Potential of FGF21 in type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment based on untargeted metabolomics.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has promise for treating diabetes and its associated comorbidities. It has been found to reduce blood glucose in mice and humans; however, its underlying mechanism is not known. Here, the metabolic function of FGF21 in diabetes was investigated.

Thirty Years of Experience of Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance for Polio - China, 1993-2022.

Introduction: Detecting poliovirus infections proves to be highly challenging due to their asymptomatic nature and infectious potential, highlighting the crucial importance of effective detection methods in the context of polio eradication efforts. In many countries, including China, the primary approach for identifying polio outbreaks has been through acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance. In this study, we conducted an evaluation spanning three decades (1993-2022) to assess the effectiveness of AFP surveillance in China.

Cannabidiol ameliorates inflammatory response partly by AGE-RAGE pathway in diabetic mice.

Cannabidiol (CBD), the most abundant nonpsychoactive constituent of Cannabis sativa plant, is a promising potential pharmacotherapy for the treatment of diabetes and associated comorbidities. Previous studies have shown the potential of CBD to prevent diabetes in mice, the precise mechanisms of action remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of CBD alleviating hyperglycemia.

Analysis of a Sabin-Strain Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Response to a Circulating Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Event in Sichuan Province, China 2019-2021.

Importance: The Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) may be a tool for polio outbreak response in certain situations.

Objective: To investigate the response to a type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV2) outbreak.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This case series was conducted in China after a VDPV2 was detected in stool specimens from a child with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Sichuan Province in 2019, 3 years after the global withdrawal of live, attenuated type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV).

Immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines: an update of data published by 31 December 2021.

The unprecedented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a disaster for public health in the last 2 years, without any sign of an ending. Various vaccines were developed rapidly as soon as the outbreak occurred. Clinical trials demonstrated the reactogenicity, immunogenicity and protection efficacy in humans, and some of the vaccines have been approved for clinical use.

Red Yeast Rice for Hyperlipidemia: A Meta-Analysis of 15 High-Quality Randomized Controlled Trials.

RYR is a commonly used lipid-lowering dietary supplements in Asian and European countries, showing considerable benefits and low toxicity. This quantitative study aims to present high-quality evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of RYR in treating hyperlipidemia, in order to promote its clinical application. PubMed, embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were systematically searched, and high-quality randomized controlled trials comparing RYR with non-RYR interventions were included.

A Mutation in Familial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy as a Possible Pathogenic Variant.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common form of medically refractory focal epilepsy in adults, often requires surgery to alleviate seizures. By using next-generation sequencing, we identified a mutation (NM_005027.4: c.

Assessing the burden of congenital rubella syndrome in China and evaluating mitigation strategies: a metapopulation modelling study.

Background: A rubella vaccine was licensed in China in 1993 and added to the Expanded Programme on Immunization in 2008, but a national cross-sectional serological survey during 2014 indicates that many adolescents remain susceptible. Maternal infections during the first trimester often cause miscarriages, stillbirths, and, among livebirths, congenital rubella syndrome. We aimed to evaluate possible supplemental immunisation activities (SIAs) to accelerate elimination of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome.

Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture at Tianshu (ST25) for Functional Constipation: Evidence from 10 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: To evaluate the evidence for the efficacy and safety of acupuncture at Tianshu (ST25) for functional constipation (FC).

Methods: We systematically searched seven databases to identify randomized controlled trials of acupuncture at ST25 alone or in combination with conventional therapy in the treatment of FC. Risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences (MDs) were calculated using RevMan 5.

Lathyrane diterpenoids from and their antitumor activities in human osteosarcoma cells.

Two new lathyrane-type diterpenoids, jatropodagins A and B ( and ), and five known analogues (-), were isolated from the stems of . Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic data and calculated ECD analyses. The cytotoxicities of all the lathyrane-type diterpenoids (-) were evaluated against two human osteosarcoma cell lines (Saos-2 and MG-63).

Detection and Initial Response to a Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus - Sichuan Province, China, 2019.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: After the type 2 strain of the live, attenuated poliovirus vaccine was withdrawn globally in 2016, any identification of a type 2 poliovirus is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. A vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus (VDPV2) was identified in Sichuan, prompting an urgent, comprehensive investigation and response.

What Is Added By This Report?: Type 2 monovalent, live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (mOPV2) is being used to respond to the numerous VDPV2 outbreaks seen around the world.

Progress Toward Measles Elimination - China, January 2013-June 2019.

In 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region countries, including China, resolved to eliminate measles by 2012 or as soon as feasible thereafter (1). As of 2018, nine* of the 37 Western Pacific Region countries or areas had eliminated measles. China's Measles Elimination Action Plan 2006-2012 included strengthening routine immunization; conducting measles risk assessments, followed by supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) with measles-containing vaccine (MCV) at national and subnational levels; strengthening surveillance and laboratory capacity; and investigating and responding to measles outbreaks.

Progress Toward Measles Elimination - China, January 2013-June 2019.

China has historically had high measles incidence and many associated deaths. A comprehensive measles elimination plan during 2006-2012 substantially reduced measles incidence; however, a resurgence occurred during 2013-2015. In China, measles surveillance, outbreak response, research, and program evaluation were used to strengthen routine immunization and target immunization activities for eliminating measles.

Evaluating vaccination policies to accelerate measles elimination in China: a meta-population modelling study.

Background: Measles is among the most highly infectious human diseases. By virtue of increasingly effective childhood vaccination, together with targeted supplemental immunization activities (SIAs), health authorities in the People's Republic of China have reduced measles' reproduction number from about 18 to 2.3.

Kir2.2 p.Thr140Met: a genetic susceptibility to sporadic periodic paralysis.

Introduction: Periodic paralyses (PP) are recurrent episodes of flaccid limb muscle weakness. Next to autosomal dominant forms, sporadic PP (SPP) cases are known but their genetics are unclear.

Methods: In a patient with hypokalemic SPP, we performed exome sequencing to identify a candidate gene.

Routine immunization services costs and financing in China, 2015.

Objective: To estimate the costs of routine immunization (RI) services in China in 2015, to provide objective data relevant to investment in the Expanded Program on Immunization, and to contribute to global data on costing and financing of RI.

Methods: The study was conducted between January and March 2016. We selected 276 villages, 138 townships, 46 counties, and 40 prefectures from 15 provinces as investigation sites at random, stratified by eastern, middle, and western regions.

Epidemiological profile and progress toward rubella elimination in China. 10 years after nationwide introduction of rubella vaccine.

Background: Rubella-containing vaccine (RCV) became available in China in 1993 and was introduced nationwide into the Expanded Immunization Program (EPI) in 2008. We evaluated implementation and impact of RCV from 2 years prior to nationwide introduction through the 10 years after nationwide introduction.

Methods: We analyzed RCV lot-release (doses distributed) data, 1- and 2-dose RCV coverage, and rubella data from China's nationwide disease surveillance system to describe the current status and changes in rubella epidemiology between 2005 and 2017.

Recipient vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in China, 2010-2015.

Introduction: Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) is one of the most important adverse effects of vaccines that are in current use globally. The Chinese national adverse event following immunization information system (CNAEFIS) is a passive surveillance system which collects data on VAPP.

Aims: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of VAPP and estimate the risk of recipient VAPP in China.

Vaccine-derived poliovirus surveillance in China during 2001-2013: the potential challenge for maintaining polio free status.

Background: The goal of polio eradication is to complete elimination and containment of all wild, vaccine-related and Sabin polioviruses. Vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) surveillance in China from 2001-2013 is summarized in this report, which has important implications for the global polio eradication initiative.

Methods: Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases and their contacts with VDPVs isolated from fecal specimens were identified in our AFP surveillance system or by field investigation.

Early-onset familial hemiplegic migraine due to a novel SCN1A mutation.

Introduction Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a rare autosomal dominant subtype of migraine with aura. The FHM3 subtype is caused by mutations in SCN1A, which is also the most frequent epilepsy gene encoding the voltage-gated Na channel Na1.1.

An outbreak following importation of wild poliovirus in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China, 2011.

Background: After more than 10 years without a case of wild poliovirus (WPV) in China, an outbreak occurred in 2011 in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.

Methods: Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) case surveillance was strengthened with epidemiological investigations and specimen collection and serological surveys were conducted among hospitalized patients.

Results: There were 21 WPV cases and 23 clinical compatible polio cases reported.