Correlation of Neuroendocrine Differentiation with a Distinctively Suppressive Immune Microenvironment in Gastric Cancer.

Introduction: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) harbored significantly suppressive tumor immune microenvironments (TIMEs). However, the immunological effects of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) on non-NENs, such as gastric cancer (GC), were unknown.

Methods: Between pure gastric cancer (PGC) and GC-NED, TIME features were scored based on expression data and validated on serial whole-tissue sections of surgical samples, with tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and the extra-TLS zone evaluated independently using multi-marker immunohistochemical staining.

Morphology, Histopathology, and Anatomical Distribution of Sporadic Colorectal Polyps in Chinese Patients.

Background And Aims: There are limited data regarding the morphology, histopathology, and anatomical distribution of sporadic colorectal polyps in Chinese patients. We evaluated these characteristics of sporadic polyps to guide the endoscopic detection and excision of colorectal polyps.

Methods: This was a retrospective single-center observational study involving 7381 patients with sporadic colorectal polyps.

Differential responses from the left postcentral gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and precuneus to meal ingestion in patients with functional dyspepsia.

Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is most often a meal-induced syndrome. Studies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) reported abnormal connectivity in areas related to pain processing in FD. However, only a few studies have attempted to determine how meal ingestion affects the brain's working patterns.

Adverse effects of low serum lipoprotein cholesterol on the immune microenvironment in gastric cancer: a case‒control study.

Background: Cholesterol is crucial for tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remodeling. Serum lipoprotein cholesterol is closely associated with gastric cancer (GC) progression, but whether it affects TIME remodeling is unknown.

Methods: GC patients with differential serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were collected.

A rare gastric lesion: diminutive, well-differentiated, Grade 3, type 3 gastric neuroendocrine tumor with extremely high ki-67 index removed en bloc under endoscopy.

Grade 3, type 3 gastric neuroendocrine tumor (g-NET) shows specific features of clinical interest and the therapeutic management of the lesion is not yet completely standardized. We present the unusual case of a 34-year-old male patient with a diminutive (less than 0.5 cm), well-differentiated, G3, type 3g-NET with extremely high Ki-67 index (higher than 80%).

Long-term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Public Sentiments in Mainland China: Sentiment Analysis of Social Media Posts.

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has induced negative emotions among people. These emotions are expressed by the public on social media and are rapidly spread across the internet, which could cause high levels of panic among the public. Understanding the changes in public sentiment on social media during the pandemic can provide valuable information for developing appropriate policies to reduce the negative impact of the pandemic on the public.

Prognostic significance of chemokines CCL11 and CCL5 modulated by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in colon cancer patients with normal body mass index.

Background: Many studies have shown an elevated level of cholesterol in colon tumors as compared to normal tissue. Obesity and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are known risk factors for colon cancer. However, the role of LDL-C in colon cancer patients with normal body mass index (BMI) remains elusive.

Economic Burden and Health Care Access for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in China: Web-Based Survey Study.

Background: The increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has imposed heavy financial burdens for Chinese patients; however, data about their financial status and access to health care are still lacking. This information is important for informing patients with IBD about disease treatment budgets and health care strategies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic status and medical care access of patients with IBD through the China Crohn's & Colitis Foundation web-based platform in China.

Serum lipid levels correlate to the progression of gastric cancer with neuroendocrine immunophenotypes: A multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: Dyslipidemia was associated with gastric adenocarcinoma or neuroendocrine tumors, but its role in a more malignant entity, gastric cancer with neuroendocrine immunophenotypes (GCNEI), was unclarified. This study sought to explore the relationship between serum lipid levels and the biological behaviors of gastric cancer with neuroendocrine immunophenotypes (GCNEI).

Methods: Patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), GC with NEC components (GC-NEC), or GC expressing NE marker(s) but no NE morphology (GC-NENM) were enrolled from three centers.

Inhibition of DNA‑PK by gefitinib causes synergism between gefitinib and cisplatin in NSCLC.

Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rates among the malignant tumor types worldwide. Platinum‑based chemotherapy is the main treatment for advanced non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and epidermal growth factor receptor‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‑TKIs) have greatly improved the survival of patients with EGFR‑sensitive mutations. However, there is no standard therapy for treating patients who are EGFR‑TKI resistant.

Risk factors of tumor invasion and node metastasis in early gastric cancer with undifferentiated component: a multicenter retrospective study on biopsy specimens and clinical data.

Background: Early gastric cancer (EGC) with undifferentiated component (UDC) is a more aggressive entity, where the significance of preoperative data to tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis (LNM) remains unclarified.

Methods: A total of 5,020 GC patients undergoing radical gastrectomy in three centers were reviewed, of which, EGC with UDC in preoperative biopsy specimens were enrolled. The histology of biopsy and surgical specimens was graded according to the proportion of UDC and signet ring cells (SRCs).

PARK2 Suppresses Proliferation and Tumorigenicity in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

mutation is originally associated with the progression of Parkinson's disease. In recent years, has been reported as a tumor suppressor gene in various cancers, including lung cancer. However, the biological functions and potential molecular mechanisms of PARK2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still unclear.

[Advances in serum biomarkers for early diagnosis of gastric cancer].

Early diagnosis is the key to improve the prognosis of gastric cancer. How to screen out high-risk subjects of gastric cancer in population is a hot spot. Serum-based early detection of gastric cancer is suitable for high-risk population screening, which is more convenient and safer.

Role of Bile Acids in Dysbiosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health threat around the world and is characterized by dysbiosis. Primary bile acids are synthesized in the liver and converted into secondary bile acids by gut microbiota. Recent studies support the role of bile acids in modulating dysbiosis and NAFLD, while the mechanisms are not well elucidated.

Elevated level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species via fatty acid β-oxidation in cancer stem cells promotes cancer metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in tumor development and progression and are involved in cancer metastasis. The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CSCs and cancer metastasis remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between ROS level of CSCs and cancer metastasis and to explore the possible underlying molecular mechanisms.

Cholesterol Enhances Colorectal Cancer Progression via ROS Elevation and MAPK Signaling Pathway Activation.

Background/aims: Elevated serum cholesterol levels were linked to a higher risk of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer (CRC), while the effect of cholesterol on CRC metastasis has not been widely studied.

Methods: CRC patients were enrolled to evaluate the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and CRC metastases, and LDL receptor (LDLR) level of the CRC tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The effects of LDL on cell proliferation, migration and stemness were assessed in CRC cells in vitro, and the effects of high fat diet (HFD) on tumor growth and intestinal tumorigenicity were investigated in vivo.

Ursolic acid synergistically enhances the therapeutic effects of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer.

Oxaliplatin is a key drug in chemotherapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its efficacy is unsatisfied due to drug resistance of cancer cells. In this study, we tested whether a natural agent, ursolic acid, was able to enhance the efficacy of oxaliplatin for CRC.

Calibrated automated thrombography for monitoring coagulation function in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage.

Objective: To monitor coagulation function in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) using calibrated automated thrombography.

Methods: Patients admitted to hospital with ICH (confirmed within 18 h of symptom onset) were enrolled. Patient history and blood samples were obtained within 6 h of admission; further blood samples were collected on days 4, 8 and 15 (or on discharge between days 9-15: grouped with day 15 data).

The clinical effect of deferoxamine mesylate on edema after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: It has been shown that 3 days of 62 mg/kg/day deferoxamine infusion (maximum dose not to exceed 6000 mg/day) is safe and tolerated by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of deferoxamine mesylate for edema resolution and hematoma absorption after ICH.

Methods: From February 2013 to May 2014, spontaneous ICH patients diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) within 18 hours of onset were evaluated.

No evident dose-response relationship between cellular ROS level and its cytotoxicity--a paradoxical issue in ROS-based cancer therapy.

Targeting cancer via ROS-based mechanism has been proposed as a radical therapeutic approach. Cancer cells exhibit higher endogenous oxidative stress than normal cells and pharmacological ROS insults via either enhancing ROS production or inhibiting ROS-scavenging activity can selectively kill cancer cells. In this study, we randomly chose 4 cancer cell lines and primary colon or rectal cancer cells from 4 patients to test the hypothesis and obtained following paradoxical results: while piperlongumin (PL) and β-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), 2 well-defined ROS-based anticancer agents, induced an increase of cellular ROS and killed effectively the tested cells, lactic acidosis (LA), a common tumor environmental factor that plays multifaceted roles in promoting cancer progression, induced a much higher ROS level in the tested cancer cells than PL and PEITC, but spared them; L-buthionine sulfoximine (L-BSO, 20 μM) depleted cellular GSH more effectively and increased higher ROS level than PL or PEITC but permitted progressive growth of the tested cancer cells.

Tumor environmental factors glucose deprivation and lactic acidosis induce mitotic chromosomal instability--an implication in aneuploid human tumors.

Mitotic chromosomal instability (CIN) plays important roles in tumor progression, but what causes CIN is incompletely understood. In general, tumor CIN arises from abnormal mitosis, which is caused by either intrinsic or extrinsic factors. While intrinsic factors such as mitotic checkpoint genes have been intensively studied, the impact of tumor microenvironmental factors on tumor CIN is largely unknown.