Pubertal stage significantly and independently impacts C-peptide levels at type 1 diabetes diagnosis along with body mass index and age.

Unlabelled: Assessment of beta-cell function in type 1 diabetes (T1D) has important implications in both clinical and research settings. Studies demonstrating the extent to which puberty influences C-peptide levels are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of pubertal stage, along with age and body mass index (BMI), on multiple C-peptide measures at T1D diagnosis.

A Little Known but Very Common Phenotype in Patients with Severe Congenital Neutropenia due to HAX1 Deficiency: Premature Ovarian Insufficiency.

Background: Autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) has been associated with homozygous variants in the HAX1 gene. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the gonadal function and pubertal development in pediatric patients with SCN due to HAX1 gene variant (HAX1-SCN).

Methods: Forty-five patients, including 24 females (median age 11.

Extremely rare cause of hyperkalemia: ileostomy‒induced hyperkalemia in extremely low birth weight infants.

Background: Hyperkalemia is one of the most serious electrolyte disturbances, and it can cause lethal cardiac arrhythmia. Although hyperkalemia associated with ileostomies has been reported in adults, to the best of our knowledge, it has not previously been reported in neonates.

Case: We report ileostomy‒induced hyperkalemia that persisted during the ileostomy and resolved promptly after the closure of the ileostomy in two extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, with birth weights of 850 g and 840 g and gestational ages of 27 weeks and 27 weeks 6 days.

Online health information on thyroid nodules: do patients understand them?

Background: Given the lack of a previous study assessing understandability and considering there is only one study assessing the readability and quality of online information related to thyroid nodules, we aimed to assess the readability, understandability, and quality of online patient education materials on thyroid nodules.

Methods: Materials were identified through an online search performed by inputting the term "thyroid nodule" into Google. A total of 150 websites were identified, 59 met the inclusion criteria.

De novo Pure Partial Trisomy 6p Associated with Facial Dysmorphism, Developmental Delay, Brain Anomalies, and Primary Congenital Hypothyroidism.

Introduction: Partial trisomy 6p is a rare chromosomal anomaly, characterized by low birth weight, developmental delay, craniofacial abnormalities, feeding difficulties, congenital heart defects, and renal abnormalities. Some of the partial trisomy 6p cases reported in the literature included partial monosomy of another chromosome. This is often due to the fact that one of the parents is a balanced translocation carrier, thereby making it difficult to determine the genotype-phenotype relationship.

Intrathyroidal ectopic thymus: an important entity in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Background: Intrathyroidal ectopic thymus (IET), a benign lesion due to aberrant thymic migration during embryogenesis, is often discovered incidentally. We aimed to present the ultrasound (US) features, diagnostic methods, and follow-up of IET in children and adolescents.

Methods: We searched our database of patients with a nodular thyroid lesion detected by US, between January 2007 and December 2019.

A Long-Term Comparison of Presenting Characteristics of Children with Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) - a potentially preventable complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) - is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases, and is associated with a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. The limited use of healthcare services due to fear of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) transmission during the pandemic has raised concerns of delays in T1D diagnosis, among other diseases. This study investigated the presenting characteristics of newly diagnosed T1D patients assessed in a single clinic during the pandemic and compares them with the pre-pandemic period.

Corticosteroid-induced sinus bradycardia in a young boy with adrenal insufficiency and sepsis.

The literature does not commonly describe cardiac rhythm disturbances, including bradycardia, in patients who are receiving corticosteroids, and the exact mechanism of such disturbances remains unknown. Herein, we present a case of sinus bradycardia associated with stress-dose corticosteroid therapy. A nine-year-old boy with a history of panhypopituitarism was admitted with gastroenteritis and pneumonia and developed septic shock on the day of admission.

Partial remission in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: an analysis based on the insulin dose-adjusted hemoglobin A1c.

Objectives: Most patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) experience a transient phase of partial remission (PR). This study aimed to identify the demographic and clinical factors associated with PR.

Methods: This was a longitudinal retrospective cohort study of 133 children and adolescents with T1D.

Clinical, sonographical, and pathological findings of pediatric thyroid nodules.

Thyroid nodules are less frequent in children than in adults. A higher rate of malignancy is highlighted in this group. We aimed to analyze the clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound (US) findings of children and adolescents with benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein Level as a Tool in Identification of Early Cardiac Effects of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Objective: This study aimed to measure the serum levels of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) in patients presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and diabetic ketosis (DK) and to determine its role in identifying early-period cardiac ischemia.

Methods: This prospective study included 35 patients diagnosed with DKA, 20 patients diagnosed with DK, and 20 control subjects. H-FABP, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and troponin I levels were investigated at presentation in patients with DKA and DK and in the control group.

The Relationship between Metabolic Parameters, Cardiac Parameters and MIC-1/GDF15 in Obese Children.

Childhood obesity which is a predictor of adulthood obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, coronary artery diseases and subclinical inflammation. Growth differentiation factor-15, also known as macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1/GDF15) is a member of the transforming growth factor- β super family and increases during inflammatory states. Adults with obesity have increased serum concentrations of MIC-1/GDF15.

Effects of Prednisolone, L-Asparaginase, Gemfibrozil, and Combinations of These Elements on Mice Lipid Profile, Liver, and Pancreas.

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of L-asparaginase (L-ASP), corticosteroids (CSs), and antilipidemics, separately and in combination, on the lipid profiles and the liver and pancreas histology in mice. This study included 8 groups of 7 mice each. Before any drug administration, serum samples were taken from all of the mice.

Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne syndrome with rhabdomyolysis and increased creatinine.

Association of Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne syndrome-a myopathy of hypothyroidism in childhood characterized by muscular hypertrophy, with rhabdomyolysis is very rare. We present a case of Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne syndrome with rhabdomyolysis secondary to Hashimoto's thyroiditis. He had muscular symptoms simulating poly/dermatomyositis, massively elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels and high creatinine levels.

Chondrocalcinosis related to familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis.

Calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease (also known as chondrocalcinosis, CC) is a rare metabolic arthropathy mostly seen in elderly patients. Chondrocalcinosis may be associated with metabolic diseases such as hypomagnesemia when it occurs in young people. We report here a case with hypomagnesemia due to familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) who developed CC during clinical follow-up.

Growth patterns of children of same geographic background reared in different environments.

Objective: Growth charts are essential tools used to assess children's health status. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of environmental factors on the growth of children of a common geographic background. We constructed growth charts for children living in the East of Turkey and compared them with those for Turkish children living in other regions or countries.

Marine-Lenhart syndrome in a young girl.

Graves' disease is the most common reason of hyperthyroidism in children. Graves' disease with accompanying functioning nodules is defined as Marine-Lenhart syndrome. This syndrome has not been described in children before.

Decidual cast after discontinuation of oral contraceptives use in a young girl.

Background: The differential diagnosis of tissue passed per vagina in a young girl includes aborted pregnancy, rhabdomyosarcoma, polyp, and very rarely decidual cast.

Case: A 10-year-old girl using oral contraceptives for menorrhagia presented with a decidual cast after discontinuing the drug. Symptoms disappeared during clinical follow-up without any intervention.