Ethyl vinyl ketone activates oxidative and calcium burst and CML8-ACA8 participates in calcium recovery in Arabidopsis leaves.

Plants produce ethyl vinyl ketone (evk) in response to biotic stress, but the evk's identification and downstream defense response remain unclear. In this paper, it is predicted by docking for the first time that evk can be recognized by RBOH protein and assist the electron transfer of RBOHD/RBOHF by binding to its FAD or NADPH binding site. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) binding assay shows that evk indeed bind to RBOHD.

Ethyl Vinyl Ketone Activates K Efflux to Regulate Stomatal Closure by MRP4-Dependent eATP Accumulation Working Upstream of HO Burst in Arabidopsis.

Plants regulate stomatal mobility to limit water loss and improve pathogen resistance. Ethyl vinyl ketone (evk) is referred to as a reactive electrophilic substance (RES). In this paper, we found that evk can mediate stomatal closure and that evk-induced stomatal closure by increasing guard cell K efflux.

CALMODULIN1 and WRKY53 Function in Plant Defense by Negatively Regulating the Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis Pathway in Arabidopsis.

Jasmonic acid (JA) is an important hormone that functions in plant defense. and mutants were more resistant to than in the wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis group. In addition, JA concentration in and mutants was higher compared with the WT group.

CML8 and GAD4 function in (Z)-3-hexenol-mediated defense by regulating γ-aminobutyric acid accumulation in Arabidopsis.

(Z)-3-hexenol, a small gaseous molecule, is produced in plants under biotic stress and induces defense responses in neighboring plants. However, little is known about how (Z)-3-hexenol induces plant defense-related signaling. In this study, we uncovered how (Z)-3-hexenol treatment enhances plant resistance to insect attacks by increasing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) contents in Arabidopsis leaves.

Linalool Activates Oxidative and Calcium Burst and CAM3-ACA8 Participates in Calcium Recovery in Arabidopsis Leaves.

Plants produce linalool to respond to biotic stress, but the linalool-induced early signal remains unclear. In wild-type Arabidopsis, plant resistance to diamondback moth () increased more strongly in a linalool-treated group than in an untreated control group. HO and Ca, two important early signals that participated in biotic stress, burst after being treated with linalool in Arabidopsis mesophyll cells.

Plant ion channels and transporters in herbivory-induced signalling.

In contrast to many biotic stresses that plants face, feeding by herbivores produces unique mechanical and chemical signatures. Plants have evolved effective systems to recognise these mechanical stimuli and chemical elicitors at the plasma membrane (PM), where this recognition generates ion fluxes, including an influx of Ca2+ that elicits cellular Ca2+ signalling, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and variation in transmembrane potential. These signalling events also function in propagation of long-distance signals (Ca2+ waves, ROS waves, and electrical signals), which contribute to rapid, systemic induction of defence responses.