Structure-activity relationships of the intramolecular disulphide bonds in LEAP2, an antimicrobial peptide from Acrossocheilus fasciatus.

Background: The liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) plays a pivotal role in the host's immune response against pathogenic microorganisms. Numerous such antimicrobial peptides have recently been shown to mitigate infection risk in fish, and studying those harboured by the economically important fish Acrossocheilus fasciatus is imperative for enhancing its immune responses against pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, we cloned and sequenced LEAP2 cDNA from A.

An esculentin-1 homolog from a dark-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) possesses antibacterial and immunoregulatory properties.

Background: Esculentin-1, initially discovered in the skin secretions of pool frogs (Pelophylax lessonae), has demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity; however, its immunomodulatory properties have received little attention.

Results: In the present study, esculentin-1 cDNA was identified by analysing the skin transcriptome of the dark-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus). Esculentin-1 from this species (esculentin-1PN) encompasses a signal peptide, an acidic spacer peptide, and a mature peptide.

[Ecotoxicological effects of transgenic mCry1Ac maize (BT799) on zebrafish].

The safety of feed derived from genetically modified (GM) crops is one of the focuses of attention. To evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of transgenic mCry1Ac maize (BT799) on fish, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were fed extruded feeds containing either 20% GM maize (GMF) or its parental control maize (PF), GM maize meal (GMM) or its parental control maize meal (PMM), and a control commercial feed (CF), respectively. The growth performance, histopathology, reproduction, antioxidant enzyme activity and mRNA expression levels of sensitive protein in the liver were investigated over the course of a 98-day feeding trial.

Hydroxylation of thiacloprid by bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia CGMCC1.1788.

Chloropyridinyl neonicotinoid insecticides play a major role in crop protection and flea control on cats and dogs. Imidacloprid, thiacloprid and acetamiprid have in common the 6-chloro-3-pyridinylmethyl group but differ in the nitroguanidine or cyanoamidine substituent on an acyclic or cyclic moiety. Our previous study found that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia CGMCC 1.