Inertization of metals and hydrogen production as a byproduct from water hyacinth and water lettuce via plasma pyrolysis.

Water hyacinth and water lettuce have been extensively used for phytoremediation of metals and metalloids. However, the reasonable disposal of phytoremediation plants is a difficult problem. This study aims to reduce metals and metalloids from water hyacinth and water lettuce, and produce hydrogen (H) and methane (CH) via an atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma reactor based on the circular economy concept.