Massive inguinoscrotal bladder hernia causing hydronephrosis: Two cases.

• Complete bladder herniation are very rare compared to incomplete bladder herniation. • Massive scrotal cystocele is usually defined with voiding symptoms. • CT, ultrasonography and retrograde cystogram should be performed to determine the involvement of the bladder in cases of massive inguinoscrotal hernias.

Miliary tuberculosis disease complicated by Pott's abscess in an infant: Seven year follow-up.

A 20-month-old boy presented with 1-year history of persistent fever, cough, and progressive abdominal distention. Abdominal ultrasonography showed hepatomegaly and multiple calcifications in the liver and spleen. Thoracic computed tomography showed multiple mediastinal lymph nodes and consolidation in both lungs.

An interesting fistula tract presenting with recurrent gluteal abscess: instructive case.

A fistula extending from the gluteus to penis is an extremely rare entity. In this paper, we have highlighted novel variant of congenital penile to gluteal fistula complicated with gluteal and penoscrotal abscess in a previously healthy boy. A fistulous tract extending from the gluteus to penis has been shown by fistulogram.

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura During Maintenance Phase of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Rare Coexistence Requiring a High Degree of Suspicion, a Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Thrombocytopenia may develop in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) due to myelosuppression of chemotherapy or relapse. Here we report a pediatric patient with ALL whose platelet counts decreased at the 102nd week of maintenance treatment. Thrombocytopenia was refractory to platelet infusions and bone marrow aspiration revealed remission status for ALL along with increased megakaryocytes.

Surgical Treatment of Hip Instability in Patients With Lower Lumbar Level Myelomeningocele: Is Muscle Transfer Required?

Background: Treatment of hip instability in patients with lower lumbar level myelomeningocele is clinically challenging. Muscle transfer procedures, release of contractures, and intertrochanteric varus-rotation osteotomies have been described to restore weak or absent abductor strength as well as relocation of the hip. However, controlled trials evaluating hip instability in lower lumbar myelomeningocele are limited in the current literature.

Hip Instability in Down Syndrome: A Focus on Acetabular Retroversion.

Background: The aim of this study is to compare acetabular anteversion between children with Down syndrome with or without hip instability. The second aim is to report the surgical experience at our institution in treating unstable hips for this population.

Methods: All children with Down syndrome who were seen at our institution between 2004 and 2014 were reviewed, and those who had pelvic axial computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging scans were identified.

Voriconazole-associated visual disturbances and hallucinations.

Voriconazole is a second-generation azole widely used for the prevention and treatment of fungal infection in leukemia patients. Voriconazole is considered the primary antifungal agent for invasive aspergillosis. We report a case of 16-year-old girl who developed visual disturbance and visual and auditory hallucinations after intravenous voriconazole treatment for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

In Vivo confocal microscopic changes of the corneal epithelium and stroma in patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

Purpose: To analyze the density and morphology of corneal epithelial cells and keratocytes by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) in patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) as associated with corneal innervation.

Design: Prospective, controlled and masked cross-sectional study.

Methods: setting: Single-center study.

Serum cytokine levels in patients with colorectal cancers according to tumor stages and VEGF gene polymorphism.

Background/aims: Colorectal cancers are the most common cancers of the gastrointestinal system. A significant relationship was detected between the metastasis and tumor angiogenesis of colorectal cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between some cytokines and tumor stages.

Carcinosarcoma of the thyroid gland.

Introduction. Surgeon has significant role in the management of such rare and controversial clinical entities related to thyroid gland. In this case report we have presented an elderly patient with rapid enlargement in thyroid that was related to carcinosarcoma.

Transient sinus bradycardia during the course of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in children.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute tick-borne viral zoonotic disease which is endemic in Turkey. Bradycardia has been reported among pediatric and adult patients with CCHF. But, it remains unclear, whether bradycardia is associated with ribavirin treatment or the severity of CCHF.

Cotreatment of congenital measles with vitamin a and intravenous immunoglobulin.

Although the measles vaccine has been part of routine national childhood vaccination programs throughout Europe, measles remains a public health concern. High numbers of cases and outbreaks have occurred throughout the European continent since 2011, and an increasing number of cases have been reported in Turkey since 2012. During a recent measles outbreak in Turkey, 2 pregnant women contracted measles prior to delivering preterm infants at Hacettepe University Hospital.

Neurobrucellosis in children: Case series from Turkey.

Background: Brucellosis is a multisystem disease that may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and complications. Neurobrucellosis is an uncommon and serious complication of pediatric brucellosis.

Methods: We describe seven cases of neurobrucellosis.

A case of brucellosis mimicking Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp. that is transmitted to humans by the ingestion of unpasteurized milk and other dairy products from infected animals or through close contact with secretions. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease caused by a virus that is transmitted to humans by ixoid tick bites, contact with blood and tissue of infected animals or contact with infected humans.

Emergency thyroidectomy: Due to acute respiratory failure.

Introduction: Giant cervical and mediastinal goiter may lead to acute respiratory failure caused by laryngotracheal compression and airway obstruction. Here, we present a case admitted to the emergency service with a giant goiter along with respiratory failure and poor general health status, which required urgent surgical intervention.

Presentation Of Case: A 71-year-old female admitted to the emergency room with shortness of breath and poor general health status resulting from a giant cervical swelling progressively increased during the last 7 years and constituted severe respiratory failure which has become severe in the last one month.

Bacteremia caused by Pseudomonas luteola in pediatric patients.

Pseudomonas luteola has rarely been reported as a human pathogen. The clinical manifestations of P. luteola bacteremia and its susceptibility to antibiotics have not been characterized.

Deep neck infections in children: experience in a tertiary care center in Turkey.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical presentations, diagnostic clues and management of deep neck infections (DNI) in pediatric patients. Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, predisposing factors, duration of symptoms before presentation, history of previous antibiotic use, duration of hospitalization, laboratory and radiographic evaluations, management, complications, and outcomes of 25 patients (19 male/6 female; mean age: 47.9±39.

Cholesterolosis in routine histopathological examination after cholecystectomy: what should a surgeon behold in the reports?

Introduction: Cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures. Postoperative investigation of cholecystectomy specimen has a great value since histopathological reports may document some entities with significant clinical consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between cholesterolosis and the reports indicating some histopathological alterations in symptomatic cholecystitis.

Marginal keratitis after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab.

Purpose: To report a case of marginal keratitis that developed after intravitreal ranibizumab injection.

Methods: A 56-year-old man with diffuse diabetic macular edema received intravitreal injection of ranibizumab into his right eye.

Results: One day after injection, the patient presented with pain, redness, tearing, and discomfort in his right eye.

Spontaneous splenic artery aneurysm rupture: mimicking acute myocardial infarct.

Spontaneous splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) is a rare but a life-threatening condition. Thus, early diagnoses may increase the chance of survival. A 52-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department with a pain that starts from the chest and epigastric region and radiates to back and left arm.

Evaluation of the Macular Choroidal Thickness Using Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography in Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the choroidal thickness (CT) in pseudoexfoliative (PEX) glaucoma and age-matched healthy subjects using spectral optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Patients And Methods: In this prospective study, 32 eyes of 32 PEX glaucoma patients and 30 eyes of 30 age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled. The CT is measured perpendicularly (from the outer edge of the hyperreflective retinal pigment epithelium to the inner sclera) at the fovea, and 1.