Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2022.

Objective: To provide comprehensive epidemiological information about the distribution and occurrence of rabies during 2022 in the US, Canada, and Mexico.

Methods: The US National Rabies Surveillance System collected 2022 animal rabies data from US state and territorial public health departments and USDA Wildlife Services. Temporal and geographic analyses were conducted to evaluate trends in animal rabies cases.

Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2021.

Objective: To provide epidemiological information on the occurrence of animal and human rabies in the US during 2021 and summaries of 2021 rabies surveillance for Canada and Mexico.

Procedures: State and territorial public health departments and USDA Wildlife Services provided data on animals submitted for rabies testing in 2021. Data were analyzed temporally and geographically to assess trends in domestic animal and wildlife rabies cases.

Effects of supplementing different ratios of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in western-style diets on cow's milk protein allergy in a mouse model.

Scope: This study investigated the effects of supplementing different ratios of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids (O6H = 10:1, O3O6 = 4:1, and O3H = 1:4) to western-style diets on cow β-lactoglobulin (BLG) induced allergic reactions in Balb/c mice.

Methods And Results: Three-week-old mice were randomly assigned to three diet groups (n = 20/group). At 9 wk of age, half of the mice from each dietary treatment (n = 10) were intraperitoneally (i.

Low doses of allergen and probiotic supplementation separately or in combination alleviate allergic reactions to cow β-lactoglobulin in mice.

Probiotic supplementation and oral tolerance induction can reduce certain types of food allergy. The objectives of this study were to investigate the allergy-reducing effects of probiotics (VSL#3) and/or oral tolerance induction via low doses of an allergen supplementation in β-lactoglobulin (BLG)-sensitized mice. Three-week-old, male BALB/c mice were divided into 6 groups (n = 8/group): sham-sensitized negative control (CTL-), BLG-sensitized positive control (CTL+), oral tolerance-induced and BLG-sensitized group (OT), probiotic-supplemented OT group (OTP), probiotic-supplemented CTL- (PRO), and probiotic-supplemented and BLG-sensitized (PROC) groups.

Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supplementation on cow's milk allergy in a mouse model.

Background: Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most prevalent human food-borne allergies, particularly in infants and young children from developed countries. Our study aims to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) administration on CMA development using whole cow's milk proteins (CMP) sensitized Balb/C mice by two different sensitization methods.

Methods: LGG supplemented mice were either sensitized orally with CMP and cholera toxin B-subunit (CTB) as adjuvant, or intraperitoneally (IP) with CMP but without the adjuvant.