Shaping Ability of TRUShape and XP-endo Shaper in C-Shaped Canals Using 3D-Printed Replicas: A Micro-CT Study.

Objective:  This study compared the shaping ability of TRUShape and XP-endo Shaper systems on C-shaped root canals replicas using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT).

Material And Methods:  Thirty three-dimensional replicas based on a mandibular second molar classified as C1 type I C-shaped canal were randomly divided into two groups ( = 15): TRUShape (G.TRU) and XP-endo Shaper (G.

Evaluation of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa B Ligand, Osteoprotegerin, Osteopontin, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha on Chronic Apical Periodontitis in Smokers.

Introduction: Smoking can be considered a risk factor for chronic apical periodontitis (CAP). This study compared the immunoexpression of biomarkers receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteopontin (OPN), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in CAP in smokers and nonsmokers.

Methods: Twelve smokers and 12 nonsmokers diagnosed with CAP and indicated for tooth extraction were selected.

Immunoexpression of Interleukin 17, 6, and 1 Beta in Primary Chronic Apical Periodontitis in Smokers and Nonsmokers.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the immunoexpression of biomarkers interleukin (IL)-17, IL-6, and IL-1β in primary chronic apical periodontitis in smokers and nonsmokers.

Methods: Teeth with primary chronic apical periodontitis indicated for extraction in 16 cigarette smokers and 16 nonsmokers were selected. Silanized sections of tissue were used for immunohistochemical analysis after being stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histopathologic categorization.

Minimally invasive intervention in external cervical resorption: a case report with six-year follow-up.

Root resorption consists of the loss of mineralized tissue (enamel, dentin, and cementum) of the inner or outer surface of the tooth due to the action of clastic cells. The correct diagnosis, the location, degree of tissue destruction, and the type of treatment are obstacles to the resolution of these lesions. The external cervical resorption is initiated in the amelocemental region progressively resorbing cementum, dentin, and enamel, constituting multiples ducts of resorption in an apical direction.

The Influence of Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine on Postoperative Pain in Necrotic Teeth: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to provide the answer to the question: Can sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine influence postoperative pain after the endodontic treatment in necrotic teeth?

Methods: The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42018096433 and was conducted following the PRISMA statements. The MeSH and free terms were used to search for articles published in the electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library), in the gray literature, and by a manual search. The reviewers selected the studies considering predetermined eligibility criteria, performed data extraction, and evaluated the risk of bias.

Dental trauma in primary dentition, its effect on permanent successors and on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: a 4-year follow-up case report.

Traumatic dental injury (TDI) in deciduous teeth can affect itself and subsequent dentition due to its close anatomical relationship with the permanent germ. Besides, it can have psychologically undesirable effects on children and their parents and impact their Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). In this case report, we aimed to describe a TDI in primary dentition that presented sequel on primary and on permanent dentition as well to describe the impact on OHRQoL after 4 years of follow-up.

Supplementing filling material removal with XP-Endo Finisher R or R1-Clearsonic ultrasonic insert during retreatment of oval canals from contralateral teeth.

This study compared the efficacy of XP-Endo Finisher R and R1-Clearsonic insert in removing filling material remnants from oval canals. Twelve pairs of contralateral premolars were treated and subsequently retreated with Reciproc 50. A supplementary procedure with XP-Endo Finisher R or R1-Clearsonic was performed.

Do Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy and Low-Level Laser Therapy Minimize Postoperative Pain and Edema After Molar Extraction?

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in reducing postoperative pain and edema after molar extractions.

Methods: The investigators designed a single-blind randomized controlled study and enrolled subjects requiring extraction of at least one of the first or second molars. They were randomized to one of the following four groups: control group, aPDT group, LLLT group, and aPDT and LLLT group.

Genetic Polymorphism and Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in Periapical Lesions: Systematic Review.

Introduction: Recent studies involving genetic polymorphism and expression have provided information about their role in periapical lesions. This study aimed to evaluate if there is an association between the genetic polymorphism and gene and protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) in the periapical inflammatory response.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted through a rigorous search in electronic databases as well as a hand search.

The influence of kinematics of engine-driven nickel-titanium instruments on root canal shape assessed by micro-computed tomography: a systematic review.

Aim: To evaluate if the kinematics of engine-driven instruments affect the root canal shape.

Method: The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD 42017077043). A broad search was performed for articles published before 26 September 2018 in the electronic databases: pubmed, scopus, web of science and Lilacs using MeSH and free terms.

Impact of room lighting and image display device in the radiographic appearances of the endodontic treatments.

Objectives: To assess the radiographic appearances of the endodontic treatment in different room lighting conditions and image display devices.

Methods: After approval by Research Ethical Board, 20 images were obtained from blocks with one endodontically treated tooth. Of the 20 endodontic treatments conducted in the laboratory, of those the randomly selected 10 teeth (50% of sample) received some quality defect in three parameters-apical limit, adaptation to root canal and homogeneity of the root canal filling material.

Does Conventional Endodontic Treatment Impact Oral Health-related Quality of Life? A Systematic Review.

Could conventional endodontic treatment have an impact on oral health-related quality of life? There are still unresolved questions regarding this theme. In order to answer them, a systematic review on the available literature was undertaken to identify the methodological quality of and the risk of bias in all relevant studies. A broad search for articles was conducted, and only articles published before May 2016 were considered for review.

Investigations of the prevalence and virulence of Candida albicans in periodontal and endodontic lesions in diabetic and normoglycemic patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of isolated Candida albicans from periodontal endodontic lesions in diabetic and normoglycemic patients, and the fungi's virulence in different atmospheric conditions.

Material And Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 15 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (G1) and 15 non-diabetics (G2) with periodontal endodontic lesions. Samples of root canals and periodontal pockets were plated on CHROMagar for later identification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virulence test.

Clinical comparison of the effectiveness of 7- and 14-day intracanal medications in root canal disinfection and inflammatory cytokines.

Objective: This clinical study compared the effectiveness of 7- and 14-day intracanal medications in the reduction of bacteria/endotoxins from primarily infected root canals and determined their antigenicity against macrophages through the levels of cytokines.

Methods: Seventy-two primarily infected teeth were randomly divided into six groups according to medication and time of application: 7-day groups = G1, Ca(OH) + saline solution (SSL); G2, Ca(OH) + 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel; and G3, 2% CHX gel and 14-day groups = G4, Ca(OH) + SSL; G5, Ca(OH) + 2% CHX gel; and G6, 2% CHX gel (all groups, n = 12). Bacterial and endotoxin samples were collected from root canals and inflammatory cytokines of macrophages supernatants.

Intrusive luxation of an immature permanent incisor: a 10-year follow-up.

Intrusive luxation in the permanent dentition is rare and considered the most severe form of dental trauma. Intrusion is characterized by the axial displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone. It normally affects pulpal vitality and the periodontal ligament.

Increased Root Canal Endotoxin Levels are Associated with Chronic Apical Periodontitis, Increased Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress, Major Depression, Severity of Depression, and a Lowered Quality of Life.

Evidence indicates that major depression is accompanied by increased translocation of gut commensal Gram-negative bacteria (leaky gut) and consequent activation of oxidative and nitrosative (O&NS) pathways. This present study examined the associations among chronic apical periodontitis (CAP), root canal endotoxin levels (lipopolysaccharides, LPS), O&NS pathways, depressive symptoms, and quality of life. Measurements included advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), lipid peroxides (LOOH), -sulfhydryl (SH) groups, total radical trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), and paraoxonase (PON)1 activity in participants with CAP, with and without depression, as well as healthy controls (no depression, no CAP).

Preparation of Oval-shaped Canals with TRUShape and Reciproc Systems: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study Using Contralateral Premolars.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the shaping properties of TRUShape and Reciproc systems during preparation of oval-shaped canals from contralateral teeth by using micro-computed tomography scanning.

Methods: Thirteen pairs of freshly extracted contralateral mandibular premolars with a single oval-shaped canal were selected and divided into 2 groups according to the root canal instrumentation technique, TRUShape and Reciproc. The final apical size of instrumentation was 40/.

Aspergillus in endodontic infection near the maxillary sinus.

Introduction: Diseases of the maxillary sinus have been associated with dental roots near the maxillary sinus that have undergone endodontic treatment.

Objective: To investigate the presence of filamentous fungi in patients with dental roots near the maxillary sinus who had apical periodontitis treated endodontically, and to alert practitioners that this could be a possible avenue of contamination of the sinus in patients who develop maxillary sinus infection.

Methods: Cross-sectional study in 60 palatal roots of the first maxillary molars near the maxillary sinus, that underwent endodontic treatment for apical periodontitis.

The effectiveness of pulp revascularization in root formation of necrotic immature permanent teeth: A systematic review.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to carry out a systematic review to analyse the effectiveness of pulp revascularization in the root formation of necrotic immature permanent teeth, as well as the level of scientific evidence regarding this theme.

Materials And Methods: The methodology was based on searching electronic databases such as Web of Science, Pubmed, BVS (Medline, Scielo, Lilacs and BBO), Scopus and Cochrane, including manual searches for the references listed in the studies found. The terms used for the literature search were pulp revascularization and endodontics.

Isolation and taxonomy of filamentous fungi in endodontic infections.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to research the presence of filamentous fungi in the root canals of teeth with pulp necrosis and periapical lesions and to perform the taxonomic study of the isolates.

Methods: Samples collected from 60 root canals with sterile absorbent paper points were inoculated in Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol. The material was cultured from 7-14 days at room temperature to observe mycelial growth.

Relationship between the size of patency file and apical extrusion of sodium hypochlorite.

Background: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most widely used endodontic irrigant because of its excellent antimicrobial, organic tissue dissolving, and lubricating properties. However, it is highly cytotoxic to the periapical tissues.

Aim: This study evaluated in vitro the extrusion of 5.

Clinical and histological alterations in the surrounding periodontium of dog's teeth submitted for an intrusive luxation.

The clinical and histological alterations on periodontium of dog's teeth after an intrusion luxation was analyzed. An impact device was used on 12 teeth of six adult dogs with the purpose of making a dislocation on the long axis of these teeth. Of the teeth that suffer intrusion luxation, two did not receive treatment and ten were replaced by orthodontic extrusion with activated springs of 100 gf.

Effect of crown fracture on the surrounding periodontium.

Clinical and histological alterations were analyzed in the periodontium of dog's teeth that had been submitted to crown fracture. To reach the long axis of the tooth, an impact device was applied to eight teeth of four adult dogs to produce trauma. Crown fractures involving the enamel and dentin, with or without pulpar exposure and without dislocation, mobility or gingival bleeding were analyzed within the post-trauma periods of 30 min, 1, 3, and 7 days.