Food circular economy and safety considerations in waste management of urban manufacturing side streams.

In food circular economy, the utilization of food manufacturing side streams (FMSS) offers significant potential instead of being discarded. However, reincorporating FMSS into the food value chain raises food safety concerns due to potential food hazards. This perspective explores food safety risks associated with circular management of FMSS by using a 'Quad-Modal hazard dynamic' approach with case studies.

Rapid classification of commercial teas according to their origin and type using elemental content with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy.

Unlabelled: The authenticity of tea has become more important to the industry while the supply chains become complex. The quality and price of tea produced in different regions varies greatly. Currently, a rapid analytical method for testing the geographical origin of tea is missing.