A Twist on Controlling the Equilibrium of Dynamic Thia-Michael Reactions.

The thia-Michael reaction, i.e., the addition of a thiol to an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety, has recently gained significant attention within the field of dynamic covalent chemistry.

Command of three-dimensional solitary waves via photopatterning.

Multidimensional solitons are prevalent in numerous research fields. In orientationally ordered soft matter system, three-dimensional director solitons exemplify the localized distortion of molecular orientation. However, their precise manipulation remains challenging due to unpredictable and uncontrolled generation.

Molecular Ball Joints: Mechanochemical Perturbation of Bullvalene Hardy-Cope Rearrangements in Polymer Networks.

The solution-state fluxional behavior of bullvalene has fascinated physical organic and supramolecular chemists alike. Little effort, however, has been put into investigating bullvalene applications in bulk, partially due to difficulties in characterizing such dynamic systems. To address this knowledge gap, we herein probe whether bullvalene Hardy-Cope rearrangements can be mechanically perturbed in bulk polymer networks.

Vinylogous Urea-Urethane Vitrimers: Accelerating and Inhibiting Network Dynamics through Hydrogen Bonding.

Vinylogous urethane (VU ) based polymer networks are widely used as catalyst-free vitrimers that show rapid covalent bond exchange at elevated temperatures. In solution, vinylogous ureas (VU ) undergo much faster bond exchange than VU and are highly dynamic at room temperature. However, this difference in reactivity is not observed in their respective dynamic polymer networks, as VU and VU vitrimers prepared herein with very similar macromolecular architectures show comparable stress relaxation and creep behavior.

Transferrin receptor modulated by microRNA-497-5p suppresses cervical cancer cell malignant phenotypes.

Background: Cervical cancer is prevalent throughout the world, and microRNA-497-5p (miR-497-5p) plays an important role in its development. However, the specific mechanism by which miR-497-5p targets the transferrin receptor (TFRC) during cervical cancer development has not been clarified.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to unravel TFRC expression and its role in cervical cancer cells, as well as the impact of the miR-497-5p/TFRC axis on cervical cancer cells.

Leveraging the Polymer Glass Transition to Access Thermally Switchable Shear Jamming Suspensions.

Suspensions of polymeric nano- and microparticles are fascinating stress-responsive material systems that, depending on their composition, can display a diverse range of flow properties under shear, such as drastic thinning, thickening, and even jamming (reversible solidification driven by shear). However, investigations to date have almost exclusively focused on nonresponsive particles, which do not allow tuning of the flow properties. Polymeric materials possess rich phase transitions that can be directly tuned by their chemical structures, which has enabled researchers to engineer versatile adaptive materials that can respond to targeted external stimuli.

Mortality of Different Stages of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at Three Temperatures in Controlled Atmosphere of High Nitrogen.

The lethal exposure time to controlled atmospheres of high nitrogen at stored grain temperatures is an important information for control of stored-product insects. The mortality of 1-d-old egg, 1-wk-old (first or second instar) larva, 3-wk-old (fourth or fifth instar) larva, and 1-d-old pupa of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) was determined at 18 ± 1, 23 ± 1, and 28 ± 1°C in 98% N2 mixed with air. At 18°C, the lethal exposure times to achieve 100% mortality were 12.

Tributyltin exposure disturbs hepatic glucose metabolism in male mice.

Some previous studies showed that organotin compounds induced diabetes in animal models. The underlying mechanisms should be further revealed. In this study, male KM mice were exposed to tributyltin (TBT) at 0.

CD38 Deficiency Promotes Inflammatory Response through Activating Sirt1/NF-B-Mediated Inhibition of TLR2 Expression in Macrophages.

CD38 was first identified as a lymphocyte-specific antigen and then has been found to be widely expressed in a variety of cell types. The functions of CD38 are involved in numerous biological processes including immune responses. Here, we showed the downregulations of both TLR2 mRNA and protein in macrophages from CD38 mice and in CD38 knockdown RAW264.

Asiatic Acid Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Akt/GSK-3β/HIF-1α Signaling in Rat H9c2 Cardiomyocytes.

Myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury results from severe impairment of coronary blood supply and leads to irreversible cell death, with limited therapeutic possibilities. Asiatic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from the tropical medicinal plant and serves a variety of bioactivities. In this study, we determined the effect of asiatic acid on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and investigated the underlying mechanisms, using an in vitro rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury.