A Comparison of the Fluoride 'Paint- On' vs Tray Application Techniques for Enamel Remineralisation.

Background: Fluoride gel treatment is not recommended for children < 6 years old due to its potential toxicity. Hence the aim of this study was to compare the effect of 1.23% acidulated-phosphate fluoride (APF) gel paint-on and the conventional tray application techniques on artificial, deciduous enamel carious lesions embedded on wearable appliances.

Partial pulpotomy success in primary molars followed up for 24 months: A randomized controlled clinical trial using mineral trioxide aggregate, biodentine, and acemannan.

Background: Finding the best treatment approach and suitable capping materials in primary molars with deep carious lesions remains unresolved.

Aim: To compare the success rates of partial pulpotomy in deep caries lesions in primary molars treated with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), biodentine, or acemannan for 6-24 months.

Design: A parallel-design, non-inferiority randomized controlled clinical trial was performed.

Material of choice for non-invasive treatment of dentin caries: An in vitro study using natural carious lesions.

Introduction: In community settings with limited dental personnel and equipment, and in an era when the aerosol transmission of infectious agents is on the rise, a non-invasive approach to caries management is critical. To provide information on non-invasive material selection, the aim of this study was to compare the remineralization effect of commonly used fluoride-containing materials, adjunctive to the everyday use of fluoride toothpaste (F-toothpaste), on primary tooth natural dentin caries.

Methods: Fifty-five specimens were randomly divided into five groups: 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF), 5% fluoride varnish (F-varnish), glass-ionomer cement (GIC), deionized water (DW) with F-toothpaste slurry, and DW as a control group (n = 11).

Enhanced effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride application with light curing on natural dentin carious lesions: an in vitro study.

This study aimed to compare the mean mineral density difference (mMDD) and surface morphology of 10- and 60-s silver diamine fluoride (SDF)-applied dentin carious lesions and to study the effect of an additional 20-s light curing (LC) on SDF-treated teeth. Forty primary molar blocks with natural dentin carious lesions were measured for baseline lesion depth and mineral density using Image-Pro Plus software. The samples were randomly distributed into 4 groups; 38% SDF applied for 1) 10-s (10SDF), 2) 60-s (60SDF), 3) 10-s + LC (10SDF + LC), 4) 60-s + LC (60SDF + LC) and an additional control group to assess the outcome of pH-cycling only.

Fluoridated milk enhances the mineral density of artificial proximal carious lesions .

Objective: To compare the mineral density (MD) of non-fluoridated-milk (non-F-milk), fluoridated-milk (F-milk), adjunctive to 1000-ppm-fluoride dentifrice (FD), and 1000-ppm-FD alone of proximal artificial enamel carious lesions (AECL) in high caries-risk patients.

Materials And Methods: This double-blind, cross-over study comprised seven high caries-risk volunteers. Orthodontic brackets with one slab of AECL were fixed randomly to each volunteer per phase.

Comparing protection-motivation theory-based intervention with routine public dental health care.

Objectives: Tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste has a major effect on the reduction in dental caries. However, among young children, tooth brushing requires skill and motivation from caregivers and is not widely practised. To find a more effective way to train caregivers, Protection-Motivation Theory (PMT)-based educational programmes were compared with the basic one with regard to the incremental caries rate in children, caregiver's motivation and caregiver's awareness.

Early Childhood Caries and Its Associated Factors among 9- to 18-Month Old Exclusively Breastfed Children in Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: The objective of this study was to investigate the early childhood caries (ECC) status and its risk factors in 9- to 18-month-old exclusively breastfed children in Thailand. Generally healthy 9- to 18-month-old children who had been exclusively breastfed were recruited. Information on children's oral hygiene practices and breastfeeding behaviors was collected through parental interviews using a questionnaire.

Adjunctive use of fluoride rinsing and brush-on gel increased incipient caries-like lesion remineralization compared with fluoride toothpaste alone .

The objective of this study was to compare the remineralizing effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) mouth rinse or NaF gel as an adjunct to NaF dentifrice on incipient caries-like lesions in an cross-over design study, with three sessions of 30 days each. Orthodontic brackets with artificial demineralized enamel slabs were attached to the upper first molars of 12 participants. A set of 3 test specimens from the same tooth was randomly assigned to each participant and allocated into three 30-day sessions: 1) brushing with 0.

Microtensile Bond Strength Between Glass Ionomer Cement and Silver Diamine Fluoride-Treated Carious Primary Dentin.

The study objectives were to investigate the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on the microtensile bond strength between glass ionomer cement and carious primary dentin and evaluate the mode of restoration failure. Forty carious primary molars were sectioned in half through the middle of the carious lesion and randomly allocated to test and control groups. The test specimens were treated with 38 percent SDF, and the control, deionized water.

Silver diamine fluoride remineralized artificial incipient caries in permanent teeth after bacterial pH-cycling in-vitro.

Objectives: To investigate the remineralizing effect of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application on enamel artificial caries in adjunct to 1000ppm fluoride toothpaste compared with fluoride toothpaste alone by analyzing the mineral density, depth of remineralization, and remineralization percentage of the lesions.

Methods: Eighteen artificial caries slabs were created from the proximal surfaces of nine chemically demineralized premolars. The slabs were scanned by Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) to determine the baseline mineral density of the initial lesions and randomly allocated into 2 groups.

Stimulation of Dentin Regeneration by Using Acemannan in Teeth with Lipopolysaccharide-induced Pulp Inflammation.

Introduction: This study investigated the effects of acemannan, a polysaccharide from Aloe vera, on human deciduous pulp cells in vitro and the response after vital pulp therapy in dog deciduous teeth.

Methods: Human primary dental pulpal cells were treated with acemannan in vitro and evaluated for proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, type I collagen, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2), BMP-4, vascular endothelial growth factor, and dentin sialoprotein expression and mineralization. Osteogenesis-related gene expression was analyzed by complementary DNA microarray.

Effective Fluoride Mouthwash Delivery Methods as an Alternative to Rinsing.

Background: Special-needs patients with high caries risk cannot benefit from the proven caries-reducing effect of fluoride mouthrinse because of poor rinsing compliance and a lack of home-use fluoride application recommendations.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate whether two modified delivery methods-spray or swab application-could raise the salivary fluoride to levels similar to that of rinsing.

Methods: Five healthy men and 16 healthy women, ages 18-22 years, participated in this crossover study.

Silver diamine fluoride and glass ionomer differentially remineralize early caries lesions, in situ.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the percent mean mineral density (MD) change of early caries lesions after the application of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) or glass ionomer cement (GIC).

Materials And Methods: This double-blind, crossover study involved two experimental phases of 28 days each. Thirty-two pairs of enamel slabs were created from the proximal surfaces of 16 premolars.

Clinical, radiographic, and histologic analysis of the effects of acemannan used in direct pulp capping of human primary teeth: short-term outcomes.

Acemannan has been previously reported as a direct pulp-capping agent in animal study. This natural material demonstrated its biocompatibility and enhanced reparative dentin formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the action of acemannan as a direct pulp-capping material in human primary teeth with deep caries.

Sodium fluoride mouthrinse used twice daily increased incipient caries lesion remineralization in an in situ model.

Objectives: To investigate the remineralizing effects of fluoride mouthrinses used at different times and frequency in addition to fluoride toothpaste.

Methods: A randomized crossover single blinded study comprised 4 experimental phases of 21 days each. Twelve orthodontic volunteers were fixed with an orthodontic bracket containing an artificial carious enamel slab, which was from the same tooth in all 4 phases, and were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) brushing with F toothpaste 2× per day (F- brush), (2) F- brush+rinsing with 0.

Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and glass ionomer show distinct effects in the remineralization of proximal artificial caries lesion in situ.

This study aimed to compare the ability of casein-phosphopeptide amorphous-calcium-phosphate (CPP-ACP) and glass-ionomer (GI) in remineralizing proximal artificial caries lesions (ACLs). Molar enamel-slabs were divided into: original-lesion control, intra-oral controls, and experimental (CPP-ACP or GI) groups. Specimens received ACLs and were bonded on subject maxillary first molars.

Indirect pulp treatment vs antibiotic sterilization of deep caries in mandibular primary molars.

Background: Calcium hydroxide indirect pulp treatment (CH-IPT) and antibiotic sterilization using a mixture of three antibiotics (3Mix-MP) of deep caries are similar non-invasive vital pulp treatments. No studies have compared their clinical and radiographic success rates in primary molars.

Aim: To compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of CH-IPT and 3Mix-MP in carious lesions approaching the pulp of mandibular primary molars.

Calcium hydroxide partial pulpotomy is an alternative to formocresol pulpotomy based on a 3-year randomized trial.

Background: Considering formocresol's toxicity, Ca(OH)(2) partial pulpotomy (PP) was studied as a treatment alternative.

Aim: To compare success rates of Ca(OH)(2) PP versus formocresol pulpotomy (FP) treatment of pulpally exposed lower primary molars.

Design: A total of 84 lower primary molars, which met study criteria, from 56 child patients were randomly assigned for each treatment.

Success rates of a mixture of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline antibiotics used in the non-instrumentation endodontic treatment of mandibular primary molars with carious pulpal involvement.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic success rates of three mixed antibiotics in the non-instrumentation endodontic treatment of primary mandibular molars at 24-27 months postoperatively.

Methods: Eighty cariously involved lower primary molars from 58 children (ages 3-8 years) received a 3Mix medicament by non-instrumentation endodontic treatment and were then sealed with glass-ionomer cement and composite resin before permanent restoration with stainless steel crowns. The patients received a clinical and radiographic assessment every 6 months over a 2-year follow-up period with an intra-examiner reliability of 0.

In vitro comparison of self versus professionally applied remineralizing materials.

Objective: To compare the effect of 4 remineralizing materials on the incipient artificial carious lesion and its proximal sound enamel when used with fluoride dentifrice.

Study Design: Models mimicking proximal contact were made, each of which was placed with an artificial carious specimen in contact with a sound enamel specimen. Each carious specimen was treated with one of four materials: glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), 5000 ppm sodium fluoride (F-gel), and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP).

Success of pulpectomy with zinc oxide-eugenol vs calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste in primary molars: a clinical study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare clinical and radiographic success rates of zinc oxide-eugenol cement (ZOE) vs calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste (Vitapex) in pulpectomized primary molars at 6 and 12 months.

Methods: Fifty-four mandibular primary molars from 42 children (average age 5.6 +/- 1.

Effect of fluoride- and nonfluoride-containing resin sealants on mineral loss of incipient artificial carious lesion.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in mineral loss of incipient enamel artificial carious lesions that were sealed with fluoride- or nonfluoride-containing resin sealant. Two artificial lesions (2x2 mm2 each) were created on buccal surface of 60 premolars by using Carbopol demineralizing solution. Lesions in the first group (30 teeth) was sealed with Delton and Delton Plus, the second group (30 teeth) was sealed with Helioseal and Helioseal F.

Comparison of the effectiveness of oral diazepam and midazolam for the sedation of autistic patients during dental treatment.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of oral diazepam and midazolam in sedating autistic patients during dental treatment.

Methods: The treatment regimen consisted of nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation in conjunction with oral administration of either diazepam 0.3 mg/kg or midazolam 0.

Comparative clinical evaluation of slot versus dovetail Class III composite restorations in primary anterior teeth.

This study compares the clinical characteristic evaluations of slot against dovetail class III composite restorations. Focusing on the primary anterior teeth of children aged 2 years 6 months to 5 years 3 months with the mean age of 4 years, thirty-six matched pairs of class III of slot and dovetail preparations were made by one investigator These preparations were evaluated for marginal adaptation, anatomic form, secondary caries and marginal discoloration after 6, 12, and 24 months by another investigator with the intra-examiner reliability of 0.95 - 1 (Kappa Statistic).