Research on ozone pollution control strategies for urban agglomerations based on ozone formation sensitivity and emission source contributions.

Despite recent enhancements in China's anthropogenic emission controls, ozone (O) concentrations have continuously increased owing to its nature as a secondary pollutant and the complexities of its production and consumption processes. This study quantified the contributions of urban and sectoral cross-emission sources to O levels and identified the anthropogenic emission sources requiring targeted control. Moreover, O sensitivity tests were conducted to determine optimal reduction ratios for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions.

Influence of urbanization on meteorological conditions and ozone pollution in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, China.

Changes in aerodynamic and thermal conditions caused by urbanization can impact regional meteorological conditions, subsequently affecting air quality. Updated Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land use data and coupled with the urban canopy models (UCMs) in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. This enabled the impact of urban land expansion on meteorological conditions and ozone (O) concentrations to be evaluated.

Relationship between ozone and air temperature in future conditions: A case study in sichuan basin, China.

The Sichuan Basin (SCB) is located in southwestern China and has a unique topography where ozone (O) pollution is frequent during summer. Few studies have clarified the relationship between O and air temperature in SCB. Here, the SCB was divided into four major urban agglomerations.

Impact analysis of meteorological variables on PM pollution in the most polluted cities in China.

With the continuous promotion of urbanization in China, air pollution problems have become increasingly prominent in recent years. Various factors, such as emissions, meteorology, and physical and chemical reactions, jointly affect the severity of PM pollution to a large extent. This study selected five meteorological variables (planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), wind speed (WS), temperature(T), water vapor mixing ratio(Q), and precipitation (PCP)) for perturbation, and 21 different scenarios were set up.

Analysis of Pollution Characteristics and Emissions Reduction Measures in the Main Cotton Area of Xinjiang.

With cotton production in Xinjiang increasing annually, the impact on the environment of agricultural waste produced to improve production has been reflected. This study selected Bozhou of Xinjiang, the main cotton producing region in northern Xinjiang, as the research object, and collected hourly concentration data of six pollutants from 2017 to 2021, and analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of each pollutant. At the same time, Morlet wavelet analysis was used to further analyze the variation period of PM (PM particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.

Characteristics of Air Pollutants Emission and Its Impacts on Public Health of Chengdu, Western China.

Pollution caused by PM and O are common environmental problems which can easily affect human health. Chengdu is a major central city in Western China, and there is little research on the regional emissions and health effects of air pollution in Chengdu. According to the Multi-resolution Emissions Inventory of the Chinese Model, 2017 (MEIC v1.

Study on the Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Particulate Matter Pollution in Coal Production Cities in China.

In recent years, with the continuous advancement of China's urbanization process, regional atmospheric environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. We selected 12 cities as study areas to explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter in the region, and analyzed the impact of socioeconomic and natural factors on local particulate matter levels. In terms of time variation, the particulate matter in the study area showed an annual change trend of first rising and then falling, a monthly change trend of "U" shape, and an hourly change trend of double-peak and double-valley distribution.

Spatial Characteristics and Regional Transmission Analysis of PM Pollution in Northeast China, 2016-2020.

Northeast China is an essential industrial development base in China and the regional air quality is severely affected by PM pollution. In this paper, spatial autocorrelation, trajectory clustering, hotspot analysis, PSCF and CWT analysis are used to explore the spatial pollution characteristics of PM and determine the atmospheric regional transmission pattern for 40 cities in Northeast China from 2016 to 2020. Analysis of PM concentration characteristics in the northeast indicates that the annual average value and total exceedance days of PM concentration in Northeast China showed a U-shaped change, with the lowest annual average PM concentration (31 μg/m) in 2018, decreasing by 12.

Physalin B inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in undifferentiated human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells.

Background: Physalin B (PB) from Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) is a naturally occurring secosteroid with multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. However, PB's effects and mechanisms in human gastric cancer (GC) cells are not well characterized.

Assessing the Impact of Lockdown on Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Amid the First Half of 2020 in Shenyang, China.

During the eruption of COVID-19, a citywide lockdown was executed from 26 January to 23 March 2020, in Shenyang, in which the ozone pollution has recorded significant variations. This paper mainly anatomized the comprehensive characteristics and evolution trends of ozone pollution based on the lockdown period in the first half of 2020. Using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model and cluster analysis method to establish backward trajectories and channels, the spatial transport process of ozone in the preset period and the causation of typical ozone pollution events were investigated in depth.

Pollution Characteristics, Transport Pathways, and Potential Source Regions of PM and PM in Changchun City in 2018.

Air pollution has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Cluster analysis, scene analysis, and the potential source contribution function (PSCF), based on the backward trajectory model, were used to identify the transport pathways and potential source regions of PM and PM (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of not more than 2.5 µm and 10 µm) in Changchun in 2018.

Targeting YAP Degradation by a Novel 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Derivative via Restoration of the Function of the Hippo Pathway.

Recent evidence has linked the dysregulation of the Hippo pathway to tumorigenesis and cancer progression due to its pivotal role in regulating the stability of the oncoprotein YAP. Based on an unexpected finding from the SAR study of a recently reported oxadiazole-based EGFR/c-Met dual inhibitor (compound ), we identified a closely related derivative, compound , which exhibited cogent antitumor activities while devoid of compound 's ability to promote EGFR/c-Met degradation. Compound acted, in part, by facilitating YAP degradation through activation of its upstream kinase LATS1.

Analysis of the PM emission inventory and source apportionment in Jilin City, Northeast of China.

This study collected and compiled statistical data on atmospheric pollution in Jilin City, China during 2013-2014, using models and methods to calculate the source proportion of PM emitted by various sources. The statistical activity levels and emission factors of various pollution sources were found to be key parameters for obtaining the total amount of PM in the exhaust gas emitted from all types of pollution sources using an emissions model. In this study, relevant data were collected by the top-down method, and pollutant emission was calculated by the emission factor method to establish the PM pollution emission inventory of Jilin City.

1,2,4-Oxadiazole derivatives targeting EGFR and c-Met degradation in TKI resistant NSCLC.

Development of small-molecule agents with the ability to facilitate oncoprotein degradation has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Since EGFR and c-Met are both implicated in oncogenesis and tumor progression, we initiated a screening program by using an in-house library to identify agents capable of inducing the concomitant suppression of EGFR and c-Met expression, which led to the identification of compound 1, a 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivative. Based on the scaffold of 1, we developed a series of derivatives to assess their efficacies in facilitating the downregulation of EGFR and c-Met, among which compound 48 represented the optimal agent.

The c-Myc-regulated miR-17-92 cluster mediates ATRA-induced APL cell differentiation.

Background: Despite advances in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), its underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The oncogenic microRNA cluster miR-17-92 modulates multiple cellular processes, including survival, proliferation, and apoptosis. However, the role of miR-17-92 and its regulation has not yet been documented for APL.

Loxapine, an antipsychotic drug, suppresses intracellular multiple-antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in macrophages.

Background: The emergence of multiple-antibiotic-resistant (MAR) Salmonella has been a serious threat worldwide. Salmonella can invade into host cells and evade the attacks of host humoral defenses and antibiotics. Thus, a new antibacterial agent capable of inhibiting intracellular Salmonella is highly needed.

New insight into magneto-structural phase transitions in layered TbMnGe-based compounds.

The TbYMnGe series (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) compounds are found to exhibit two magnetic phase transitions with decreasing temperature: from the paramagnetic state to the antiferromagnetic interlayer state at T and from an antiferromagnetic interlayer structure to a collinear ferrimagnetic interlayer structure at T.

[Protective Effects of Ginkgolide N Against Glutamate-Induced Injury in PC12 Cells].

Objective: To study the protective effects of ginkgolide N against glutamte-induced injury in PC12 cells and its mechanisms.

Methods: The injury model was established by treating PC12 cells with glutamate, and PC12 cells were treated with different concentrations of ginkgolide N with ginkgolide B as control. The cells activity was analyzed by MTT assay.

Development of Potent Adenosine Monophosphate Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activators.

Previously, we reported the identification of a thiazolidinedione-based adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, compound 1 (N-[4-({3-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methyl]-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene}methyl)phenyl]-4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide), which provided a proof of concept to delineate the intricate role of AMPK in regulating oncogenic signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells. In this study, we used 1 as a scaffold to conduct lead optimization, which generated a series of derivatives. Analysis of the antiproliferative and AMPK-activating activities of individual derivatives revealed a distinct structure-activity relationship and identified 59 (N-(3-nitrophenyl)-N'-{4-[(3-{[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl}-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl]phenyl}urea) as the optimal agent.

Targeting the Warburg effect with a novel glucose transporter inhibitor to overcome gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells.

Gemcitabine resistance remains a significant clinical challenge. Here, we used a novel glucose transporter (Glut) inhibitor, CG-5, as a proof-of-concept compound to investigate the therapeutic utility of targeting the Warburg effect to overcome gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. The effects of gemcitabine and/or CG-5 on viability, survival, glucose uptake and DNA damage were evaluated in gemcitabine-sensitive and gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines.

Vancomycin activates σ(B) in vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus resulting in the enhancement of cytotoxicity.

The alternative transcription factor σ(B) is responsible for transcription in Staphylococcus aureus during the stress response. Many virulence-associated genes are directly or indirectly regulated by σ(B). We hypothesized that treatment with antibiotics may act as an environmental stressor that induces σ(B) activity in antibiotic-resistant strains.

[Effect of triptolide on airway remodeling and the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinases in asthmatic rats].

Aim: To explore the effect of Triptolide on airway remodeling and the expression of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases in asthmatic rats.

Methods: 40 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8): (1) Control group; (2) Asthmatic 4 weeks group; (3) Asthmatic 6 weeks group; (4) Therapeutic 4 weeks group; (5) Therapeutic 6 weeks group. The airway resistance and eosinophilic inflammation of airway wall were observed.

Enhancement of an electroporation system for gene delivery using electrophoresis with planar electrodes.

We developed a new electroporation system, including a microchip and a logic circuit, and combining with the function of electrophoresis, which can site-specific enhancement of the gene concentration. We have demonstrated that the electroporation microchip could enhance and target in vitro gene transfection for cell lines. In this micro-device, the outer electrodes could provide the electrophoresis function for DNA attraction, and the inner electrodes could provide appropriate electric fields for the electroporation on the chip surface.

Enhancement of an electroporation system for gene delivery using electrophoresis with a planar electrode.

In this paper a new electroporation (EP) system is developed, which includes an EP microchip and a logic circuit, which combined with electrophoresis (ES), can provide site-specific enhancement of gene concentration. In this ES-EP microchip, an arc planar electrode provides the ES function for DNA attraction, and interdigitated array electrodes provide appropriate electric fields for the EP on the chip surface. In addition, the adherent cells can be manipulated in situ without detachment of the ES-EP microchip, which performs the "Lab on a chip".