Multimodality Imaging Evaluation of Diseases of the Pulmonic Valve and Right Ventricular Outflow Tract for the Adult Cardiologist.

Disorders of the pulmonic valve (PV) receive considerably less attention than other forms of valvular heart disease. Due to the dramatically improved survival of children with congenital heart disease over the last 5 decades, there has been a steady increase in the prevalence of adults with congenital heart disease, which necessitates that clinicians become familiar with the anatomy and the evaluation of right ventricular outflow tract and PV anomalies. A multimodality imaging approach using echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging is essential for a comprehensive evaluation of the anatomy and function of the right ventricular outflow tract, PV, and supravalvular region.

Mitral regurgitation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: The interplay of valve, ventricle, and atrium.

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is highly prevalent among patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Despite this combination being closely associated with unfavourable outcomes, it remains relatively understudied. This is partly due to the inherent heterogeneity of patients with HFpEF.

The International Criteria for Electrocardiogram Interpretation in Athletes: Common Pitfalls and Future Directions.

Preparticipation cardiovascular screening (PPCS) in young athletes is performed to detect conditions associated with sudden cardiac death. Many medical societies and sports governing bodies support the addition of a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) to the history and physical to improve PPCS sensitivity. The current standard for ECG interpretation in athletes, the International Criteria, was developed to distinguish physiologic from pathologic ECG findings in athletes.

Utility of Left and Right Ventricular Strain in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Prospective Multicenter Registry.

Background: Imaging evaluation of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) remains challenging. Myocardial strain assessment by echocardiography is an increasingly utilized technique for detecting subclinical left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of LV and RV strain in ARVC.

Sudden Cardiac Death in National Collegiate Athletic Association Athletes: A 20-Year Study.

Background: Understanding the incidence, causes, and trends of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among young competitive athletes is critical to inform preventive policies.

Methods: This study included National Collegiate Athletic Association athlete deaths during a 20-year time frame (July 1, 2002, through June 30, 2022). Athlete deaths were identified through 4 separate independent databases and search strategies (National Collegiate Athletic Association resolutions list, Parent Heart Watch database and media reports, National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research database, and insurance claims).

Deep learned representations of the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram to predict at peak exercise.

Aims: To leverage deep learning on the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) to estimate peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak) without cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).

Methods And Results: V ˙ O 2 peak estimation models were developed in 1891 individuals undergoing CPET at Massachusetts General Hospital (age 45 ± 19 years, 38% female) and validated in a separate test set (MGH Test, n = 448) and external sample (BWH Test, n = 1076). Three penalized linear models were compared: (i) age, sex, and body mass index ('Basic'), (ii) Basic plus standard ECG measurements ('Basic + ECG Parameters'), and (iii) basic plus 320 deep learning-derived ECG variables instead of ECG measurements ('Deep ECG-V˙O2').

Accelerometer-Derived "Weekend Warrior" Physical Activity and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Importance: Guidelines recommend 150 minutes or more of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per week for overall health benefit, but the relative effects of concentrated vs more evenly distributed activity are unclear.

Objective: To examine associations between an accelerometer-derived "weekend warrior" pattern (ie, most MVPA achieved over 1-2 days) vs MVPA spread more evenly with risk of incident cardiovascular events.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective analysis of UK Biobank cohort study participants providing a full week of accelerometer-based physical activity data between June 8, 2013, and December 30, 2015.

Non-COVID-19 cardiovascular pathology from return-to-play screening in college athletes after COVID-19.

Objective: Concerns for cardiac involvement after SARS-CoV-2 infection led to widespread cardiac testing in athletes. We examined incidental non-COVID-19 cardiovascular pathology in college athletes undergoing postinfection return-to-play screening.

Methods: The Outcomes Registry for Cardiac Conditions in Athletes was a nationwide prospective multicentre observational cohort study that captured testing and outcomes data from 45 institutions (September 2020-June 2021).

Consumer Wearable Health and Fitness Technology in Cardiovascular Medicine: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.

The use of consumer wearable devices (CWDs) to track health and fitness has rapidly expanded over recent years because of advances in technology. The general population now has the capability to continuously track vital signs, exercise output, and advanced health metrics. Although understanding of basic health metrics may be intuitive (eg, peak heart rate), more complex metrics are derived from proprietary algorithms, differ among device manufacturers, and may not historically be common in clinical practice (eg, peak V˙O, exercise recovery scores).

Clinical spectrum of COVID-19 complications in young adults: combined analysis of the American Heart Association COVID-19 Cardiovascular Disease Registry and the Outcomes Registry for Cardiac Conditions in Athletes.

Background: While young adults 18-24 years old bear a significant proportion of COVID-19 diagnoses, the risk factors for hospitalisation and severe COVID-19 complications in this population are poorly understood.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for hospitalisation and other COVID-19 complications across the health spectrum of young adults diagnosed with COVID-19 infection.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Sex Differences in Extensive Mitral Annular Calcification With Associated Mitral Valve Dysfunction.

Mitral annular calcification (MAC)-related mitral valve (MV) dysfunction is an increasingly recognized entity, which confers a high burden of morbidity and mortality. Although more common among women, there is a paucity of data regarding how the phenotype of MAC and the associated adverse clinical implications may differ between women and men. A total of 3,524 patients with extensive MAC and significant MAC-related MV dysfunction (i.

Oncostatin M Receptor Type II Knockout Mitigates Inflammation and Improves Survival from Sepsis in Mice.

Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Oncostatin M (OSM), an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine, can be found at high levels in septic patients. However, little is known about its role in sepsis.

The Cardiac Effects of COVID-19 on Young Competitive Athletes: Results from the Outcomes Registry for Cardiac Conditions in Athletes (ORCCA).

The Outcomes Registry for Cardiac Conditions in Athletes (ORCCA) study is a large-scale prospective investigation evaluating the cardiovascular effects and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection on young competitive athletes. This review provides an overview of the key results from the ORCCA study. Results from the ORCCA study have provided important insights into the clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cardiovascular health of young competitive athletes and informed contemporary screening and return to sport practices.

Ultrarapid Iron Polymaltose Infusions Are Safe for Management of Iron Deficiency.

Introduction: Iron deficiency is a common condition, especially among patients with kidney and heart failure and inflammatory bowel disease. Intravenous iron is the preferred method of treatment in these patients, but it usually requires prolonged iron polymaltose infusions or multiple administrations of alternative preparations. The aim of the study was to confirm the safety and patient acceptance of ultrarapid iron polymaltose infusions as an alternative to slower treatments and ferric carboxymaltose.