Standardized studies of the oral microbiome: From technology-driven to hypothesis-driven.

The microbiome is in a symbiotic relationship with the host. Among the microbial consortia in the human body, that in the oral cavity is complex. Instead of repeatedly confirming biomarkers of oral and systemic diseases, recent studies have focused on a unified clinical diagnostic standard in microbiology that reduces the heterogeneity caused by individual discrepancies.

Cross-Cohort Microbiome Analysis of Salivary Biomarkers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Several studies have ascertained differences in salivary microbiota between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and healthy populations. However, the predictive accuracy and reproducibility of these 16S rRNA sequencing analyses when applied to other cohorts remain enigmatic. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the included 470 samples from five researches in publicly available databases.

Selenium deficiency is linearly associated with hypoglycemia in healthy adults.

Objective: The trace element selenium (Se) is needed for regular biosynthesis of selenoproteins, which contribute to antioxidative defense systems and affect redox-regulated signaling. Elevated Se intake and selenoprotein expression levels have been associated with impaired hydrogen peroxide-dependent signaling by insulin, leading to hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The relation of low Se intake with glucose status and carbohydrate metabolism is poorly known.

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and flash glucose monitoring in diabetic hemiballism-hemichorea.

A 71-year-old man without previous history of diabetes was hospitalized after suffering polyuria for 1 month and involuntary movement of the left arm for 1 week. His random serum glucose was 42.05 mmol/l and his hemoglobin A1C was 14% (129 mmol/mol).

The independent associations of protein consumption with body fat and glycaemic control in adult Chinese.

Purpose: High-protein diets were popular in weight control. However, the role of protein intake in adiposity and related metabolic conditions among general populations is not clear. We aimed to evaluate the associations of protein intake with adiposity and glycaemic control among adult Chinese in a nationwide population-based survey.

Low Population Selenium Status Is Associated With Increased Prevalence of Thyroid Disease.

Context: Epidemiological studies have supported the premise that an adequate selenium intake is essential for thyroid gland function.

Objective: The objective was to investigate whether the prevalence of thyroid disease differed in two areas that were similar, except for very different soil/crop selenium concentrations.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.