Endocrine effects of three common gas signaling molecules in humans: A literature review.

Gases such as hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide and sulfur dioxide have important regulatory effects on the endocrine and physiological processes of the body and are collectively referred to as "gas signaling molecules". These gas signaling molecules are also closely related to Alzheimer's disease, the inflammatory response and depression. In this paper, we introduce the production and metabolic pathways of NO, HS and SO in living organisms and review the regulatory functions of gas signaling molecules in the endocrine system and their mechanisms in relation to their clinical applications.

HDAC4 Inhibitors as Antivascular Senescence Therapeutics.

Aging is an inevitable consequence of life, and during this process, the epigenetic landscape changes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation increases. Inevitably, these changes are common in many age-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. In the current research, histone deacetylation 4 (HDAC4) was studied as a potential therapeutic target in vascular senescence.

Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms in Vascular Aging.

Environment, diseases, lack of exercise, and aged tendency of population have becoming crucial factors that induce vascular aging. Vascular aging is unmodifiable risk factor for diseases like diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia. Effective interventions to combat this vascular function decline is becoming increasingly urgent as the rising hospitalization rate caused by vascular aging-related diseases.

Circulating Genetically Abnormal Cells Add Non-Invasive Diagnosis Value to Discriminate Lung Cancer in Patients With Pulmonary Nodules ≤10 mm.

Background: Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) often leads to unnecessary biopsy because of the low specificity among patients with pulmonary nodules ≤10 mm. Circulating genetically abnormal cells (CACs) can be used to discriminate lung cancer from benign lung disease. To examine the diagnostic value of CACs in detecting lung cancer for patients with malignant pulmonary nodules ≤10 mm.

Detection of circulating genetically abnormal cells using 4-color fluorescence in situ hybridization for the early detection of lung cancer.

Purpose: Available biomarkers lack sensitivity for an early lung cancer. Circulating genetically abnormal cells (CACs) occur early in tumorigenesis. To determine the diagnostic value of CACs in blood detected by 4-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for lung cancer.

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Could Be Effective Against Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Brain Metastases Harboring Uncommon Mutations.

The significance of uncommon () mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and brain metastasis (BM) remains unclear. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) liquid biopsy is a novel tool for assessing mutations in BM. This study aimed to evaluate the mutations in patients with NSCLC and newly diagnosed BM and to examine the effect of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) on BM harboring CSF-tested uncommon mutations.

Corrigendum: Afatinib for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in a Case With an Uncommon Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation (G719A) Identified in the Cerebrospinal Fluid.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.

Afatinib for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in a Case With an Uncommon Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation (G719A) Identified in the Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Few previous studies of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and leptomeningeal metastases have used liquid biopsy of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to identify epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and guide therapy. A 34-year-old male patient with NSCLC and leptomeningeal metastases was admitted to the Interventional Radiology Department, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital on 18th April 2018 after showing no response to chemoradiotherapy. On admission, the patient was in critical condition with an estimated survival <1 month.

Detection of HER2-positive Circulating Tumor Cells Using the LiquidBiopsy System in Breast Cancer.

Background: Most previous studies of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are based on the CellSearch platform, but CellSearch has a number of limitations. This study aimed to use the LiquidBiopsy system and immunofluorescence to test the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status of CTCs in patients with breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: The LiquidBiopsy system was used to detect HER2-positive (HER2) cells in whole blood by microfluidic immunomagnetic bead screening and immunofluorescence assay, according to the manufacturer;s instructions.

Research and Development of Hepatitis B Drugs: An Analysis Based on Technology Flows Measured by Patent Citations.

Despite the existence of available therapies, the Hepatitis B virus infection continues to be one of the most serious threats to human health, especially in developing countries such as China and India. To shed light on the improvement of current therapies and development of novel anti-HBV drugs, we thoroughly investigated 212 US patents of anti-HBV drugs and analyzed the technology flow in research and development of anti-HBV drugs based on data from IMS LifeCycle databases. Moreover, utilizing the patent citation method, which is an effective indicator of technology flow, we constructed patent citation network models and performed network analysis in order to reveal the features of different technology clusters.