Psychosocial outcomes six months after epilepsy surgery: A perspective on coping strategies.

Objective: Epilepsy negatively affects the social functioning of patients. Epilepsy surgery is a treatment with superior rates of seizure freedom. The psychosocial outcomes after epilepsy surgery depend on several factors, including the patient's coping style.

Expansion of the Subcutaneous Compartment by Umbilicus Resection for Intrathecal Pump Placement: The "Karagoz-Hacivat Technique".

Background And Objectives: Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) for severe spasticity can encounter complications such as wound dehiscence and ulcers because of elevated intracompartmental pressure within the abdominal subcutaneous and subfascial pocket housing the pump. We propose an innovative technique to manage ITB wound ulcers.

Methods: Resecting the umbilicus create a more spacious and less tension-prone pocket for the ITB pump.

Imaging findings of intraventricular pilocytic astrocytoma.

Objective: The aim of this study is to present the clinical and imaging findings of 16 patients with intraventricular pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs).

Methods: 16 patients with histopathological diagnosis of intraventricular PA between February 2016 and January 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Imaging and clinical findings of the patients, as well as apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements were analyzed.

Vitamin D receptor regulates transcription of mitochondrial DNA and directly interacts with mitochondrial DNA and TFAM.

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is an essential transcription factor (TF) synthesized in different cell types. We hypothesized that VDR might also act as a mitochondrial TF. We conducted the experiments in primary cortical neurons, PC12, HEK293T, SH-SY5Y cell lines, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and human brain.

Outcome Predictors of Lesional Posterior Cortex Epilepsy Surgery.

Background: Lesional posterior cortex epilepsy (PCE) is often drug resistant and may benefit from surgical intervention. In this study, we aimed to identify potential predictive factors associated with seizure recurrence after epilepsy surgery in lesional PCE.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with PCE who underwent surgery between 1998 and 2021.

Factors Affecting Seizure Outcomes After Surgery for Cavernoma Related Epilepsy.

Aim: To present one of the largest retrospective cavernoma related epilepsy (CRE) studies which include divergent supratentorial locations operated and followed up at least 2 years. We also investigated the factors affecting the seizure outcome.

Material And Methods: This study includes a total of 56 patients with drug-responsive (n=40) and drug-resistant (n=16) CRE who underwent resective surgery.

Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Intractable Epilepsy.

Aim: To investigate and compare the efficacy and safety of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy in different types of epilepsy.

Material And Methods: Patients, who were implanted with VNS between the years 2005 and 2020, were retrospectively included in the study. Age, gender, age at seizure onset, epilepsy types, VNS implantation year, replacement year, pre and post-VNS seizure frequency, number of responders, number of antiseizure medication and adverse events were recorded.

A novel insight into differential expression profiles of sporadic cerebral cavernous malformation patients with different symptoms.

Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a vascular lesion of the central nervous system that may lead to distinct symptoms among patients including cerebral hemorrhages, epileptic seizures, focal neurologic deficits, and/or headaches. Disease-related mutations were identified previously in one of the three CCM genes: CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3. However, the rate of these mutations in sporadic cases is relatively low, and new studies report that mutations in CCM genes may not be sufficient to initiate the lesions.

Ultrastructural investigation of synaptic alterations in the rat hippocampus after irradiation and hyperthermia.

This study aimed to investigate ultrastructural synaptic alterations in rat hippocampus after in utero exposure to irradiation (IR) and postnatal exposure to hyperthermia (HT). There were four groups in each of the time points (3 and 6 months). IR group: Pregnant rats were exposed to radiation on the 17 gestational day.

Evaluation of Ideal Extent of Corpus Callosotomy Based on the Location of Intracallosal Motor Fibers.

Background: The corpus callosotomy (CCT) has been reported as an effective procedure to alleviate drop attacks. However, the extent of CCT remains debatable. Classical studies suggest that motor fibers traverse mainly through the anterior half of the corpus callosum (CC), although recent diffusion tensor imaging studies described that motor fibers crossed the CC in a more posterior location, emphasizing the posterior midbody and the isthmus.

Immediate versus delayed primary repair of the sciatic nerve in a nerve transaction model in rats.

Background: The debate continues concerning surgical timing in a peripheral nerve injury. This study aims to evaluate the result of immediate versus delayed primary (after seven days) repair of peripheral nerve injury.

Methods: In this study, Wistar rats were divided into four groups as follows: The nerve was sharply transected in Group 1, 2 and 4.

C6-T1 Intradural Extramedullary Ventral Meningeal Melanocytoma Resected Via Anterior Corpectomy with Reconstruction.

Background: Melanocytic lesions of the nervous system are thought to arise from leptomeningeal melanocytes, which are derived from neural crest and include diffuse melanocytosis, melanocytomas, and malignant melanomas. Meningeal melanocytomas are extremely rare benign lesions. The usual treatment of intradural extramedullary melanocytomas involves surgical removal through a posterior approach using a laminectomy or laminotomy.

Surgical management of spinal intramedullary tumors: Ten-year experience in a single institution.

Despite their rare occurrence, intramedullary spinal cord tumors can cause considerable morbidity and mortality without treatment. Timing of surgery, extent of resection and selection of favorable treatment option are important considerations for a good surgical outcome. In this clinical study, we report our patient series and convey our treatment strategy.

Machine learning-based quantitative texture analysis of conventional MRI combined with ADC maps for assessment of IDH1 mutation in high-grade gliomas.

Purpose: To assess the performance of texture analysis of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in predicting IDH1 status in high-grade gliomas (HGG).

Materials And Methods: A total of 142 patients with HGG were included in the study. IDH1 mutation was present in 48 of 142 HGG (33.

Spinal Vascular Malformations: Treatment and Outcome.

Background: Vascular malformations of the spinal cord are a rare and complex clinical entity and can lead to severe morbidity with progressive spinal cord symptoms if not treated properly. In early stages, the disease is characterized by slowly progressive, nonspecific symptoms, such as gait disturbance, paresthesia, diffuse sensory symptoms, and radicular pain; in the late stages, bowel and bladder incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and urinary retention may develop. In recent decades, understanding and treatment of spinal vascular malformations have improved with the evolution of diagnostic tools and treatment modalities; however, it is still difficult to manage these cases because of the complexity of the pathology.

An Exceptional Neurosurgical Presentation of a Patient with Osteopetrosis.

Background: Osteopetrosis (OP) is a varied clinical condition caused by malfunction or insufficient development of osteoclasts, or both. Neurologic findings can occur because of osteopetrotic conditions restricting neural foramina through which the spinal cord, cranial nerves, or major vascular structures traverse the skull. Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a well-documented condition with OP.

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours: clinical, radiological, pathological features and outcome.

Object: To analyse the clinical, imaging and histopathological data of patients who were diagnosed to have Dysembrioplastic Neuroepithelial Tumour (DNET) and underwent surgery between 1995-2015.

Materials And Methods: Age at seizure onset, age at surgery, gender, disease duration, seizure outcome of 44 patients were analysed together with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of 21 patients. MRI types were classified as type 1 (cystic/polycystic-like, well-delineated, strongly hypointense T1), type 2 (nodularlike,heterogeneous), type 3 (dysplastic-like, iso/hyposignal T1, poor delineation, gray-white matter blurring).

Microsurgical anatomy of the subthalamic nucleus: correlating fiber dissection results with 3-T magnetic resonance imaging using neuronavigation.

Objective: Despite the extensive use of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) as a deep brain stimulation (DBS) target, unveiling the extensive functional connectivity of the nucleus, relating its structural connectivity to the stimulation-induced adverse effects, and thus optimizing the STN targeting still remain challenging. Mastering the 3D anatomy of the STN region should be the fundamental goal to achieve ideal surgical results, due to the deep-seated and obscure position of the nucleus, variable shape and relatively small size, oblique orientation, and extensive structural connectivity. In the present study, the authors aimed to delineate the 3D anatomy of the STN and unveil the complex relationship between the anatomical structures within the STN region using fiber dissection technique, 3D reconstructions of high-resolution MRI, and fiber tracking using diffusion tractography utilizing a generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI) model.

Intrathecal gadolinium-enhanced MR cisternography in patients with otorhinorrhea: 10-year experience of a tertiary referral center.

Purpose: Despite a considerable amount of literature that has been published about the use of intrathecal gadolinium-enhanced MR cisternography (IGE-MRC), there is still relatively lack of evidence as to its long-term effects. Our purpose in this study was twofold: firstly, to assess the long-term safety of the IGE-MRC; secondly, to evaluate the diagnostic performance of IGE-MRC for detecting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in otorhinorrhea patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our imaging and clinical database for the patients admitted to our department for the evaluation of their otorhinorrhea between 2008 and 2017.

Comparison of clinical features and surgical outcome in focal cortical dysplasia type 1 and type 2.

Introduction: Recent ILAE classification defined focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) patients with accompanying epileptic lesions as a separate group. We investigated data of patients with sole FCD lesions regarding long-term seizure outcome and different characteristics of FCD type 1 and type 2 patients.

Methods: Eighty children and adult patients underwent surgery for FCD were included to the analysis of factors differentiating FCD type 1 and type 2 groups and their effect on long-term outcome.

Seizure Outcome of Patients with Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Negative Epilepsies: Still An Ongoing Debate.

Background: Surgical results regarding MRI-negative epilepsy were presented and related clinical and histopathological parameters were discussed.

Methods: Thirty-six MRI-negative epilepsy patients were retrospectively analyzed. Histopathological specimens were re-reviewed by 2 blind neuropathologists and re-classified based on the current classifications.

Endoscopic Endonasal Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Repair on the Ventral Midline Skull Base: A Single Neurosurgical Center Experience.

Aim: To present the results of endoscopic endonasal repair of ventral midline skull base cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak (VMSBL) at our institution and to discuss the technique and results from a neurosurgical perspective.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis of all VMSBL cases that underwent endoscopic endonasal skull base approach (EESBA) for CSF leak repair at a single tertiary neurosurgical center was performed. Twenty six patients with an average age of 44.