A case of intravascular large B cell lymphoma with brain involvement mimicking progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a very rare form of extranodal lymphoma, characterized by the proliferation of neoplastic B cells within the lumen of small vessels. Due to its high aggressivity, for years the prognosis had been really poor with only anectodical cases of remission after traditional chemotherapy. More recently, new therapeutic protocols allowed a significant increase in overall survival.

High NESTIN Expression Marks the Endosteal Capillary Network in Human Bone Marrow.

Hematopoiesis is hosted, supported and regulated by a special bone marrow (BM) microenvironment known as "niche." BM niches have been classified based on micro-anatomic distance from the bone surface into "endosteal" and "central" niches. Whilst different blood vessels have been found in both BM niches in mice, our knowledge of the human BM architecture is much more limited.

Remote Sensing Applications in Coastal Areas.

Coastal areas are regions of remarkable relevance for humans, providing essential components for social and economic development from the local to the national scale [...

Painless lymphadenopathy, eosinophilia and nephrotic syndrome: a diagnostic challenge in an era of increased migration.

Kimura's disease is a rare chronic inflammatory condition of unknown cause that most frequently affects Asian adults. It is characterized by painless lymphadenopathy in the head and neck region and eosinophilia, often associated with nephrotic syndrome. Α young Asian male presented to our Department with œdema at the lower limbs and scrotum, retroauricular masses, eosinophilia and proteinuria.

Assessment of response to therapy in multiple myeloma by multiparameter flow cytometry. Usefulness of an eight-color single tube with monoclonal antibodies in dried formulation.

Objective: Multiparameter flow cytometry is considered the gold standard to evaluate minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma (MM) and patients in complete remission can achieve "Flow MRD-negative" status (i.e. immunophenotypically abnormal plasma cells not detectable).

The Combination of Rituximab and Bendamustine as First-Line Treatment Is Highly Effective in the Eradicating Minimal Residual Disease in Follicular Lymphoma: An Italian Retrospective Study.

R-Bendamustine is an effective treatment for follicular lymphoma (FL). Previous large trials demonstrated the prognostic role of the molecular minimal residual disease (MRD) during the most frequently adopted chemotherapeutic regimens, but there are not yet conclusive data about the effect of combination of rituximab (R) and bendamustine in terms of MRD clearance. Thus, the aim of this retrospective study was to assess if and in what extent the combination of rituximab and bendamustine would exert a significant reduction of the molecular disease in 48 previously untreated FL patients.

Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum of the External Auditory Canal.

BACKGROUND Ceruminous glands are modified apocrine glands, situated in the external auditory canal, that, together with sebaceous glands, produce cerumen, better known as ear wax. The neoplastic transformation of these structures is very rare and there have been few cases reported in the literature. CASE REPORT Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is one of the rarest tumors among benign tumors arising from the ceruminous glands.

Osteoid osteoma mimicking monoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a girl.

Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a benign osteogenic neoplasm, usually affecting children and young adults, that is typically characterized by nocturnal pain and response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. OO is frequently misdiagnosed because it mimics juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), bone infection or malignancy. Herein we report the case of a girl who presented with chronic monoarthritis of the knee mimicking JIA.

Unusual onset of a case of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis.

Background: Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare condition that commonly affects the clavicle and pelvis.

Case Presentation: We report here a case a 12 years old girl with CRMO arising with recurrent episodes of left supraorbital headache, followed by the appearance of a periorbital dyschromia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the skull and orbits revealed an important subacute inflammatory process.

Modifications in B-Lymphocyte Number and Phenotype in the Course of Pregnancy in a Woman with Persistent Polyclonal B-Cell Lymphocytosis: A Flow Cytometric Study.

Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) is a rare clinical condition, characterized by a persistent, generally moderate lymphocytosis, generally due to stimulation of central memory B-lymphocytes, and by a moderate increase of polyclonal IgM. In some patients, slight or moderate splenomegaly is observed. A variable percentage of circulating, bone marrow and splenic lymphocytes display an abnormal nucleus (generally bilobated) or are binucleated.

Kinetics of hematogones in bone marrow samples from patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas treated with rituximab-containing regimens: a flow cytometric study.

Treatment with rituximab, either alone or in combination with antiblastic drugs, causes significant depletion of circulating B-lymphocytes and modifications of B cell maturation in the bone marrow. In the present study, we analyzed the kinetics of hematogones in bone marrow samples from 55 patients suffering from non-Hodgkin lymphomas and treated with rituximab-containing regimens. Maturation arrest at the level of stage 2 hematogones, along with complete depletion of naïve, mature B-lymphocytes, was observed as short-term effects (2 months after completion of chemo-immunotherapy).

[Histoplasmosis: the multiple sides of an uncommon disease].

Disseminated histoplasmosis is an invasive fungal infection documented in patients with impaired cellular immunity coming from endemic areas (America, Asia, Africa). We report two cases of disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients paradigmatic of the multifaceted nature of the disease, which may be an expression either of an advanced state of immunosuppression or the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

Myelomatous meningitis evaluated by multiparameter flow cytometry : report of a case and review of the literature.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in multiple myeloma (MM) is uncommon. Among its possible presentations, leptomeningeal involvement of MM, also termed central nervous system myelomatosis (CNS-MM) is rare and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic plasma cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). So far, 187 cases of CNS-MM have been reported : the great majority of them were diagnosed by cytological assays and flow cytometry was used in only eight cases.

Cerebellar mass as a location of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

A 22-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was referred to our observation for headache, cervical pain and sopor. A computed tomography study revealed triventricular obstructive hydrocephalus due to a left cerebellar hyperdense mass impinging on the fourth ventricle. A magnetic resonance study demonstrated an area of hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, hypointensity on T1, restricted diffusivity and contrast enhancement involving the left hemispherical cerebellar cortex and the vermis and causing cerebellar herniation.

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry to Detect Hematogones and to Assess B-lymphocyte clonality in Bone Marrow Samples from Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas.

Hematogones are precursors of B-lymphocytes detected in small numbers in the bone marrow. Flow cytometry is the most useful tool to identify hematogones and, so far, 4-color methods have been published. In addition, flow cytometry is used in the diagnosis and follow-up of lymphomas.

Simultaneous presentation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia and multiple myeloma: multidisciplinary diagnosis, treatment and 30-month follow-up.

Waldenström macroglobulinemia and multiple myeloma are mature B-cell neoplasms deriving from post-germinal cells at different stages of differentiation. The simultaneous presentation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia and multiple myeloma in the same patient is a very rare phenomenon and, so far, only two cases have been described. We report the case of a 75-year Caucasian female patient, with a silent clinical history, who presented with anemia and two different monoclonal proteins (IgMκ and IgGκ).

Multiparameter immunophenotyping by flow cytometry as a diagnostic tool in multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.

Background: Immunophenotyping by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) provides relevant information about prognosis and minimal residual disease detection in multiple myeloma (MM) and might be used to distinguish MM from monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (MGUS).

Materials And Methods: We evaluated a possible usage of MFC to predict the differential diagnosis between MM and MGUS. One hundred consecutive patients were studied at diagnosis and underwent conventional diagnostic procedures.

Discordant lymphoma consisting of splenic mantle cell lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma involving the bone marrow and peripheral blood: a case report.

Introduction: Discordant lymphomas are rare entities characterized by the simultaneous presence of two distinct types of lymphomas in different anatomic sites. We describe a very rare case of simultaneous occurrence of splenic mantle cell lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma involving the bone marrow and peripheral blood.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 60-year-old asymptomatic Caucasian woman in whom discordant lymphomas were discovered when a slight lymphocytosis and a conspicuous splenomegaly were observed.

Randomised clinical trial: twice daily esomeprazole 40 mg vs. pantoprazole 40 mg in Barrett's oesophagus for 1 year.

Background: Barrett's oesophagus is regarded as the most important risk factor for development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. According to current guidelines, treatment should be limited to symptomatic Barrett's oesophagus.

Aim: To evaluate the expression of Ki67, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and apoptosis in Barrett's oesophagus after 12 months of double-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy.