Separation of ventilation and perfusion of electrical impedance tomography image streams using multi-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition.

In the future, thoracic electrical impedance tomography (EIT) monitoring may include continuous and simultaneous tracking of both breathing and heart activity. However, an effective way to decompose an EIT image stream into physiological processes as ventilation-related and cardiac-related signals is missing.This study analyses the potential ofby application of theand a novel frequency-based combination criterion for detrending, denoising and source separation of EIT image streams, collected from nine healthy male test subjects with similar age and constitution.

Ratoon Stunting Disease of Sugarcane: A Review Emphasizing Detection Strategies and Challenges.

Sugarcane ( hybrid) is an important cash crop grown in tropical and subtropical countries. Ratoon stunting disease (RSD), caused by a xylem-inhabiting bacterium, subsp. () is one of the most economically significant diseases globally.

Corrigendum: Evaluation of lung function in a German single center cohort of young patients with sickle cell disease using EIT and standard techniques.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.

Evaluation of lung function in a German single center cohort of young patients with sickle cell disease using EIT and standard techniques.

Background And Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a very common autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy leading to multiple pulmonary complications that are closely associated with mortality. The pathophysiology of chronic pulmonary involvement is not yet fully understood and no specific therapies are available.

Methods: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to characterize the lung function of children and young adolescents with SCD in a German single-center cohort and to extend conventional lung function testing by the use of a new imaging method.

Spatiotemporal gait parameters in young individuals wearing an age simulation suit compared to healthy older individuals.

Introduction: Aging is accompanied by changes in muscle mass, strength and loss of sensory, visual and auditive functions. However, these changes do not occur linearly, most spatiotemporal gait parameters change with aging. Age simulation suits have been invented to give young people an impression of the implications of being older and may be a useful tool in the scientific setting for gerontology research to validate any study concept before it becomes a pilot study.

Using Synthesized IMU Data to Train a Long-Short Term Memory-based Neural Network for Unobtrusive Gait Analysis with a Sparse Sensor Setup.

In this work, we evaluated the possibility to use synthesized IMU data for training a deep neural network to generate a more complex, full-body description of the human gait in terms of joint angle trajectories from a sparse sensor setup. In this context, a sparse sensor setup consists of a few sensors attached to human body segments in an unobtrusive manner to possibly provide a monitoring system in an everyday life scenario. Since the relation between the input IMU data and the output joint angle trajectories is highly non-linear, neural networks appear to provide an optimal framework to formulate a mapping description.

Step Length Estimation with Wearable Wrist Sensor using ANN.

Step Length is an important metric that can be used for the analysis and assessment of the gait. Proper dynamical models are not available in current literature associated with the wrist that can adequately determine the step length using recursive estimation techniques. This study presents a method to estimate the step length using angular velocity data from the wrist sensor.

Identification of Individually Altered Gait Behavior Using an Unobtrusive IMU Sensor Setup.

Gait behavior is considered an important indicator for the assessment of the general health status and provides a diagnostic observation for neuro-degenerative and musculo-skeletal diseases. Individual changes in gait behavior often reflect a deterioration of the current health status in a general sense and therefore provide significant information for clinicians and care-givers. In this work, we have used an unobtrusive sensor setup comprising three inertial measurement units (IMUs) located at the wrist, the chest and the thigh to obtain an objective measure of the human locomotion.

Estimation of Step Length With Wearable Thigh Sensor Using an Unscented Kalman Filter.

The determination of step length, an important gait parameter, has been a challenging task. Although unobtrusive sensors (inertial measurement units) have been developed recently, they cannot facilitate the automatic estimation of step length. In this article, we use a model-based technique to determine the step length using the Unscented Kalman Filter with angular velocity from a gyroscope inside the thigh pocket.

A Rotational Invariant Neural Network for Electrical Impedance Tomography Imaging without Reference Voltage: RF-REIM-NET.

: Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a radiation-free technique for image reconstruction. However, as the inverse problem of EIT is non-linear and ill-posed, the reconstruction of sharp conductivity images poses a major problem. With the emergence of artificial neural networks (ANN), their application in EIT has recently gained interest.

A Wearable, Multi-Frequency Device to Measure Muscle Activity Combining Simultaneous Electromyography and Electrical Impedance Myography.

The detection of muscle contraction and the estimation of muscle force are essential tasks in robot-assisted rehabilitation systems. The most commonly used method to investigate muscle contraction is surface electromyography (EMG), which, however, shows considerable disadvantages in predicting the muscle force, since unpredictable factors may influence the detected force but not necessarily the EMG data. Electrical impedance myography (EIM) investigates the change in electrical impedance during muscle activities and is another promising technique to investigate muscle functions.

A Way of Bionic Control Based on EI, EMG, and FMG Signals.

Creating highly functional prosthetic, orthotic, and rehabilitation devices is a socially relevant scientific and engineering task. Currently, certain constraints hamper the development of such devices. The primary constraint is the lack of an intuitive and reliable control interface working between the organism and the actuator.

Determination of the Geometric Parameters of Electrode Systems for Electrical Impedance Myography: A Preliminary Study.

The electrical impedance myography method is widely used in solving bionic control problems and consists of assessing the change in the electrical impedance magnitude during muscle contraction in real time. However, the choice of electrode systems sizes is not always properly considered when using the electrical impedance myography method in the existing approaches, which is important in terms of electrical impedance signal expressiveness and reproducibility. The article is devoted to the determination of acceptable sizes for the electrode systems for electrical impedance myography using the Pareto optimality assessment method and the electrical impedance signals formation model of the forearm area, taking into account the change in the electrophysical and geometric parameters of the skin and fat layer and muscle groups when performing actions with a hand.

Model-Based Step Length Estimation Using a Pendant-Integrated Mobility Sensor.

The step length is an important parameter in gait analysis. Long-term monitoring applications for gait analysis are often based on inertial measurement units (IMUs) due to their low-cost and unobtrusive nature. Spatial gait parameters, such as step or stride length, are therefore not directly accessible.

Evaluation and Application of a Customizable Wireless Platform: A Body Sensor Network for Unobtrusive Gait Analysis in Everyday Life.

Body sensor networks (BSNs) represent an important research tool for exploring novel diagnostic or therapeutic approaches. They allow for integrating different measurement techniques into body-worn sensors organized in a network structure. In 2011, the first Integrated Posture and Activity Network by MedIT Aachen (IPANEMA) was introduced.

Estimation of Stride Time Variability in Unobtrusive Long-Term Monitoring Using Inertial Measurement Sensors.

Stride time variability is an important indicator for the assessment of gait stability. An accurate extraction of the stride intervals is essential for determining stride time variability. Peak detection is a commonly used method for gait segmentation and stride time estimation.

Object-oriented modeling of thoracic fluid balance to study cardiogenic pulmonary congestion in humans.

Background And Objective: We hypothesized that a biophysical computational model implemented in an object-oriented modeling language (OOML) would provide physiological information and simulative data to study the development and treatment of cardiogenic pulmonary congestion.

Methods: This work is based on the object-oriented cardiopulmonary interaction introduced in [1]. This paper describes the novel model components required to study cardiogenic pulmonary congestion: i) interstitial fluid exchange related to the Starling equation, ii) the lymphatic pump, and iii) the interconnection of these elements with the original cardiopulmonary model.

An object-oriented computational model to study cardiopulmonary hemodynamic interactions in humans.

Background And Objective: This work introduces an object-oriented computational model to study cardiopulmonary interactions in humans.

Methods: Modeling was performed in object-oriented programing language Matlab Simscape, where model components are connected with each other through physical connections. Constitutive and phenomenological equations of model elements are implemented based on their non-linear pressure-volume or pressure-flow relationship.

Flow-volume loops measured with electrical impedance tomography in pediatric patients with asthma.

Background: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) provides information on global and regional ventilation during tidal breathing and mechanical ventilation. During forced expiration maneuvers, the linearity of EIT and spirometric data has been documented in healthy persons. The present study investigates the potential diagnostic use of EIT in pediatric patients with asthma.

Phytocercomonas venanatans, a New Species of Cercozoa Associated with Chlorotic Streak of Sugarcane.

Chlorotic streak is a global disease of commercial sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids). The disease is transmitted by wet soil, water, as well as in diseased planting material.

Confirmation that the Novel Cercozoa Phytocercomonas venanatans Is the Cause of the Disease Chlorotic Streak in Sugarcane.

A cercomonad, named Phytocercomonas venanatans, is confirmed as the cause of the sugarcane disease chlorotic streak. This was achieved by establishing aseptic liquid cultures of the pathogen isolated from internal pieces of sugarcane stalk tissue. Actively motile cultures of the pathogen were inoculated into sugarcane roots, stalks, and leaf whorls.

An object-oriented model of the cardiopulmonary system with emphasis on the gravity effect.

We introduce a novel comprehensive model of the cardiopulmonary system with emphasis on perfusion and ventilation distribution along the vertical thorax axis under the gravity effect. By using an object-oriented environment, the complex physiological system can be represented by a network of electrical, lumped-element compartments. The lungs are divided into three zones: upper, middle, and lower zone.

Linearity of electrical impedance tomography during maximum effort breathing and forced expiration maneuvers.

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) provides global and regional information about ventilation by means of relative changes in electrical impedance measured with electrodes placed around the thorax. In combination with lung function tests, e.g.