Risk of Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B Reactivation in Patients With Crohn's Disease on Ustekinumab: A Nationwide Real-World Study.

Background: Ustekinumab (UST) was approved in China for moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease (CD) in 2020. The prevalence rates of tuberculosis and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are high in China, and no guideline clearly states that tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis or prophylactic anti-HBV therapy should be prescribed before UST administration. This study aimed to assess the risk of tuberculosis and HBV reactivation in CD patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and previous HBV infection receiving UST.

Predictive models for endoscopic disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis: Practical machine learning-based modeling and interpretation.

Background: Endoscopic disease activity monitoring is important for the long-term management of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), there is currently no widely accepted non-invasive method that can effectively predict endoscopic disease activity. We aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models for predicting it, which are desired to reduce the frequency of endoscopic examinations and related costs.

Methods: The patients with a diagnosis of UC in two hospitals from January 2016 to January 2021 were enrolled in this study.

Development of Early-Life Gastrointestinal Microbiota in the Presence of Antibiotics Alters the Severity of Acute DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice.

Early-life gastrointestinal microbiota development is crucial for physiological development and immunological homeostasis. In the current study, perinatal microbiota and the development of gastrointestinal microbiota in different early-life periods (perinatal, lactation, and postweaning nutrition periods) were explored by using an antibiotic-interfered mouse model and a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model. Gut microbiota samples were collected from mother mice and litters.

Prevalence of Malnutrition, Its Risk Factors, and the Use of Nutrition Support in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Malnutrition is prevalent among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nutritional profiles among Asian patients with IBD have seldom been investigated. We assessed the prevalence of and risk factors for malnutrition, use of nutrition support, and sociopsychological status associated with malnutrition among patients with IBD in China.

Treatment Decision-making in Chinese Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising in China, and the tendency for lifelong recurrence decreases patients' quality of life. However, no studies on treatment decision-making in Chinese patients with IBD exist. Thus, this study aimed to determine the actual and ideal decision-making, as well as factors affecting decision-making in Chinese IBD patients.

Intestinal ulcers as an initial finding in EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder: A case report.

Rationale: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) usually occurs in children and young adults. Gastrointestinal involvement is rare. EBV-associated T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder manifesting as intestinal ulcers poses diagnostic challenges clinically and pathologically because of the atypical manifestations.

Chromatin remodeling factor lymphoid-specific helicase links with Epstein-Barr virus associated the follicular germinal center B cell lymphomas.

Background: We assessed the frequency of epigenetic lesions, including lymphoid-specific helicase (LSH), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) and E2F1, and the possible correlations among molecular findings, phenotype, clinical features, and outcome.

Methods: We investigated 181 paraffin-embedded B-cell lymphoma samples using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.

Results: The levels of Ki67, LSH, 5-hmC, and E2F1 were all increased in germinal center B-cell lymphomas when compared with those in normal lymph nodes, and LSH was highly expressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) and Burkitt lymphomas (BLs) that were positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, indicating that LSH is linked to EBV infection in DLBCL and BL.

Development and Validation of a Novel Diagnostic Nomogram to Differentiate Between Intestinal Tuberculosis and Crohn's Disease: A 6-year Prospective Multicenter Study.

Objectives: Differentiating Crohn's disease (CD) from intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) remains a diagnostic challenge. Misdiagnosis carries potential grave implications. We aimed to develop and validate a novel diagnostic nomogram for differentiating them.

Dynamic distribution of gallbladder microbiota in rabbit at different ages and health states.

The internal environment of the gallbladder has been considered extremely unfavorable for bacterial growth, and the microbial profile of the gallbladder still unknown. By high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, we studied the microbial profile of the gallbladder from healthy rabbits before and after weaning. Moreover, we investigated the difference of microbiota between the gallbladder and gut.

Osteoporosis as an initial manifestation in a patient with Crohn's disease: A case report.

The present case report details a rare case of osteoporosis as the initial manifestation of Crohn's disease (CD). A 43-year-old male was referred to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (Changsha, China) for further examination of low back pain (LBP) without digestive symptoms. Bone mineral density (BMD) analysis indicated osteoporosis, particularly in the lumbar spine.

Colorectal carcinoma masked by systemic inflammatory response syndrome: A case report.

The present study described the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (Changsha, China) with progressive abdominal pain, distention and diarrhea. These symptoms were diagnosed as the initial manifestations of systemic inflammatory response syndrome associated with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The presentation appeared as a common emergency medical case, which was eventually recognized as a CRC masked by this emergency symptom.

Complications Following Stem Cell Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Backgrounds: Pharmacotherapy and surgery constitute the mainstay of treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). But post-treatment relapsing and recurrence persist as concerns in patients with IBD. Stem cell therapy (SCT) has emerged as a promising treatment strategy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including hematopoietic stem cells (HST), mensenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Multivariate analysis of metastasis‑related risk factors for patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors based on clinicopathological and endoscopic features.

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP‑NETs) are relatively uncommon. Unfortunately, epidemiological studies on the incidence of GEP‑NETs worldwide have reported a marked increase in the detection of these tumors. Although they often exhibit relatively indolent clinical courses, GEP‑NETs have the potential for lethal progression, especially in patients who present with advanced disease.

Glycoprotein screening in colorectal cancer based on differentially expressed Tn antigen.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and the identification of new biomarkers for CRC is valuable for its diagnosis and treatment. We aimed to screen differentially expressed glycoproteins (especially O-glycoproteins) and to identify diagnostic or therapeutic candidates for colorectal cancer (CRC) based on different Tn antigen expression levels. Fresh cancer tissues and adjacent healthy tissues were obtained from CRC patients and classified into three groups based on their Tn antigen expression: CRC with negative Tn expression (CRC Tn‑), CRC with positive Tn expression (CRC Tn+) and normal control without Tn expression (NC).

Different Effects of Three Selected Lactobacillus Strains in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in BALB/c Mice.

Aim: To analyze the changes of different Lactobacillus species in ulcerative colitis patients and to further assess the therapeutic effects of selected Lactobacillus strains on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in BALB/c mice.

Methods: Forty-five active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and 45 population-based healthy controls were enrolled. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and real-time PCR were performed for qualitative and quantitative analyses, respectively, of the Lactobacillus species in UC patients.

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma with extensive lymph node involvement: A case report.

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is an extremely rare neoplasm originating from the follicular dendritic cells in the lymphoid follicles. Current knowledge on its pathogenesis is limited and a well-defined treatment is required. The main channel through which clinicians obtain practical information on FDCS is via studying published case reports.

Computed tomographic enterography adds value to colonoscopy in differentiating Crohn's disease from intestinal tuberculosis: a potential diagnostic algorithm.

Background: Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) are chronic granulomatous disorders that are difficult to distinguish. Computed tomographic enterography (CTE) yields striking findings for Crohn's disease in the small bowel but its role in differentiating Crohn's from ITB is undefined. This prospective study aimed to investigate the value of CTE for differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease and ITB.

Identification of HnRNP M as a novel biomarker for colorectal carcinoma by quantitative proteomics.

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, and identification of new CRC biomarkers will be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. For isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis, fresh CRC and adjacent, colonic adenoma, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and noncancerous colonic epithelial tissue were obtained from patients at the 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China. The function of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (HnRNP M) during the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of CRC cells in vitro was evaluated.

Clinical, laboratory, endoscopical and histological characteristics predict severe ulcerative colitis.

Background/aims: Ulcerative colitis is a remitting and relapsing chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon with a mortality rate of 7% from acute severe UC.

Methodology: A retrospective study of the correlation of clinical indicators, laboratory indicators, endoscopical features, and histological features with clinical severity of UC was conducted in 125 UC cases.

Results: Diarrhea, mucous and pus in the stool, fever, anemia, weight loss and tachycardia symptoms and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, concentrations of C-reactive protein, amount of white blood cells and platelets, and positive occult blood test positively correlated with the severity of disease.

[Respective analysis of dead patients with cirrhosis by Child-Pugh score and model of end-stage liver disease score].

Objective: To understand the value of Child-Pugh (CP) classification and model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score for patients with cirrhosis and their prognosis by retrospectively analyzing the two methods in hemorrhage death and non-hemorrhage death in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: A total of 72 patients who died of cirrhosis (the death group) were analyzed retrospectively, and the initial data in the hospital before death were collected. The initial information of the control group (88 patients) at the same time was also obtained.

Lactobacillus crispatus M206119 exacerbates murine DSS-colitis by interfering with inflammatory responses.

Aim: To investigate the role of Lactobacillus crispatus (L. crispatus) strain China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) M206119 in intestinal inflammation.

Methods: Forty 8-wk-old Balb/c mice (20 ± 2 g) were divided into four groups of 10 mice each.

Joint effect of polymorphism in the N-acetyltransferase 2 gene and smoking on hepatocellular carcinoma.

The N-acetyltransferase 2 gene (NAT2) has been implicated in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the results have been inconsistent. In this study, the authors performed a meta-analysis to clarify the association between NAT2 polymorphism and HCC risk.

[Characteristics and differential diagnosis of intestinal flora in Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis].

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of intestinal flora in Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITb), and to find potential identification features to differentiate these 2 diseases.

Methods: Fifteen CD patients, 23 ITb patients, and 21 healthy volunteers (controls) were enrolled from June 2007 to November 2009. Selective culturing was used for the enumeration of bacteria count.

Predictors of clinical and endoscopic findings in differentiating Crohn's disease from intestinal tuberculosis.

Background: There are many similarities and overlaps in clinical manifestations and ileocolonoscopic features between Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). Differentiation between CD and ITB is of great importance.

Aim: To investigate the values of clinical and endoscopic findings in differential diagnosis between CD and ITB.