllene, the major constituent of copaiba oil, on the systemic inflammation, oxidative status, and liver cell metabolism of rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis, a model for rheumatoid arthritis. This study also compared the actions of β-caryophyllene with those previously reported for copaiba oil on arthritic rats. For this purpose, Holtzman healthy and arthritic rats received 215 and 430 mg·kg β-caryophyllene orally once a day during 18 days.

Effect of Lavender Essential Oil on Acute Inflammatory Response.

is a plant of Lamiaceae family, with many therapeutic properties and biological activities, such as anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mill. essential oil (LEO) on acute inflammatory response.