Phyto-pharmacological wonders of genus : Ethnopharmacological insights and phytochemical treasures from natural products.

Natural products have perennially served as a cornerstone for the genesis of novel medicinal compounds. Most clinical therapeutics originate from ancestral herbal remedies and their formulations. Scholars and practitioners have always aimed to extract better remedies to treat various ailments.

The miraculous Asian fruit Baccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg. (Rambai): exploring the phyto-pharmacological potentials of fruit peel through GC-MS/MS, in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches.

Introduction: Baccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg. (Rambai), an Asian fruit belonging to the Phyllanthaceae family, is cultivated throughout Southeast Asia and has been traditionally utilized in folk medicine to address eye discomfort, digestive issues, insomnia, and fevers.

Unveiling the Therapeutic Potentials of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) Flower against Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Depressive Disorders: GC-MS/MS, In Vitro, In Vivo and In Silico Approaches.

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) is a highly invasive aquatic weed native to the Amazonia basin, known for its rapid propagation, adaptability, and utilization in traditional medicine. The study aims to unveil the therapeutic potential of water hyacinth flowers methanolic extract (EC CME) and its four kupchan fractions (EC PESF, EC DCMSF, EC EASF, EC ASF) through diversified chemical-pharmacological approaches.

Single-cell RNA landscape of cell heterogeneity and immune microenvironment in ligation-induced vascular remodeling in rat.

Background And Aims: Vascular remodeling is a common pathological basis for cardiovascular diseases. Although both immune and non-immune cells have been suggested to contribute to this process, the complex cellular heterogeneity and intercellular interactions remain largely uncharacterized.

Methods And Results: In this study, we simulated early and late vascular remodeling by ligating the rat carotid artery for 1 week and 4 weeks, respectively.

Prevalence and Vascular Distribution of Multiterritorial Atherosclerosis Among Community-Dwelling Adults in Southeast China.

Importance: Data are limited on the prevalence and vascular distribution of multiterritorial atherosclerotic plaque and stenosis in community populations.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and vascular distribution of multiterritorial atherosclerotic plaque and stenosis in older, community-dwelling populations in China.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study was based on the baseline survey from the Polyvascular Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Events (PRECISE) study, a population-based prospective cohort study that enrolled community-dwelling adults aged 50 to 75 years based on cluster sampling from 6 villages and 4 living communities of Lishui city in southeast China.

Correlation between Renal Artery Anatomy and Hypertension: A Retrospective Analysis of 3000 Patients.

Objective: To assess the correlation between renal artery anatomy and blood pressure in Undiagnosed Hypertension and Diagnosed Hypertension.

Methods: The renal artery CT scanning imaging data and laboratory data of 3000 inpatients and outpatients were collected retrospectively in 4 centers of China. Morphometric parameters were assessed using the quantitative vascular analysis (unit: mM).

circFAT1(e2) Inhibits Cell Apoptosis and Facilitates Progression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells through miR-298/MYB Axis.

Presently, as one of the three types of muscles in the human body, smooth muscle carries out many biological activities. Meanwhile, its abnormal development also leads to many diseases. Circular RNA, belonging to the noncoding RNA family, is demonstrated to function importantly in various diseases including smooth muscle.

Estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) is a predictor for acute myocardial infarction in-hospital mortality: analysis based on MIMIC-III database.

Background: Estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) has been reported that associated with poor prognosis in heart failure patients. However, no researchinvestigated the association of ePVS and prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, we aimed to determine the association between ePVS and in-hospital mortality in AMI patients.

Endothelial deletion of SHP2 suppresses tumor angiogenesis and promotes vascular normalization.

SHP2 mediates the activities of multiple receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and its function in endothelial processes has been explored extensively. However, genetic studies on the role of SHP2 in tumor angiogenesis have not been conducted. Here, we show that SHP2 is activated in tumor endothelia.

Naringin Ameliorates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Through Endothelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition Inhibition.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) caused by enhanced arterial pressure increases vessel resistance in the lung. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) plays key roles in the vascular remodeling in PAH. Naringin, a protective gaseous mediator is commonly extracted from tomatoes and citrus fruits (such as grapefruits), and demonstrates anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferation, and anti-tumor effects.

Sodium Selenite Attenuates Balloon Injury-Induced and Monocrotaline-Induced Vascular Remodeling in Rats.

Vascular remodeling (VR), induced by the massive proliferation and reduced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is primarily responsible for many cardiovascular conditions, such as restenosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Sodium selenite (SSE) is an inorganic selenium, which can block proliferation and stimulate apoptosis of tumor cells; still, its protective effects on VR remains unknown. In this study, we established rat models with carotid artery balloon injury and monocrotaline induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and administered them SSE (0.

Blood Urea Nitrogen and In-Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Cardiogenic Shock: Analysis of the MIMIC-III Database.

The association between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and prognosis has been the focus of recent research. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the association between BUN and hospital mortality in critically ill patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). This was a retrospective cohort study, in which data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III V1.

The association of fracture risk in atrial fibrillation patients and long-term anticoagulant therapy category: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Our study aimed to assess the risk of all fractures and hip fractures in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who took non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) compared to warfarin.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library and Clinical Trials.gov Website.

Icariin Attenuates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension via the Inhibition of TGF-1/Smads Pathway in Rats.

Background: Pulmonary artery remodeling is important in the development of pulmonary artery hypertension. The TGF-1/Smads signaling pathway is activated in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in rats. Icariin (ICA) suppresses the TGF-1/Smad2 pathway in myocardial fibrosis in rats.

PolyvasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and vaScular Events (PRECISE)-a population-based prospective cohort study: rationale, design and baseline participant characteristics.

Background And Purpose: Cardiovascular diseases and dementia are two major diseases in the elderly. Atherosclerosis is associated with future vascular events and cognitive impairment. The PolyvasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and vaScular Events (PRECISE) study is a population-based prospective cohort study with comprehensive evaluation of multiterritorial artery stenosis and plaque using advanced vascular imaging techniques and prospective collection of vascular events and cognitive assessments.

PDLIM5 inhibits STUB1-mediated degradation of SMAD3 and promotes the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells.

Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling plays an important role in regulating tumor malignancy, including in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The major biological responses of TGFβ signaling are determined by the effector proteins SMAD2 and SMAD3. However, the regulators of TGFβ-SMAD signaling are not completely revealed yet.

MiR-124-3p reduces angiotensin II-dependent hypertension by down-regulating EGR1.

Through previous literature studies, we found that miR-124-3p may be associated with hypertension. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between miR-124-3p and hypertension in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) induced by angiotensin II (AngII). AngII-induced HUVECs model was constructed and the expression of miR-124-3p was detected by qRT-PCR.

Endothelial Scaffolding Protein ENH (Enigma Homolog Protein) Promotes PHLPP2 (Pleckstrin Homology Domain and Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein Phosphatase 2)-Mediated Dephosphorylation of AKT1 and eNOS (Endothelial NO Synthase) Promoting Vascular Remodeling.

Objective: A decrease in nitric oxide, leading to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, is a common pathological feature of vascular proliferative diseases. Nitric oxide synthesis by eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) is precisely regulated by protein kinases including AKT1. ENH (enigma homolog protein) is a scaffolding protein for multiple protein kinases, but whether it regulates eNOS activation and vascular remodeling remains unknown.

Salvianolic acid a inhibits platelet activation and aggregation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Platelets in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are characterized by increased activation and aggregation, which tends to be associated with a high morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, a large proportion of DM2 patients show an inadequate response to standard antiplatelet treatments, contributing to recurrent cardiovascular events. In our previous study, we indicated that Salvianolic acid A (SAA) presents an antiplatelet effect in healthy volunteers.

Inhibitory effects of formononetin on the monocrotaline‑induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal syndrome resulting from enhanced pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vessel resistance. Perivascular inflammation and extracellular matrix deposition are considered to be the crucial pathophysiologic bases of PAH. Formononetin (FMN), a natural phytoestrogen isolated from red clover (Trifolium pratense), has a variety of proapoptotic, anti‑inflammatory and anti‑tumor activities.

Formononetin attenuates monocrotaline‑induced pulmonary arterial hypertension via inhibiting pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life‑threatening disease induced by the excessive proliferation and reduced apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Formononetin (FMN) is a natural isoflavone with numerous cardioprotective properties, which can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of tumor cells; however, whether FMN has a therapeutic effect on PAH remains unclear. In the present study, PAH was induced in rats with monocrotaline (MCT, 60 mg/kg); rats were then administered FMN (10, 30 or 60 mg/kg/day).

Thymoquinone suppresses platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration and neointimal formation.

The excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are mainly responsible for vascular occlusion diseases, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension and restenosis. Our previous study demonstrated thymoquinone (TQ) attenuated monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. The aim of the present study is to systematically examine inhibitory effects of TQ on platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs in vitro and neointimal formation in vivo and elucidate the potential mechanisms.

Shp2 in myocytes is essential for cardiovascular and neointima development.

Mutations in the PTPN11 gene, which encodes the protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, cause Noonan syndrome and LEOPARD syndrome, inherited multifaceted diseases including cardiac and vascular defects. However, the function of Shp2 in blood vessels, especially in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), remains largely unknown. We generated mice in which Shp2 was specifically deleted in VSMCs and embryonic cardiomyocytes using the SM22α-Cre transgenic mouse line.

Cerebral microbleeds are associated with blood pressure levels in individuals with hypertension.

: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), which appear as small dot-like hypointense lesions, are strongly associated with cerebrovascular disease. Recently, numerous investigations have suggested that hypertension and age are risk factors for CMBs; however, whether blood pressure grade and age rank are related to the severity of CMBs remains unclear. The purpose of this research was to assess the association between cerebral microbleeds and blood pressure levels.