Abnormalities in the thalamo-cortical network in patients with functional constipation.

Functional constipation (FCon) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID); neuroimaging studies have shown brain functional abnormalities in thalamo-cortical regions in patients with FGID. However, association between FCon and topological characteristics of brain networks remains largely unknown. We employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) and graph theory approach to investigate functional brain topological organization in 42 patients with FCon and 41 healthy controls (HC) from perspectives of global, regional and modular levels.

Altered Interactions Among Resting-State Networks in Individuals with Obesity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in functional connectivity (FC) within and interactions between resting-state networks involved in salience, executive control, and interoception in participants with obesity (OB).

Methods: Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging with independent component analysis and FC, alterations within and interactions between resting-state networks in 35 OB and 35 normal-weight controls (NW) were investigated.

Results: Compared with NW, OB showed reduced FC strength in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus within the default-mode network, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex within the salience network (SN), bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-angular gyrus within the frontoparietal network (FPN), and increased FC strength in the insula (INS) (P  < 0.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy induces sustained changes in gray and white matter brain volumes and resting functional connectivity in obese patients.

Background: Obesity is associated with decreased brain gray- (GM) and white-matter (WM) volumes in regions. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an effective bariatric surgery associated with neuroplastic changes in patients with obesity at 1 month postLSG.

Objective: To investigate whether LSG can induce sustained neuroplastic recovery of brain structural abnormalities, and whether structural changes are accompanied by functional alterations.

Cortical morphometry alterations in brain regions involved in emotional, motor-control and self-referential processing in patients with functional constipation.

Functional constipation (FC) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID). Neuroimaging studies on patients with FC showed brain functional abnormalities in regions involved in emotional process modulation, somatic and sensory processing and motor control. Brain structural imaging studies in patients with FGID have also shown disease-related alterations in cortical morphometry, but whether and how FC affects brain structure remains unclear.

Sex-related differences in resting-state brain activity and connectivity in the orbital frontal cortex and insula in patients with functional constipation.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used to investigate sex-related differences in brain abnormalities in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Like IBS, women with functional constipation (FC) are 2.1 times as many as men.

Structural changes in brain regions involved in executive-control and self-referential processing after sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients.

Obesity-related brain gray (GM) and white matter (WM) abnormalities have been reported in regions associated with food-intake control and cognitive-emotional regulation. Bariatric surgery (BS) is the most effective way to treat obesity and induce structural recovery of GM/WM density and WM integrity. It is unknown whether the surgery can promote structural changes in cortical morphometry along with weight-loss.