The herbicidal activity and mechanism of Talaromyces purpureogenus CY-1 metabolites.

Background: Studies have shown that Talaromyces can produce a large number of secondary metabolites in its metabolic process, many of which have good insecticidal, antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral and other biological activities. In order to explore the herbicidal activity and mechanism of Talaromyces purpureogenus CY-1, we determined the inhibitory effect of the fermentation broth of the CY-1 strain on weeds, identified the major active components, and further investigated the herbicidal mechanism.

Result: The results showed that CY-1, with IC50 values of 5.

Chlorantraniliprole Enhances Cellular Immunity in Larvae of (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The innate immunity of insects encompasses cellular and humoral defense mechanisms and constitutes the primary defense against invading microbial pathogens. Cellular immunity (phagocytosis, nodulation, and encapsulation) is primarily mediated by hemocytes. Plasmatocytes and granulocytes play an important role and require changes in the cytoskeletons of hemocytes.

Identification and Characterization of Varieties Resistant to and Their Resistance Mechanisms.

, the city flower of Chengdu, is culturally significant and has nutritional and medicinal benefits. However, frequent infestations of have caused economic losses. This study aimed to identify insect-resistant varieties.

Sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on immunity in Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Promote encapsulation by upregulating a heat shock protein 70 family gene SfHSP68.1.

As an agricultural pest, the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, poses a severe threat to agriculture in China. Chlorantraniliprole has been widely used to control this pest. In our previous studies, we discovered that LD, LD, and LD chlorantraniliprole promoted encapsulation in the 4th instar larvae of the FAW, with LD chlorantraniliprole having the most significant effect.

Herbivore-induced plant volatiles emitted by citrus in response to spider mite infestation can attract predatory mites.

Understanding the nutritional interplay among plants, pests, and natural enemies is essential for sustainable pest management. Enhancing the efficiency of natural enemies, such as Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is critical, and exploiting herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) offers a promising approach. However, N.

Effects of the Host Plants of the Maize-Based Intercropping Systems on the Growth, Development and Preference of Fall Armyworm, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

In this paper, the effects of maize and its three intercropping plants, sweet potato, soybean and peanut, on the growth and development of FAW, feeding preference of larvae, olfactory response and oviposition preference of adults were studied in the laboratory. The results showed that maize and peanut were suitable for the survival and development of FAW, while sweet potato and soybean were not suitable for multigenerational reproduction. The larvae significantly preferred to feed on maize compared to the other three plants.

Magnaporthe oryzae effector MoSPAB1 directly activates rice Bsr-d1 expression to facilitate pathogenesis.

Fungal pathogens typically use secreted effector proteins to suppress host immune activators to facilitate invasion. However, there is rarely evidence supporting the idea that fungal secretory proteins contribute to pathogenesis by transactivating host genes that suppress defense. We previously found that pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae induces rice Bsr-d1 to facilitate infection and hypothesized that a fungal effector mediates this induction.

Functional response of (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to (Acari: Tetranychidae) at different temperatures.

Environmental factors like temperature have a great impact on the predation potential of biological control agents. In the present study, the functional response of the predatory mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to the pest mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) at moderate to high temperatures under laboratory conditions was determined. The study aimed to understand the prey-predator interaction under different temperatures and prey densities.

Validation of target protein PcnWAS in Pomacea canaliculata and screening of target-based molluscicidal compounds.

Virtual screening is an efficient way to obtain new drugs, which has become an important method in the field of pesticide research. Protein neural wiskott-Aldrich syndrome isoform X1 (PcnWAS) is a target protein that exists in the haemocytes of Pomacea canaliculata, and in this study, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was used to evaluate the binding ability of protein PcnWAS and pedunsaponin A in vitro. Furthermore, it was set as a receptor, and the design of molluscicidal compounds based on protein PcnWAS was carried out.

Discovery of a Potential Molluscicide Based on Protein PcRoo in Gill Cilia of .

In modern pesticide discovery, target-based drug design is an attractive and cost-effective approach. Previous studies found that protein rootletin (PcRoo) is a target protein of arecoline, when interacted with . In this study, we modeled the target protein through threading, and the binding energy between arecoline and protein PcRoo was calculated as -5.

Sublethal Effects of Strain BEdy1 on the Development and Reproduction of the White-Backed Planthopper, (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

Rice () is the most important food crop all over the world, while white-backed planthopper (WBPH), (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is an important pest causing rice yield reduction. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sublethal effects of strain BEdy1 (Bals.-Criv.

Reproductive Outbreaks of Mediated by Overexpression of the Nuclear Receptor under Pressure from Triflumezopyrim.

Long-term pesticide-driven selection pressure is one of the main causes of insect outbreaks. In this study, we found that low doses of triflumezopyrim could increase the fecundity of white-backed planthoppers (). By continuously screening 20 generations with a low dose of triflumezopyrim, a triflumezopyrim-resistant strain (Tri-strain, resistance ratio = 20.

The Source Areas and Migratory Pathways of the Fall Armyworm (Smith) in Sichuan Province, China.

The Sichuan Province, located in Southwest China, is one of China's main maize-producing areas, and is also an important node along the north-south migratory pathways that pests follow within China. After its invasion, the fall armyworm (FAW), (Smith), was found in 70.81% of all counties in Sichuan.

Prediction of the potential distribution of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) in China under current and future climate scenarios.

Neoseiulus californicus is a predatory mite with a wide global distribution that can effectively control a variety of pest mites. In this study, MaxEnt was used to analyse the potential distribution of N. californicus in China and the BCC-CSM2-MR model was used to predict changes in the suitable areas for the mite from 2021 to 2100 under the scenarios of SSP126, SSP245 and SSP585.

Pharmacophore identification, virtual screening and activity verification of pedunsaponin A on target proteins PcAdv and PcnWAS of Pomacea canaliculata.

Target-protein-based pesticide screening has attracted wide-ranging attention on pesticide science. Pedunsaponin A (PA) is a compound isolated from the root of Pueraria peduncularis, and it has a strong toxic effect on Pomacea canaliculata. Previous studies found that Advlin (PcAdv) and neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome isoform X1(PcnWAS) are target proteins of PA when interacted with P.

Identification and functional verification of the target protein of pedunsaponin A in the gills of Pomacea canaliculata.

Background: Based on previous research indicating that pedunsaponin A (PA) can destroy the gills of Pomacea canaliculata, we chose the gill as the main research object, and identified the target protein of PA in the gills of P. canaliculata through proteomics and RNA interference (RNAi).

Results: Proteomics showed that 180 proteins were downregulated after PA treatment in P.

Status of insecticide resistance and biochemical characterization of chlorpyrifos resistance in Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera:Delphacidae) in Sichuan Province, China.

The white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera, Delphacidae), is an energetic rice insect pest in rice production or rice-growing areas. Due to excessive use of the chemical insecticide, S. furcifera has produced the high resistance to some frequently used insecticides.

Sublethal Effects of Triflumezopyrim on Biological Traits and Detoxification Enzyme Activities in the Small Brown Planthopper (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

The small brown planthopper [ (Fallén) (Hemiptera, Delphacidae)] is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice and has developed strong resistance to several kinds of chemical insecticides. Triflumezopyrim, a novel mesoionic insecticide developed by Corteva Agriscience (formerly DuPont Crop Protection), has efficient biological activity in controlling sucking insects, such as the planthopper. However, the effects of triflumezopyrim on the growth and reproduction of have not been reported.

The population growth, development and metabolic enzymes of the white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) under the sublethal dose of triflumezopyrim.

Triflumezopyrim, a new nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) inhibition, can effectively control piercing-sucking insect pests such as white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera). At present, there has been no reports on the effects of triflumezopyrim on the population growth and development of S. furcifera.

Laboratory assays on the effects of a novel acaricide, SYP-9625 on Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) and its natural enemy, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor).

Objective: Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) is an agricultural mite pest threatens crops throughout the world, causing serious economic loses. Exploring the effects of acaricides on predatory mites is crucial for the combination of biological and chemical control of T. cinnabarinus.

Monitoring and biochemical characterization of beta-cypermethrin resistance in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Sichuan Province, China.

The beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua, a major pest affecting numerous cultivated crops in China, has developed a serious resistance to many traditional chemical insecticides. The resistance levels of the field-collected populations from different districts in Sichuan Province, China, to nine insecticides were detected with a diet-incorporation bioassay. Compared to the Lab-ZN strain, five (in 2014) and three (in 2016) field populations displayed either high or extremely high levels of resistance to beta-cypermethrin.

Molecular identification of four novel cytochrome P450 genes related to the development of resistance of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to chlorantraniliprole.

Background: The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, is an omnivorous insect that damages a variety of crops worldwide. Chlorantraniliprole is a new diamide insecticide that acts on the ryanodine receptors in insects. The aim of this study was to explore key genes related to the development of chlorantraniliprole resistance in S.

[Influence of low temperature and photoperiod on the substances in Locusta migratoria tibetensis].

In order to investigate the adaption of Locusta migratoria tibetensis to the. environment, this paper adopted the experiments with full light exposure (24L/OD), total. darkness (OL/24D), and low temperature (5 °C) to study the effects of low temperature and illumination stress on the cold-resistant substances of L.

Fumigant, contact, and repellent activities of essential oils against the darkling beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus.

The fumigant, contact, and repellent activities of four essential oils extracted from Citrus limonum (Sapindales: Rutaceae), Litsea cubeba (Laurales: Lauraceae), Cinnamomum cassia, and Allium sativum L. (Asparagales: Alliaceae) against 6th instars and adults of the darkling beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), one of the main pests of materials and products of Juncus effuses L. (Poales: Juncaceae) during the storage period, were assayed, and chemical ingredients were analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in this study.