Effects of postoperative hyperbaric oxygen therapy on hematological and biochemical parameters in patients diagnoses with pyometra in sepsis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on hematologic and biochemical markers in dogs with pyometra in sepsis. Eighteen patients were equally distributed between the control group (CG) and the hyperbaric group (HG). All patients underwent ovariohysterectomy, supportive therapy, and insertion of a central venous catheter.

Assessing muscle function and oxidative profile in criollo horses participating in long loop rodeo before and after exercise.

Criollo breed is quite popular in Brazil, mainly in the Southern Region, and the long loop rodeo is one of the main sports modality adapted to this breed. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in the muscle and oxidative functions caused by exercises practiced in this sports modality. Data such as exercising frequency, covered distance, mean duration time and number of runs, and blood samples at the following times: before the tournament, on the final day of the event, and 18-24 h after the end of the tournament were collected.

Featuring long-loop tournaments: breeding and training profiles and blood changes in criollo horses before and after exercise.

Long-loop rodeo is a major competition for Criollo horses. We aimed to feature long-loop tournaments and to assess the profiles of competing horses. The animals (n = 49) were registered, and their body mass/scores, information about breeding, feeding, and training management, loaded weight, and tournament track (n = 11) were collected; speeds reached were estimated.

Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Hemogram, Serum Biochemistry and Coagulation Parameters of Dogs Undergoing Elective Laparoscopic-Assisted Ovariohysterectomy.

Background: This study explored the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on hemogram, serum biochemistry and hemostatic variables in female dogs undergoing laparoscopic-assisted ovariohysterectomy (OVH).

Materials: Thirty adult, mixed-breed, healthy female dogs were randomly divided into the following three groups: HBOT + SURG (exposed to two absolute atmospheres (ATAs) for 45 min followed by laparoscopic-assisted OVH), HBOT (exposed to two ATAs for 45 min) and SURG (laparoscopic-assisted OVH). Blood samples were collected at T0 (at the admission), at T1, 24 h after T0 (immediately after HBOT in the HBOT + SURG and HBOT groups, and immediately before anesthetic premedication in the SURG group), and at T2, 48 h after T0 (24 h after HBOT and anesthetic premedication).

Increased frequency of detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic cats after outbreak of human toxoplasmosis.

Toxoplasmosis affects various organisms, including humans. In 2018, the largest outbreak of human toxoplasmosis described so far was reported in southern Brazil, with 809 human cases reported, and water as the potentially primary source of infection. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected domestic cats before and after the human toxoplasmosis outbreak, as well as the potential for environmental contamination by the number of cats infected after the outbreak.

Influence of the Dose and Frequency of Administration of Tramadol on Analgesia, Hematological, Biochemical Parameters, and Oxidative Status of Cats Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the repeated administration of tramadol subcutaneously on postoperative analgesia, liver, kidneys, and oxidative status in the postoperative period of cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Thirty-seven cats were randomly assigned to 5 groups, according to the postoperative analgesic treatment: NaCl 0.9%, GC; tramadol at 2 mg/kg, T2B (q12h) and T2T (q8h); or 4 mg/kg, T4B (q12h) and T4T (q8h).

Effects of clopidogrel bisulfate on B16-F10 cells and tumor development in a murine model of melanoma.

Metastatic melanoma is a very aggressive skin cancer. Platelets are constituents of the tumor microenvironment and, when activated, contribute to cancer progression, especially metastasis and inflammation. P2Y12 is an adenosine diphosphate receptor that triggers platelet activation.

Kinin B and B receptors mediate cancer pain associated with both the tumor and oncology therapy using aromatase inhibitors.

Pain caused by the tumor or aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is a disabling symptom in breast cancer survivors. Their mechanisms are unclear, but pro-algesic and inflammatory mediators seem to be involved. Kinins are endogenous algogenic mediators associated with various painful conditions via B and B receptor activation, including chemotherapy-induced pain and breast cancer proliferation.

Zinc and Manganese Imbalances in BALB/c Mice Experimentally Infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis.

Purpose: The clinical progression of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis infection depends on multiple factors, including immunological status of the host and their genotypic interaction. Several immunological processes depend directly on minerals for an efficient performance. Therefore, this study used an experimental model to investigate the alterations of trace metals in L.

Increased seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs in southern Brazil after an outbreak of human toxoplasmosis.

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, which can infect diverse hosts, including dogs. Although T. gondii infection in dogs is usually subclinical, they are susceptible to infection and develop a specific immune response to the parasite.

Detection of anti-Sarcocystis spp. antibodies in domestic cats, in southern Brazil.

Parasites of the genus Sarcocystis can infect several species of animals and cause multiple diseases such as equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. Felines are considered hosts of this protozoa; therefore, the present study aimed to detect anti-Sarcocystis spp.-specific antibodies in domestic cats that were under clinical evaluation, using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test.

Effectiveness of ozonized saline solution in the treatment of spp. bacterial cystitis.

Bacterial cystitis is a common clinical problem among cats and dogs and is one of the main reasons for the administration of antimicrobials. This can cause serious damage to public and animal health, as this practice facilitates the selection of bacteria that are multidrug-resistant to antibiotics. In this context, it is urgent to understand and validate therapeutic modalities that complement antimicrobial treatment in cystitis cases.

Caffeic acid and ferulic acid can improve toxicological damage caused by iron overload mediated by carbonic anhydrase inhibition.

The iron ion is an essential element for most forms of life, however, it can damage biological systems when found in free form. Chelation therapy is very important, but it is precarious. Caffeic and ferulic acid are antioxidant compounds with many properties described in research such as anti-inflammatory, antiobesogenic, antithrombotic, vasodilator, and anti-tumor.

Curcumin modulates neurogliogenesis and purinergic receptor expression in neural precursor cells infected with Toxoplasma gondii.

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, and its congenital transmission is of paramount concern. During embryonic development, infection with the parasite causes irreversible damage to the still-forming fetus's central nervous system (CNS). In the pathogenesis of neurotoxoplasmosis, purinergic receptors prejudice neuroprotection, neuroinflammation, and activation of microbicide mechanisms against the parasitic vacuole.

Dynamics of Leishmania spp. infection in dogs from an unaffected region in transition to a visceral leishmaniasis transmission area, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

In Brazil, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been expanding and urbanizing, mainly in non-endemic areas such as the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Considering that infected dogs are the main reservoirs of VL in urban areas, the present study aimed to evaluate the propagation of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) infection from an unaffected region in transition to a VL transmission area. For this, 1159 and 1087 samples of canine serum from 2015 and 2021, respectively, were analyzed, using the indirect immunofluorescence test.

Modulation of Inflammatory Mediators and Microglial Activation Through Physical Exercise in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases.

Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory process in the central nervous system (CNS), in addition to being one of the main features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Microglia are known for their immune functions and have multiple reactive phenotypes related to the types of stages involving neurodegenerative diseases. Depending on the state of activation of microglia in the CNS, it can be neuroprotective or neurotoxic.

Safety and efficacy of Lucilia cuprina maggots on treating an induced infected wound in Wistar rats.

Infection is one of the main complications that hinder wound healing. Currently, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are a concern worldwide for both humans and animals. Maggot therapy is re-emerging as an alternative to intractable wounds and may be an option to the traditional antibiotic treatment.

Grapiprant or carprofen following ovariohysterectomy in the cat: analgesic efficacy, hematological, biochemical and urinalysis evaluation.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the analgesic effect between carprofen and grapiprant every 12 or 24 h on postoperative pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, in addition to the effects on the hematological, biochemical and urinalysis variables.

Methods: A total of 32 female cats were randomly divided into three groups, according to the treatment administered with the first dose given orally 90 mins before surgery, as follows: CAR (cats received 4 mg/kg carprofen, n = 11); GRA1 (cats received 2 mg/kg grapiprant, n = 10); and GRA2 (cats received 2 mg/kg grapiprant q12h, n = 11). Pain was assessed by UNESP-Botucatu Multidimensional Composite Pain Scale (UNESP) and Glasgow Feline Composite Measure Pain Scale (GLASGOW) for cats preoperatively (baseline) and at 1, 3, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after extubation.

Adapted technique for demonstrating argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in the cytologic samples of canine mast cell tumors.

Introduction: Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) are nonhistone argyrophilic nucleolar proteins associated with ribosomal genes found in the nucleolar organizer region that reflect cell proliferation and have an affinity for silver. AgNOR staining may be useful to evaluate prognosis in several neoplasms because higher AgNOR counts are related to higher grade tumors, metastases, and shorter survival times.

Objective: We aimed to report on a quick and practical technique to identify AgNORs adapted for use in routine cytology.

Amikacin prevents platelet aggregation in feline venous blood samples.

Introduction: Physiologically, feline platelets are more reactive and prone to aggregation, which interferes with platelet counts using automated counters and manual methods. The use of aminoglycoside amikacin in association with EDTA has proven to be efficient in preventing platelet aggregates in cases of pseudo thrombocytopenia (PTP) in people.

Objectives: This study evaluated the efficacy of amikacin in preventing platelet aggregation in EDTA-containing feline blood samples and investigated the possible effects on hematologic measurands.

Effect of Thiazolidin-4-one Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative Damage, and Alterations in Adenine Nucleotide Hydrolysis and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Cultured Astrocytes.

Astrocytes play multiple important roles in brain physiology. However, depending on the stimuli, astrocytes may exacerbate inflammatory reactions, contributing to the development and progression of neurological diseases. Therefore, therapies targeting astrocytes represent a promising area for the development of new brain drugs.

Berberine increases the expression of cytokines and proteins linked to apoptosis in human melanoma cells.

Background: Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, and its incidence has increased considerably in the last decades. Melanoma presents difficult treatment with strong resistance of tumor cells, due to its extremely invasive nature with high capacity to metastases. Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a molecule found in several medicinal plants, and has been studied in several diseases, demonstrating antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties and anti-tumorigenic effects.

Effects of Heated Pneumoperitoneum on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Peritoneal Histology in Female Dogs That Underwent Video-Assisted Ovariohysterectomy.

Laparoscopic procedures require the creation of pneumoperitoneum. CO, which must be cold and dry, is the standard gas used in such surgeries. The type of gas used, its temperature, and moisture may change the peritoneal surface and cause systemic and local oxidative stress.

Chlorpyrifos pesticide promotes oxidative stress and increases inflammatory states in BV-2 microglial cells: A role in neuroinflammation.

The exposure to environmental stressors, such as organophosphate (OP) pesticides, has been associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is the worldwide most used OP pesticide and one of the most hazardous pesticides as it can cross the blood-brain barrier. Since studies evaluating the effects of CPF on brain immune cells are scarce, this research investigated the oxidative and inflammatory responses of CPF exposure in murine microglial cells.