[Functional multi-detector computed tomography in diagnosis of orbital fractures. The first results].

The first results of use of functional multi-detector computed tomography in diagnosis of orbital fractures with eye movement impairment are obtained. In addition to orbital bone fractures diagnosis this method allows to perform more detailed evaluation of orbital soft tissues particularly extraocular muscles. Proposed method allows differentiating paralytic and restrictive ophthalmoplegia, evaluate the function of extraocular muscles in severe orbital deformities.

[Functional multislice spiral computed tomography of the rectus muscle of the eye in scar changes].

The study deals with the capacities of functional multislice spiral computed tomography (FMSCT) in choosing a treatment policy and planning the tactic and scope of surgery for posttraumatic scar changes in the rectus muscle of the eye. Orbital MSCT and FMSCT were conducted in 15 patients (30 orbits). The findings showed that it was necessary to perform orbital FMSCT in posttaumatic scar changes to evaluate the contractility of the rectus muscles and their involvement in the area where a fracture occurs.

TPMT genetic variations in populations of the Russian Federation.

Background: Polymorphisms that reduce the activity of thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) cause adverse reactions to conventional doses of thiopurines, routinely used for antileukemic and immunosuppressive treatment. There are more than 20 variant alleles of TPMT that cause decreased enzymatic activity. We studied the most common variant alleles of TPMT and their frequency distribution in a large cohort of multiracial residents in the Russian Federation and compared their frequencies in children with and without malignancy to determine whether TPMT gene abnormality is associated with hematologic malignancy.

Rapid genotyping of common deficient thiopurine S-methyltransferase alleles using the DNA-microchip technique.

Thiopurine drugs are metabolized, in part, by S-methylation catalyzed by thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT). Patients with very low or undetectable TPMT activity are at high risk of severe, potentially fatal hematopoietic toxicity when they are treated with standard doses of thiopurines. As human TPMT activity is controlled by a common genetic polymorphism, it is an excellent candidate for the clinical application of pharmacogenetics.