Increased intestinal-fatty acid binding protein in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Obesity is a traditional risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, recent studies reported that metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) exerts a higher risk of developing T2DM than metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) because of its higher state of insulin resistance. This may happen due to metabolic endotoxemia through gut dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability.

Simple anthropometric measures to predict visceral adipose tissue area in middle-aged Indonesian men.

The diagnosing of central obesity requires ethnic-specific cut-offs of waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). This study aims to develop formulas to predict visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area based on WC and BMI to determine the cut-off points of central obesity in Indonesia. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 32 middle-aged Indonesian men.

Challenges in the diagnosis of insulin resistance: Focusing on the role of HOMA-IR and Tryglyceride/glucose index.

Background And Aims: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) prevalence is increasing worldwide in line with the growing prevalence of obesity. The underlying mechanism of MS is insulin resistance which can be diagnosed by measuring Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and Triglyceride/Glucose (TyG) Index. This review will focus on comparing studies assessing the HOMA-IR and TyG index cut-off points.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation is a Promising Switch Therapy for Patients with Prior Failure of Infliximab in Crohn's Disease.

How to handle patients with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) failure was a common challenge to clinicians in Crohn's disease (CD). The present study is dedicated to clarifying whether fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could be a switch therapy for patients with prior failure of infiiximab (IFX) in CD in a long-term observation. Thirty-six patients with CD who had prior failure of IFX were recruited from January 2013 to December 2019.

Systematic review: the global incidence of faecal microbiota transplantation-related adverse events from 2000 to 2020.

Background: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective treatment in C. difficile infection (CDI) and is currently being investigated in other diseases. There is concern around the safety of FMT and that side effects or complications may be under-reported in the medical literature.

Alterations of Akkermansia muciniphila in the inflammatory bowel disease patients with washed microbiota transplantation.

Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising probiotic in the gut. This study aimed to determine the presence and abundance of Akkermansia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who underwent washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) in order to elucidate the relationship between its level and patients' clinical data and outcomes. A cohort of Chinese volunteers including 80 healthy controls (HC), 43 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 57 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) were recruited.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Ulcerative Colitis: The Optimum Timing and Gut Microbiota as Predictors for Long-Term Clinical Outcomes.

Introduction: The previous researches aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for ulcerative colitis (UC) in a short-term observation. The present study aimed to explore the optimum timing of FMT for maintaining the long-term clinical benefits and to target the gut microbiota that may help to predict the long-term success or failure of FMT in UC.

Methods: Two hundred two patients with UC were recruited from November 2012 to September 2018.

Awareness and attitude of fecal microbiota transplantation through transendoscopic enteral tubing among inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Background: Transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET) has been used in China as a novel delivery route for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) into the whole colon with a high degree of patient satisfaction among adults.

Aim: To explore the recognition and attitudes of FMT through TET in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: An anonymous questionnaire, evaluating their awareness and attitudes toward FMT and TET was distributed among IBD patients in two provinces of Eastern and Southwestern China.

Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Treatment for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract.

Background/aims: Endoscopic treatment (ET) has been applied for decades to treat subepithelial tumors, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, the efficacy of ET remains debatable. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of ET for GISTs in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Washed microbiota transplantation vs. manual fecal microbiota transplantation: clinical findings, animal studies and in vitro screening.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) by manual preparation has been applied to treat diseases for thousands of years. However, this method still endures safety risks and challenges the psychological endurance and acceptance of doctors, patients and donors. Population evidence showed the washed microbiota preparation with microfiltration based on an automatic purification system followed by repeated centrifugation plus suspension for three times significantly reduced FMT-related adverse events.

Asymptomatic esophageal glomus tumor: case report.

Glomus tumor (GT) is one of the rarest gastrointestinal soft tissue neoplasms. GT in the esophagus has been scarcely reported, and only less than ten cases have been reported. Herein, we report another case of asymptomatic esophageal GT.

Clinical Overview of GIST and Its Latest Management by Endoscopic Resection in Upper GI: A Literature Review.

Aims: To review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, assessment of risk of malignancy, and recent advances in management (mainly focusing on the role of endoscopic resection) of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) in upper GI.

Method: We searched Embase, Web of science, and PubMed databases from 1993 to 2018 by using the following keywords: "gastrointestinal stromal tumors," "GIST," "treatment," and "diagnosis." Additional papers were searched manually from references of the related articles.