Investigation of the Anticarcinogenic Effects of Hypericum perforatum Extract on Human Thyroid Cancer.

Introduction/objective: Plants and their bioactive compounds play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry for treating cancer. To date, the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of Hypericum perforatum methanol extract on human thyroid cancer cell lines have not been thoroughly explored. The present study aimed to assess the potential anti-cancer effects of HPME on human thyroid cancer and investigate its potential therapeutic benefits.

Tannic acid elicits differential gene regulation in prostate cancer apoptosis.

Prostate cancer is a significant global health concern that requires innovative therapeutic investigations. Here, the potential anticancer properties of tannic acid were evaluated by examining its effects on apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. PC-3 and LnCaP prostate adeno carcinoma cells, along with PNT1A prostate control cells, were cultured and divided into untreated and tannic acid-treated groups.

Different duration of exposure to a pulsed magnetic field can cause changes in mRNA expression of apoptotic genes in oleic acid-treated neuroblastoma cells.

Purpose: Neuroblastoma, a prevalent childhood tumor, poses significant challenges in therapeutic interventions, especially for high-risk cases. This study aims to fill a crucial gap in our understanding of neuroblastoma treatment by investigating the potential molecular impacts of short- and long-term pulsed magnetic field exposure on the neuronal apoptosis mechanism in an in vitro model of neuroblastoma treated with oleic acid (OA).

Materials And Methods: Cells were cultured and divided into six following experimental groups: (I) Nontreated group (NT); (II) OA-treated group (OA); (III) Group treated with OA after being exposed to the pulsed magnetic field for 15-min (15 min PEMF + OA); (IV) Group treated with OA after being exposed to the pulsed magnetic field for 12 h (12 h PEMF + OA); (V) Group exposed to the pulsed magnetic field for 15 min (15 min PEMF); and (VI) Group exposed to the pulsed magnetic field for 12 h (12 h PEMF).

Development of Highly Efficient Resistance to () in Sugar Beet () via CRISPR/Cas9 System.

Beet Curly Top Iran Virus (BCTIV, ) is a dominant and widespread pathogen responsible for great damage and yield reduction in sugar beet production in the Mediterranean and Middle East. CRISPR-based gene editing is a versatile tool that has been successfully used in plants to improve resistance against many viral pathogens. In this study, the efficiency of gRNA/Cas9 constructs targeting the expressed genes of BCTIV was assessed in sugar beet leaves by their transient expression.

Cytoprotective effects of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field against oxidative stress in glioblastoma cells.

The low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) may have possible cytoprotective effects against the destructive effects of oxidative stress. The goal was to investigate if shortterm low-frequency PEMF has cytoprotective effects in glioblastoma cell line following high-dose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment. U87-MG cells were divided into four groups: Sham-control group; PEMF group (cells exposed to PEMF); H2O2 group (cells treated with H2O2 at time intervals 30 min and 48 h, respectively); H2O2+PEMF group (cells exposed to PEMF after H2O2 treatment at time intervals 30 min and 48 h, respectively).

The Role of Acetylcholine on the Effects of Different Doses of Sulfite in Learning and Memory.

In this study, the effects of different doses of sulfite on learning, memory, and long term potentiation as well as the relationship of these effects with acetylcholine pathways, Arc and synapsin 1 levels were investigated. Sixty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups as control, S100, and S260. Sodiummetabisulfite (S100;100 mg/kg/day, S260;260 mg/kg/day) was given by oral administration.

Genome-based identification of beet curly top Iran virus infecting sugar beet in Turkey and investigation of its pathogenicity by agroinfection.

Beet curly top disease (BCTD) is a yield-limiting viral infection of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) throughout the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Two virus species, belonging to two different genera of the family Geminiviridae (Curtovirus and Becurtovirus) had been described as the disease's causative agents on sugar beet. Despite the detection of the BCTD in some sugar beet fields of Turkey sixty years ago, the genome based characterization of BCTD-associated viruses have not been studied previously.

Upregulation of p53 by tannic acid treatment suppresses the proliferation of human colorectal carcinoma.

The present study's objective is to clarify the molecular mechanisms of tannic acid effects on the viability of human colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Tannic acid is stable for up to 48 h and is localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus. It dose-dependently inhibited the viability of CRC cell lines; SW-620 and HT-29 with values of 7.

Possible effects of different doses of 2.1 GHz electromagnetic radiation on learning, and hippocampal levels of cholinergic biomarkers in Wistar rats.

The present study evaluated whether short-term exposure to different doses of 2.1 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) has different effects on rats' behaviour and hippocampal levels of central cholinergic biomarkers. Animals were divided into three equal groups namely; group 1 was sham-exposed group, group 2-3 were exposed to 45 V/m and 65 V/m doses of 2.

Relationship between the hippocampal expression of selected cytochrome P450 isoforms and the animal performance in the hippocampus-dependent learning task.

Despite very extensive studies on the molecular mechanisms of memory formation, relatively little is known about the molecular correlates of individual variation in the learning skills within a random population of young normal subjects. The role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in the brain also remains poorly understood. On the other hand, these enzymes are known to be related to the metabolism of substances important for neural functions including steroids, fatty acids, and retinoic acid.

α-Actinin Anchors PSD-95 at Postsynaptic Sites.

Despite the central role PSD-95 plays in anchoring postsynaptic AMPARs, how PSD-95 itself is tethered to postsynaptic sites is not well understood. Here we show that the F-actin binding protein α-actinin binds to the very N terminus of PSD-95. Knockdown (KD) of α-actinin phenocopies KD of PSD-95.

Effects of acute and chronic exposure to both 900 MHz and 2100 MHz electromagnetic radiation on glutamate receptor signaling pathway.

Purpose: To demonstrate the molecular effects of acute and chronic exposure to both 900 and 2100 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on the hippocampal level/activity of some of the enzymes - including PKA, CaMKIIα, CREB, and p44/42 MAPK - from N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-related signaling pathways.

Materials And Methods: Rats were divided into the following groups: sham rats, and rats exposed to 900 and 2100 MHz RF-EMR for 2 h/day for acute (1 week) or chronic (10 weeks), respectively. Western blotting and activity measurement assays were used to assess the level/activity of the selected enzymes.

Comparison of spatial learning in the partially baited radial-arm maze task between commonly used rat strains: Wistar, Spargue-Dawley, Long-Evans, and outcrossed Wistar/Sprague-Dawley.

Strain-related differences in animals' cognitive ability affect the outcomes of experiments and may be responsible for discrepant results obtained by different research groups. Therefore, behavioral phenotyping of laboratory animals belonging to different strains is important. The aim of the present study was to compare the variation in allothetic visuospatial learning in most commonly used laboratory rat strains: inbred Wistar (W) and Sprague-Dawley (SD), outcrossed Wistar/Sprague-Dawley (W/SD), and outbred Long Evans (LE) rats.

Hippocampal levels of ChAT, PKA, phospho-PKA and phospho-CaMKIIα but not CaMKIIα positively correlate with spatial learning skills in rats.

Despite very extensive investigations on molecular processes underlying memory formation, there are very few studies examining potential differences in the brain biochemistry between "good" and "poor" learners belonging to a random population of young animals. In the present study, an attempt was made to correlate individual variation in spatial learning in young-adult Long-Evans rats with hippocampal levels of protein kinase A (PKA), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (CaMKIIα), and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Additionally, in order to indirectly estimate the activity of CaMKIIα and PKA, hippocampal levels of their phosphorylated forms (pCaMKIIα and pPKA) were assessed using Western blot technique.

Correlation between hippocampal levels of neural, epithelial and inducible NOS and spatial learning skills in rats.

In the present study, to better understand the role of different nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in hippocampus-dependent forms of learning, we examined the expression of neural, endothelial, and inducible NOS in the hippocampus of young-adult rats classified as "poor" and "good" learners on the basis of their performance in the partially baited 12-arm radial maze. Taking into consideration strain-dependent differences in learning skills and NOS expression, experiments were performed on two different lines of laboratory rats: the inbred Wistar (W) and the outcrossed Wistar/Spraque-Dawley (W/S) line. The hippocampal levels of NOS proteins were assessed by Western Blotting.