Enhanced liquid-liquid phase separation of stress granules in a reconstructed model and their cytoplasmic targeting using a DNA nanodevice.

Biomolecular condensates (BCs) are crucial membraneless organelles formed through the process of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) involving proteins and nucleic acids. These LLPS processes are tightly linked with essential cellular activities. Stress granules (SGs), functioning as cytoplasmic BCs, play indispensable roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and are implicated in diseases like cancers and neurodegenerative disorders.

Triterpenoids from the rhizomes and roots of Gentiana scabra Bge. and their cytotoxic activities.

Phytochemical investigation on the rhizomes and roots of Gentiana scabra (Gentianaceae) led to the isolation of five new triterpenoids (1-5), together with seven known ones (6-12). The structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation, ECD calculation and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Noticeably, compound 4 was an uncommon 3,4-seco-pentacyclic triterpenoid in natural products.

Enhancing left ventricular segmentation in echocardiography with a modified mixed attention mechanism in SegFormer architecture.

Echocardiography is a key tool for the diagnosis of cardiac diseases, and accurate left ventricular (LV) segmentation in echocardiographic videos is crucial for the assessment of cardiac function. However, since semantic segmentation of video needs to take into account the temporal correlation between frames, this makes the task very challenging. This article introduces an innovative method that incorporates a modified mixed attention mechanism into the SegFormer architecture, enabling it to effectively grasp the temporal correlation present in video data.

Room temperature high-efficiency welding of an ultra-long silver nanowire network for flexible transparent electrodes.

In the preparation of flexible electronic devices, obtaining a transparent conductive electrode with high electrical conductivity, high transparency, and mechanical flexibility is a significant challenge. This study developed a simple method for preparing ultra-long silver nanowires (ul-AgNWs), obtaining high-purity ul-AgNWs with an average length of 317.66 ± 98.

Methyl jasmonate regulation of pectin polysaccharides in Cosmos bipinnatus roots: A mechanistic insight into alleviating cadmium toxicity.

Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a crucial phytohormone, which plays an important role in resistance to Cadmium (Cd) stress. The cell wall (CW) of root system is the main location of Cd and plays a key role in resistance to Cd toxicity. However, the mechanism effect of MeJA on the CW composition and Cd accumulation remain unclear.

The clinical utility of circulating cell division control 42 in small-vessel coronary artery disease patients undergoing drug-coated balloon treatment.

Background: Cell division control 42 (CDC42) regulates atherosclerosis, blood lipids, and inflammation and thus affects coronary artery disease (CAD), but its utility in drug-coated balloon (DCB)-treated small-vessel CAD (SV-CAD) patients is unclear. This study intended to evaluate the change and prognostic role of CDC42 in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB.

Methods: Serum CDC42 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 211 SV-CAD patients underwent DCB at baseline, day (D) 1, D3, and D7, as well as in 50 healthy controls (HCs).

Abscisic acid (ABA) alleviates cadmium toxicity by enhancing the adsorption of cadmium to root cell walls and inducing antioxidant defense system of Cosmos bipinnatus.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a global problem affecting soil ecology and plant growth. Abscisic acid (ABA) acts as a growth and stress hormone, regulates cell wall synthesis, and plays an important role in plant responses to stress. There are few studies on the mechanisms behind abscisic acid alleviation of cadmium stress in Cosmos bipinnatus, especially in regards to regulation of the root cell wall.

Are absorptive root traits good predictors of ecosystem functioning? A test in a natural temperate forest.

Trait-based approaches provide a useful framework to predict ecosystem functions under intensifying global change. However, our current understanding of trait-functioning relationships mainly relies on aboveground traits. Belowground traits (e.

Effect of chromium stress on metal accumulation and cell wall fractions in Cosmos bipinnatus.

As one of the major pollutants in the environment, chromium (Cr), a heavy metal, poses a serious threat to urban green spaces and human life and health. Cosmos bipinnatus is considered a potential accumulator of Cr, and the differences in cellular Cr distribution and compartmentalization may uncover the mechanisms involved in its tolerance to Cr. To elucidate the effects of Cr stress on C.

Assessing scale-dependent effects on Forest biomass productivity based on machine learning.

Estimating forest above-ground biomass (AGB) productivity constitutes one of the most fundamental topics in forest ecological research. Based on a 30-ha permanent field plot in Northeastern China, we modeled AGB productivity as output, and topography, species diversity, stand structure, and a stand density variable as input across a series of area scales using the algorithm. As the grain size increased from 10 to 200 m, we found that the relative importance of explanatory variables that drove the variation of biomass productivity varied a lot, and the model accuracy was gradually improved.

Graphene-Based Microwave Circuits: A Review.

Over the past two decades, research on 2D materials has received much interest. Graphene is the most promising candidate regarding high-frequency applications thus far due to is high carrier mobility. Here, the research about the employment of graphene in micro- and millimeter-wave circuits is reviewed.

Distal Transradial Access in Anatomical Snuffbox for Coronary Angiography and Intervention: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The previous meta-analysis has assessed that distal transradial access (dTRA) in anatomical snuffbox is safe and effective for coronary angiography and intervention and can reduce radial artery occlusion. However, since the publication of the previous meta-analysis, several observational studies have been added, so we performed an updated meta-analysis to include more eligible studies to compare distal transradial access in anatomical snuffbox with conventional transradial access (cTRA).

Method: Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies from the literature published until 5 January 2021 to evaluate catheterization/puncture failure, hematoma, radial artery spasm, radial artery occlusion (RAO), access time, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose area product, total procedure time, and hemostatic device removal time.

Scale-dependent effects of neighborhood biodiversity on individual tree productivity in a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in China.

The relationship between biodiversity and productivity has stimulated an increasing body of research over the past decades, and this topic still occupies a central place in ecology. While most studies have focused on biomass production in quadrats or plots, few have investigated the scale-dependent relationship from an individual plant perspective. We present an analysis of the effects of biodiversity (species diversity and functional diversity) on individual tree growth with a data set of 16,060 growth records from a 30-ha temperate forest plot using spatially explicit individual tree-based methods.

Gender Disparities in Clinical Outcome After Alcohol Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy in the Chinese Han Population: A Cohort Study.

Background: Sex differences in the long-term prognosis of symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) patients undergoing alcohol septal ablation (ASA) remain unclear, especially in the Chinese Han population.

Method: This cohort study included 320 HOCM Chinese Han patients who underwent ASA because of symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. Patients were grouped according to sex: females (mean±standard deviation age [SD] 50.

Efficacy and safety of bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in high-bleeding-risk elderly patients with chronic total occlusion: A prospective randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) in high-bleeding-risk elderly patients.

Background: Bivalirudin reduces PCI-related bleeding; however, its efficacy and safety in patients with CTO, especially elderly patients with a high bleeding risk, remain unclear.

Methods: This single-center prospective randomized controlled trial assigned 123 high-bleeding-risk elderly patients with CTO to either the unfractionated heparin (UFH) group (n = 55) or the bivalirudin group (n = 68).

Sodium-fluoride PET-CT for the non-invasive evaluation of coronary plaques in symptomatic patients with coronary artery disease: a cross-correlation study with intravascular ultrasound.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the F-sodium fluoride (F-NaF) coronary uptake compared to coronary intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease.

Background: F-NaF PET enables the assessment of vascular osteogenesis by interaction with surface hydroxyapatite, while IVUS enables both identification and quantification of intra-plaque components.

Methods: Forty-four patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease were included in this prospective controlled trial, 32 of them (30 patients with unstable angina and 2 patients with stable angina), representing the final study cohort, got additional IVUS.

How beta diversity and the underlying causes vary with sampling scales in the Changbai mountain forests.

This study aims to establish a relationship between the sampling scale and tree species beta diversity temperate forests and to identify the underlying causes of beta diversity at different sampling scales. The data were obtained from three large observational study areas in the Changbai mountain region in northeastern China. All trees with a dbh ≥1 cm were stem-mapped and measured.

Analysing taxonomic structures and local ecological processes in temperate forests in North Eastern China.

Background: One of the core issues of forest community ecology is the exploration of how ecological processes affect community structure. The relative importance of different processes is still under debate. This study addresses four questions: (1) how is the taxonomic structure of a forest community affected by spatial scale? (2) does the taxonomic structure reveal effects of local processes such as environmental filtering, dispersal limitation or interspecific competition at a local scale? (3) does the effect of local processes on the taxonomic structure vary with the spatial scale? (4) does the analysis based on taxonomic structures provide similar insights when compared with the use of phylogenetic information? Based on the data collected in two large forest observational field studies, the taxonomic structures of the plant communities were analyzed at different sampling scales using taxonomic ratios (number of genera/number of species, number of families/number of species), and the relationship between the number of higher taxa and the number of species.

Development of near zero-order release PLGA-based microspheres of a novel antipsychotic.

The novel antipsychotic isoperidone, a prodrug of paliperidone, was designed to improve liposolubility for the development of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-based microspheres to achieve near zero-order release behaviour in vivo. Microspheres with a smooth surface were obtained using the oil-in-water emulsion solvent evaporation method and yielded a high encapsulation efficiency of 92%. Pharmacokinetic studies in beagle dogs showed a one-week plateau phase followed by a two-week quasi-zero-order release with no burst release.

Design of hydrogels of 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine and their studies on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and transdermal mechanism.

development, single-factor experiments were employed to evaluate the effect of adding different matrix, enhancers, 5-HMT, ethanol and glycerol on drug skin development, single-factor experiments were employed to evaluate the effect of adding different matrix, enhancers, 5-HMT, ethanol and glycerol on drug skin permeation. Finally, Carbopol 940 was selected as the gel matrix with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) chosen as the enhancer. The relationship between time and the steady accumulative percutaneous amount (Q, μgcm) of optimized 5-HMT hydrogels was Q=1290.

Stoichiometry patterns in the androdioecious Acer tegmentosum.

This study evaluates stoichiometry patterns in the androdioecious Acer tegmentosum, a species characterized by a rare reproductive system where males and hermaphrodites coexist. Altogether 31 hermaphrodites and 29 male plants were harvested and samples of leaves, current-year shoots, branches and coarse roots were analyzed to explore gender differences in biomass, C, N and P concentrations of these four components. The nitrogen to phosphorus relationship of each component was examined using SMA estimates.

Oleic acid derivative of polyethylenimine-functionalized proliposomes for enhancing oral bioavailability of extract of Ginkgo biloba.

The present systematic study focused to investigate the oleic acid derivative of branched polyethylenimine (bPEI-OA)-functionalized proliposomes for improving the oral delivery of extract of Ginkgo biloba (GbE). The GbE proliposomes were prepared by a spray drying method at varying ratios of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol, and the optimized formulation was tailored with bPEI-OA to obtain bPEI-OA-functionalized proliposomes. The formulations were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency.

Different vascular healing patterns with various drug-eluting stents in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: optical coherence tomographic findings.

The introduction of optical coherence tomography has provided a new method for evaluating the vascular response to drug-eluting stents (DESs). We used optical coherence tomography to compare neointimal coverage and stent malapposition among DESs in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Optical coherence tomography was performed at 9 months after implantation of 3 types of DESs at the culprit lesions in 46 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (16 sirolimus-eluting stents [SESs, Cypher Select], 11 paclitaxel-eluting stents [PESs, Taxus Liberte], and 19 zotarolimus-eluting stents [ZESs, Endeavor Sprint]).