Identification and expression analysis of calcium-dependent protein kinase family in oat ( L.) and their functions in response to saline-alkali stresses.

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) serve as calcium ion sensors and play crucial roles in all aspects of plant life cycle. While gene family has been extensively studied in various plants, there is limited information available for members in oat, an important cereal crop worldwide. Totally, 60 genes were identified in oat genome and were classified into four subfamilies based on their phylogenetic relationship.

Spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of agricultural land transfer in China.

This paper systematically analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution trends and macroeconomic driving factors of farmland transfer at the provincial level in China since 2005, aiming to offer a new perspective for understanding the dynamic mechanisms of China's farmland transfer. Through the integrated use of kernel density estimation, the Markov model, and panel quantile regression methods, this study finds the following: (1) Farmland transfer rates across Chinese provinces show an overall upward trend, but regional differences exhibit a "U-shaped" evolution characterized by initially narrowing and then widening; (2) although provinces have relatively stable farmland transfer levels, there is potential for dynamic transitions; (3) factors such as per capita arable land, farmers' disposable income, the social security level, the urban‒rural income gap, the urbanization rate, government intervention, and the marketization level significantly promote farmland transfer, while inclusive finance inhibits transfer, and agricultural mechanization level and population aging have heterogeneous impacts. Therefore, to achieve convergence of low farmland transfer regions to medium levels while promoting medium-level regions to higher levels, it is recommended that the government increase support for agricultural mechanization, increase farmers' income and social security levels, and optimize marketization processes and government intervention strategies.

Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of MADS-box transcription factor gene family in .

MADS-box transcription factors are widely involved in the regulation of plant growth, developmental processes, and response to abiotic stresses. , a versatile plant, is not only used for food and medicine but also serves as an economical oil crop. However, the MADS-box transcription factor family in is still largely unexplored.

Optimization of hydrolysis conditions of crop straw and its effect in culture.

Taking straws of corn, wheat, and millet as raw materials, we pretreated them with alkaline hydrogen peroxide, and then hydrolyzed by cellulase and xylanase. We selected the total sugar content in the hydrolysate as the indicator to evaluate the hydrolysis of the straws from three crop species, and further optimized the conditions. Then, the hydrolysates of three types of crop straws were used as carbon source for culture to assess their effects on microalgal cultivation.

Characterization and evaluation of substratum material selection for microalgal biofilm cultivation.

Biofilm cultivation is considered a promising method to achieve higher microalgae biomass productivity with less water consumption and easier harvest compared to conventional suspended cultivation. However, studies focusing on the selection of substratum material and optimization of the growth of certain microalgae species on specific substratum are limited. This study investigated the selection of membranous and fabric fiber substrata for the attachment of unicellular microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus and filamentous microalgae Tribonema minus in biofilm cultivation.

Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of Dof transcription factor family in Camelina sativa.

Background: Dof transcription factors (TFs) containing C-C zinc finger domains are plant-specific regulatory proteins, playing crucial roles in a variety of biological processes. However, little is known about Dof in Camelina sativa, an important oil crop worldwide, with high stress tolerance. In this study, a genome-wide characterization of Dof proteins is performed to examine their basic structural characteristics, phylogenetics, expression patterns, and functions to identify the regulatory mechanism underlying lipid/oil accumulation and the candidate Dofs mediating stress resistance regulation in C.

[Identification and expression analysis of gene family in eukaryotic algae].

WRKY is a superfamily of plant-specific transcription factors, playing a critical regulatory role in multiple biological processes such as plant growth and development, metabolism, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although genes have been characterized in a variety of higher plants, little is known about them in eukaryotic algae, which are close to higher plants in evolution. To fully characterize algal WRKY family members, we carried out multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic analysis, and conserved domain prediction to identify the genes in the genomes of 30 algal species.

Astaxanthin From Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Oxidative Stress in Mice by Gut-Liver Axis Modulating Properties.

Scope: Evidence is mounting that astaxanthin (ATX), a xanthophyll carotenoid, used as a nutritional supplement to prevent chronic metabolic diseases. The present study aims to identify the potential function of ATX supplementation in preventing steatohepatitis and hepatic oxidative stress in diet-induced obese mice.

Methods And Results: In this study, ATX as dose of 0.

Characterization of a Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase 1 and Its Potential in Unsaturated Fatty Acid-Rich Triacylglycerol Production.

The unicellular green alga has been recognized as an industry strain to produce simultaneously esterified astaxanthin (EAST) and triacylglycerol (TAG) under stress induction. It is necessary to identify the key enzymes involving in synergistic accumulation of EAST and TAG in . In this study, a novel diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 was systematically characterized by and assays.

Advanced treatment of chicken farm flushing wastewater by integrating Fenton oxidation and algal cultivation process for algal growth and nutrients removal.

Algae based wastewater treatment has been considered as the most promising win-win strategy for nutrients removal and biomass accumulation. However, the poor linking between traditional wastewater treatment and algal cultivation limits the achievement of this goal. In this study, a novel combination of Fenton oxidation and algal cultivation (CFOAC) system was investigated for the treatment of chicken farm flushing wastewater (CFFW).

Enhancing growth and oil accumulation of a palmitoleic acid-rich Scenedesmus obliquus in mixotrophic cultivation with acetate and its potential for ammonium-containing wastewater purification and biodiesel production.

A palmitoleic acid-rich Scenedesmus obliquus strain SXND-02 was isolated from ammonium-containing wastewater. Biomass and lipid production were examined for this microalgal strain in photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic cultivations, respectively, in order to extend its application in wastewater purification coupled with production of valued bio-products. Among the tested conditions, the microalga had better growth and higher lipid accumulation in mixotrophy.

[Transcriptome analysis of signal transduction pathway involved in light inducing astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis].

The unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis is the best source of natural astaxanthin (AST) in the world due to its high content under stress conditions. Although high light (HL) can effectively induce AST biosynthesis, the specific mechanisms of light signal perception and transduction are unclear. In the current study, we used transcriptomic data of normal (N), high white light (W), and high blue light (B) to study the mechanisms of light inducing AST accumulation from the point of photoreceptors.

Functional characterization of an novel acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 3-3 (CsDGAT3-3) gene from Camelina sativa.

Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT) catalyze the final committed step of de novo biosynthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG) in plant seeds. This study was to functionally characterize DGAT3 genes in Camelina sativa, an important oil crops accumulating high levels of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in seeds. Three camelina DGAT3 genes (CsDGAT3-1, CsDGAT3-2 and CsDGAT3-3) were identified, and the encoded proteins were predicted to be cytosolic-soluble proteins present as a homodimer containing the 2Fe-2S domain.

Characterization of type-2 diacylglycerol acyltransferases in Haematococcus lacustris reveals their functions and engineering potential in triacylglycerol biosynthesis.

Background: Haematococcus lacustris is an ideal source of astaxanthin (AST), which is stored in oil bodies containing esterified AST (EAST) and triacylglycerol (TAG). Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) catalyze the last step of acyl-CoA-dependent TAG biosynthesis and are also considered as crucial enzymes involved in EAST biosynthesis in H. lacustris.

Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the Camelina sativa WRKY gene family in response to abiotic stress.

Background: WRKY transcription factors are a superfamily of regulators involved in diverse biological processes and stress responses in plants. However, there is limited knowledge about the WRKY family in camelina (Camelina sativa), an important Brassicaceae oil crop with strong tolerance for various stresses. Here, a genome-wide characterization of WRKY proteins is performed to examine their gene structures, phylogenetics, expression, conserved motif organizations, and functional annotation to identify candidate WRKYs that mediate stress resistance regulation in camelinas.

[Symbiotic bacteria facilitate algal growth and oil biosynthesis in Scenedesmus obliquus].

We isolated bacteria from the phycosphere of Scenedesmus obliques and sequenced 16S rDNAs to establish algae-bacterial co-culture systems. Further, we examined effects of the bacteria on algal growth, and parameters associated with physio-biochemical and oil-producing characteristics of S. obliquus.

Cloning, expression, and characterization of a novel plant type cryptochrome gene from the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis.

A full-length cDNA sequence of plant type CRY (designated Hae-P-CRY) was cloned from the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. The cDNA sequence was 3608 base pairs (bp) in length, which contained a 2988-bp open reading frame encoding 995 amino acids with molecular mass of 107.7 kDa and isoelectric point of 6.

Mitigating excessive ammonia nitrogen in chicken farm flushing wastewater by mixing strategy for nutrient removal and lipid accumulation in the green alga Chlorella sorokiniana.

This study aimed to evaluate algal growth, lipid production, and nutrient removal in chicken farm flushing wastewater (CFFW). The excessive ammonia nitrogen (EAN) content in the CFFW wastewater represented a major factor limiting the algal growth. A strategy of mixing CFFW with municipal wastewater (MW) that contained less ammonia nitrogen was adopted.

Polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis ameliorates diphenoxylate-induced constipation symptoms in mice.

The aim of this study is to probe new functions of a polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis (PSP) on constipation and intestinal microbiota in mice. Diphenoxylate-induced constipation in mice was treated with different doses of PSP, followed by examining the defecation patterns, levels of acetyl cholinesterase (AchE), nitric oxide (NO), and tissue section histopathology. The composition of intestinal microbiota was determined by genome sequencing analysis of the 16S rDNA.

Analysis of bZIP Transcription Factor Family and Their Expressions under Salt Stress in .

The basic leucine-region zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) act as crucial regulators in various biological processes and stress responses in plants. Currently, bZIP family members and their functions remain elusive in the green unicellular algae , an important model organism for molecular investigation with genetic engineering aimed at increasing lipid yields for better biodiesel production. In this study, a total of 17 bZIP (CrebZIP) TFs containing typical bZIP structure were identified by a genome-wide analysis.

Characterisation of phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDATs) from and their roles in stress responses.

As an important oilseed worldwide, is being increasingly explored for its use in production of food, feed, biofuel and industrial chemicals. However, detailed mechanisms of camelina oil biosynthesis and accumulation, particularly in vegetative tissues, are understood to a very small extent. Here, we present genome-wide identification, cloning and functional analysis of phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) in , which catalyses the final acylation step in triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis by transferring a fatty acyl moiety from a phospholipid to diacylglycerol (DAG).

Modeling of carbon dioxide mass transfer behavior in attached cultivation photobioreactor using the analysis of the pH profiles.

The CO mass transfer model associated with growth kinetics of microalgal biofilm in attached cultivation photobioreactor was developed and verified by using the analysis of pH profiles which were in equilibrium with inorganic carbon components concentrations (CO, HCO, HCO and CO) in medium. Model simulation results showed that the model well presented the biofilm growth process. The overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient of CO was more influenced by CO concentration in aerated gas but less by gas aeration rate and medium circulation rate.

Aeration strategy for biofilm cultivation of the microalga Scenedesmus dimorphus.

Objective: Biofilm cultivation of microalgae may be useful for biofuel production. However, many aspects for this cultivation method have not been well assessed. Accordingly, aeration strategy for biofilm cultivation of Scenedesmus dimorphus has been explored.

Joint production of biodiesel and bioethanol from filamentous oleaginous microalgae Tribonema sp.

Making full use of lipid and carbohydrate in microalgae for joint production of biodiesel and bioethanol may create a potential way to cut the high cost of single biofuel production from microalgae. Compared with conventional unicellular oleaginous microalgae, filamentous microalgae Tribonema sp. is richer in lipid and carbohydrate contents and lower protein content, thus, this study explores the suitability of Tribonema sp.