Rapid Growth of the CO Hydrate Induced by Mixing Trace Tetrafluoroethane.

Rapid formation of the CO hydrate can be significantly induced by the gaseous thermodynamic promoter 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane(R134a) due to the mild phase equilibrium conditions, although the formation mechanism and dynamic behavior are not clear. Therefore, a visual experimental system was developed to study the effects of different concentrations of R134a on the induction time, gas consumption, and growth morphology of the CO hydrate. At the same time, the combined effects under stirring and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) systems were also studied.