Childbearing Decisions in Residency: A Multicenter Survey of Female Residents.

Purpose: To characterize how female residents make decisions about childbearing, factors associated with the decision to delay childbearing, and satisfaction with these decisions.

Method: In 2017, the authors sent a voluntary, anonymous survey to 1,537 female residents enrolled across 78 graduate medical education programs, consisting of 25 unique specialties, at 6 U.S.

Maternity Leave in Residency: A Multicenter Study of Determinants and Wellness Outcomes.

Purpose: To characterize determinants of resident maternity leave and the effect of length of leave on maternal well-being.

Method: In 2017, the authors sent a voluntary, anonymous survey to female residents at 78 programs, in 25 unique specialties, at 6 institutions. Survey items included personal, partner, and child demographics, and logistics of leave, including whether leave was paid or vacation or sick leave was used.

Collaborative care for adolescents with depression in primary care: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Up to 20% of adolescents experience an episode of major depression by age 18 years yet few receive evidence-based treatments for their depression.

Objective: To determine whether a collaborative care intervention for adolescents with depression improves depressive outcomes compared with usual care.

Design: Randomized trial with blinded outcome assessment conducted between April 2010 and April 2013.

Trends in the Rates of Pediatric Pyeloplasty for Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction over 19 Years: A PHIS Database Study.

Background. Over the past 20 years, the management of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJ) has shifted. While many urologists note a decrease in the number of pyeloplasties performed over time, the nature of the change in practice has yet to be defined.

Partnering for success and sustainability in community-based child obesity intervention: seeking to help families ACT!

Sustaining community-based obesity interventions for families represents an ongoing challenge. Many initially grant-funded initiatives lack a sustainable model to continue. After initial grant funding ended, we continued a partnership between Seattle Children's Hospital and YMCA of Greater Seattle to enhance and expand a community-based family obesity program, "ACT! Actively Changing Together.

Antireflux procedures for gastroesophageal reflux disease in children: influence of patient age on surgical management.

Importance: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common diagnosis in infants and children, but no objective criteria exist to guide the diagnosis and treatment of this disease in this population. The extent to which age influences decisions about surgical treatment in childhood GERD is unknown.

Objective: To identify factors associated with progression to antireflux procedures (ARPs) in children hospitalized with GERD.

Total colectomy for ulcerative colitis in children: when are we operating?

Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) in children is frequently severe and treatment-refractory. While medical therapy is well standardized, little is known regarding factors that contribute to surgical indications. Our aim was to identify factors associated with progression to colectomy in a large cohort of pediatric UC patients.

Obesity in pediatric specialty clinics: an underestimated comorbidity.

Objectives: (a) To examine the prevalence of obesity across 31 subspecialties in a tertiary care children's hospital and (b) to examine the percentage of obesity-specified diagnosis codes used for obese patient visits.

Methods: We analyzed 48 479 youth aged 2 to 18 years in 31 outpatient subspecialty clinics at Seattle Children's Hospital between 2005 and 2007. Body mass index (BMI) percentiles were determined by age- and gender-adjusted BMI calculated from height/weight obtained at clinic visits.

A multi-institutional analysis of inpatient treatment for supraventricular tachycardia in newborns and infants.

This study aimed to examine practice patterns in the inpatient medical treatment of newborns and infants with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database, a large, multi-institutional administrative database. A retrospective examination of pediatric hospital discharge data was performed during the study period from January 2003 to September 2008. Data were extracted from the index hospitalization of all individuals younger than 1 year with the principal discharge diagnosis of SVT.

Unintentional and sexual abuse-related pediatric female genital trauma: a multiinstitutional study of free-standing pediatric hospitals in the United States.

Objective: To evaluate a large national database of free-standing pediatric institutions to define the characteristics of patients who have both unintentional and sexual abuse-related pediatric female genital trauma (PFGT), to describe variation in practice across institutions and between trauma and nontrauma hospitals, and to determine factors associated with diagnostic evaluation and surgical repair of PGFT.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) discharge database with information from 41 freestanding children's hospitals. We identified inpatient and emergency department visits for female patients younger than 18 years of age with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis codes for nonobstetric PFGT discharged in the 5-year period between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2007.

Outcomes associated with type of intervention and timing in complex pediatric empyema.

Background: The presence of effusion/empyema in pediatric pneumonia can increase treatment complexity by possibly requiring pleural drainage. Currently, no data support the superiority of any drainage modalities in children.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System database from 2003 to 2008.

Case fatality in children with supraventricular tachycardia in the United States.

Background: The prognosis for most patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is thought to be excellent. However, the fatality rate in children with SVT is poorly defined and there are no large-scale, multicenter studies to support this commonly held belief.

Methods: We reviewed an administrative database containing inpatient records from 41 stand-alone children's hospitals and identified all hospitalized patients younger than 25 years with a discharge diagnosis of SVT between January 2003 and September 2008.

Steroid use after the Kasai procedure for biliary atresia.

Background: The aim of this study was to describe patients undergoing the Kasai procedure at children's hospitals, evaluate outcomes, and analyze the association of these outcomes with systemic steroid use.

Methods: Biliary atresia patients (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code 751.61) who underwent Kasai procedures at freestanding children's hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System database from 2003 to 2008 were identified.

Outcomes in neonates with gastroschisis in U.S. children's hospitals.

Our objectives are to report patient characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes for gastroschisis patients and analyze factors associated with mortality and sepsis. Using Pediatric Health Information System data, we examined neonates with both an International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision diagnosis (756.79) and procedure (54.