Soluble ST2 as a Biomarker for Predicting Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) superfamily, is recognized as an important biomarker in inflammatory responses and cardiovascular diseases. Elevated serum levels of sST2 have prognostic value, particularly in cases of cardiac stress such as heart failure and acute pulmonary embolism (APE). We aimed to assess ST2 levels as a potential biomarker for right heart dysfunction in APE patients, particularly in the context of its limited predictive value for mortality and risk stratification.

As shown hesperidin suppresses TGF-β2-induced proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial cells.

This study investigates the potential therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of hesperidin treatment on cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, key stages of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) were treated with 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) alone or in combination with 1.56 μM hesperidin for 48 h.

Consensus Report on Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists as Adjunctive Treatment for Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Using an Automated Insulin Delivery System.

With increasing prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular diseases, there is a growing interest in the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) as an adjunct therapy in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The GLP-1RAs are currently not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of T1D in the absence of randomized controlled trials documenting efficacy and safety of these agents in this population. The Diabetes Technology Society convened a series of three consensus meetings of clinicians and researchers with expertise in diabetes technology, GLP-1RA therapy, and T1D management.

Evaluation of silent brain injury in patients undergoing aorto-ostial coronary stent implantation.

Background: Aorto-ostial (AO) coronary interventions may be associated with multiple problems, including the potential embolization of atherothrombotic debris into the aorta and systemic circulation. Such embolization could theoretically lead to stroke or silent brain injury (SBI). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is an increased risk of SBI in patients undergoing AO stent implantation.

Modeling Metformin and Dapagliflozin Pharmacokinetics in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complication of diabetes that affects circulating drug concentrations and elimination of drugs from the body. Multiple drugs may be prescribed for treatment of diabetes and co-morbidities, and CKD complicates the pharmacotherapy selection and dosing regimen. Characterizing variations in renal drug clearance using models requires large clinical datasets that are costly and time-consuming to collect.

Comparative neuroprotective effects of royal jelly and its unique compound 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid on ischemia-induced inflammatory, apoptotic, epigenetic and genotoxic changes in a rat model of ischemic stroke.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of royal jelly (RJ) and its major fatty acid 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) on ischemic stroke-related pathologies using histological and molecular approaches.

Methods: Male rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) to induce ischemic stroke and were supplemented daily with either vehicle (control group), RJ or 10-HDA for 7 days starting on the day of surgery. On the eighth day, rats were sacrificed and brain tissue and blood samples were obtained to analyze brain infarct volume, DNA damage as well as apoptotic, inflammatory and epigenetic parameters.

The Role of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value in Determining the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in NSTEMI Patients.

Background: Even though medication and interventional therapy have improved the death rate for non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients, these patients still have a substantial residual risk of cardiovascular events. Early identification of high-risk individuals is critical for improving prognosis, especially in this patient group. The focus of recent research has switched to finding new related indicators that can help distinguish high-risk patients.

Evaluation of the effect of intravitreal injections on corneal epithelial, scleral and limbal region changes in diabetic retinopathy by AS-OCT.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of diabetic retinopathy and intravitreal injections on the corneal, limbal and scleral areas.

Methods: Patients with diabetes mellitus at different diagnosis and treatment levels were compared among themselves and with the control group in terms of corneal, limbal and scleral aspects with the help of anterior segment optical coherence tomography. In addition, clinical tests such as tear break-up time, Schirmer test-I and ocular surface disease index questionnaire were applied to the patients and the difference between the groups was investigated.

Retrospective Analysis of Patients Diagnosed with Brain Death in Our Hospital in the Last 15 Years.

Objectives: Retrospective analysis of cases diagnosed with brain death in our hospital in the last 15 years.

Methods: The files and computer records of the cases diagnosed with brain death in the intensive care units of our hospital between January 2008 and January 2023 were evaluated retrospectively. The demographic data of the cases, the primary disease leading to brain death, the complementary tests used in the diagnosis of brain death, the day on which brain death was diagnosed in the intensive care unit, and the donor status were examined.

The Effects of Smoking in Patients in the Intensive Care Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to see the effects of smoking prevalence, the length of stay regarding the usage of cigarettes, and the effects on the mortality of COVID-19 in our Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Methods: This is a retrospective single-centered study that was done in the ICU on patients with COVID-19 between 16th of March and 16 of May in 2020. The demographic data, comorbidity status, the units they were accepted from, clinical symptoms, respiratory support, prevalence of smoking, length of stay in the ICU, and mortalities of the patients were recorded.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Improving Glycemic Control in Diabetes: Best Practices, Pitfalls, and Opportunities.

Objective: Artificial intelligence and machine learning are transforming many fields including medicine. In diabetes, robust biosensing technologies and automated insulin delivery therapies have created a substantial opportunity to improve health. While the number of manuscripts addressing the topic of applying machine learning to diabetes has grown in recent years, there has been a lack of consistency in the methods, metrics, and data used to train and evaluate these algorithms.

Multivariable Automated Insulin Delivery System for Handling Planned and Spontaneous Physical Activities.

Background: closed-loop control of glucose levels in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is limited by the requirements on users to manually announce physical activity (PA) and meals to the artificial pancreas system. Multivariable automated insulin delivery (mvAID) systems that can handle unannounced PAs and meals without any manual announcements by the user can improve glycemic control by modulating insulin dosing in response to the occurrence and intensity of spontaneous physical activities.

Methods: An mvAID system is developed to supplement the glucose measurements with additional physiological signals from a wristband device, with the signals analyzed using artificial intelligence algorithms to automatically detect the occurrence of PA and estimate its intensity.

A Different Scintigraphic Perspective on the Systolic Function of the Left Ventricle-1.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the systolic part of the left ventricular (LV) volume curve obtained by gated myocardial perfusion imaging with the formula used in exponential decay and to investigate the clinical value of the results.

Methods: One hundred fifty eight patients were retrospectively enrolled in the study. The study group was divided into three groups as normal, ischemia, and infarct.

The effect of High-Dose Vitamin C Treatment for Acute Respiratory Failure Due to Coronavirus Disease Pneumonia on Mortality and Length of Intensive Care Stay: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: In our study, we aimed to determine the effect of vitamin C on short-term mortality and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) followed up in the ICU.

Methods: The patients who received and those who did not receive the high-dose intravenous vitamin C protocol were assigned to the treatment and control groups, respectively. The primary study findings in both groups were length of ICU stay and short-term mortality, while the secondary findings were vasopressor and invasive mechanical ventilation requirements and change in sequential organ failure assessment score from the 0 to the 96th hour.

Rheological and quality properties of tiger nut containing biscuit dough baked in IR-MW combination oven.

Background: The effects of replacing part of the rice flour (RF) with tiger nut flour (TNF) were studied in gluten-free biscuits. A control biscuit dough containing RF only and five formulations containing 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% tiger nut flour on a flour basis (10TNF, 20TNF, 30TNF, 40TNF, and 50TNF) were prepared. The rheological and quality properties of biscuits baked both in conventional and infrared-microwave combination (IR-MW) ovens were determined.

Comparison of Computed Tomography-Based Artificial Intelligence Modeling and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Cholesteatoma.

Background: In this study, we aimed to compare the success rates of computed tomography image-based artificial intelligence models and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of preoperative cholesteatoma.

Methods: The files of 75 patients who underwent tympanomastoid surgery with the diagnosis of chronic otitis media between January 2010 and January 2021 in our clinic were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were classified into the chronic otitis group without cholesteatoma (n=34) and the chronic otitis group with cholesteatoma (n=41) according to the presence of cholesteatoma at surgery.

Observational Study of Glycemic Impact of Anticipatory and Early-Race Athletic Competition Stress in Type 1 Diabetes.

Athletic competitions and the associated psychological stress are a challenge for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study aims to understand the influence of anticipatory and early race competition stress on blood glucose concentrations and to identify personality, demographic, or behavioral traits indicative in the scope of the impact. Ten recreational athletes with T1D competed in an athletic competition and an exercise-intensity matched non-competition "training" session for comparison.

Meal and Physical Activity Detection from Free-living Data for Discovering Disturbance Patterns to Glucose Levels in People with Diabetes.

Objective: Interpretation of time series data collected in free-living has gained importance in chronic disease management. Some data are collected objectively from sensors and some are estimated and entered by the individual. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), blood glucose concentration (BGC) data measured by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems and insulin doses administered can be used to detect the occurrences of meals and physical activities and generate the personal daily living patterns for use in automated insulin delivery (AID).

The current state and future of mobile security in the light of the recent mobile security threat reports.

Smartphones have become small computers that meet many of our needs, from e-mail and banking transactions to communication and social media use. In line with these attractive functions, the use of smartphones has greatly increased over the years. One of the most important features of these mobile devices is that they offer users many mobile applications that they can install.

A review of 10 × 10 and 20 × 20 grid-type wind turbine placement problems solving by metaheuristics.

Wind energy is the most important renewable energy source produced by wind turbines. The optimal placement of wind turbines is a challenging binary optimization problem. Maximizing production capacity and minimizing the number of turbines (accordingly minimizing the installation cost) are the main objectives.

Adaptive Personalized Prior-Knowledge-Informed Model Predictive Control for Type 1 Diabetes.

This work considers the problem of adaptive prior-informed model predictive control (MPC) formulations that explicitly incorporate prior knowledge in the model development and is robust to missing data in the output measurements. The proposed prediction model is based on a latent variables model to extract glycemic dynamics from highly-correlated data and incorporates prior knowledge of exponential stability to improve the prediction ability. Missing data structures are formulated to enable model predictions when output measurements are missing for short periods of time.

A physical activity-intensity driven glycemic model for type 1 diabetes.

Background And Objective: The glucose response to physical activity for a person with type 1 diabetes (T1D) depends upon the intensity and duration of the physical activity, plasma insulin concentrations, and the individual physical fitness level. To accurately model the glycemic response to physical activity, these factors must be considered.

Methods: Several physiological models describing the glycemic response to physical activity are proposed by incorporating model terms proportional to the physical activity intensity and duration describing endogenous glucose production (EGP), glucose utilization, and glucose transfer from the plasma to tissues.

Clinical behaviour of papillary thyroid cancer oncocytic variant: stage-matched comparison versus classical and tall cell variant papillary thyroid cancer.

Objective: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has many variants and most of them are mild tumors. Oncocytic variant (OV) is a rare subtype of PTC. There are controversial results about its prognosis in the literature.

Thrombospondin 1 and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathways in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the circulating thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in order to integrate these signaling pathways in the inflammatory and fibrogenic processes of this liver disorder.

Methods: Ninety-five NAFLD patients were recruited in the study. The study also included 83 age-sex matched healthy controls.