Diagnostic accuracy of intraoperative neuromonitoring in transcarotid artery revascularization.

Background: In recent years, transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) has emerged as a safe and effective alternative to carotid artery stenting. While intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) techniques such as electroencephalogram (EEG) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) are often employed during TCAR, there is limited research on their diagnostic accuracy.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed a multi-institutional IONM database of TCAR procedures performed with EEG and SSEP monitoring.

Synchronous oscillatory neural ensembles for rules in the prefrontal cortex.

Intelligent behavior requires acquiring and following rules. Rules define how our behavior should fit different situations. To understand its neural mechanisms, we simultaneously recorded from multiple electrodes in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) while monkeys switched between two rules (respond to color versus orientation).