Advances in targeted delivery of mRNA into immune cells for enhanced cancer therapy.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy has been applied to the treatment of various human diseases including malignant tumors. Increasing evidences have shown that mRNA can enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by modulating the functions of immune cells and stimulating their activity. However, mRNA is a type of negatively charged biomacromolecules that are susceptible to serum nucleases and cannot readily cross the cell membrane.

Application of slow-controlled release fertilizer coordinates the carbon flow in carbon-nitrogen metabolism to effect rice quality.

Slow-controlled release fertilizers are experiencing a popularity in rice cultivation due to their effectiveness in yield and quality with low environmental costs. However, the underlying mechanism by which these fertilizers regulate grain quality remains inadequately understood. This study investigated the effects of five fertilizer management practices on rice yield and quality in a two-year field experiment: CK, conventional fertilization, and four applications of slow-controlled release fertilizer (UF, urea formaldehyde; SCU, sulfur-coated urea; PCU, polymer-coated urea; BBF, controlled-release bulk blending fertilizer).

Bioactive Nanotherapeutic Ultrasound Contrast Agent for Concurrent Breast Cancer Ultrasound Imaging and Treatment.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) plays a crucial role in cancer diagnosis. The use of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) is inevitable in CEUS. However, current applications of UCAs primarily focus on enhancing imaging quality of ultrasound contrast rather than serving as integrated platforms for both diagnosis and treatment in clinical settings.

Development of a predictive nomogram for intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer patients after fixed 3.7GBq (100mCi) radioiodine remnant ablation.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a predictive nomogram for intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients after fixed 3.7GBq (100mCi) radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA).

Methods: Data from 265 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection (CND) and received RRA treatment at a single institution between January 2018 and March 2023 were analyzed.

Liaw's Ellipse Anteversion Method for Distinguishing Acetabular Component Retroversion from Anteversion on Plain Radiographs.

Improper acetabulum component position is a significant risk factor for postoperative dislocation after total hip arthroplasty. Several radiographic two-dimensional methods exist for measuring acetabulum component anteversion, but they cannot distinguish between anteversion and retroversion. "Liaw's version," initially proposed as a simple mathematical standardized two-dimensional method, was modified to the computerized ellipse method, proving superior accuracy to traditional two-dimensional methods.

Repolarization of macrophages to improve sorafenib sensitivity for combination cancer therapy.

Sorafenib is the first line drug for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. However, HCC patients usually acquire resistance to sorafenib treatment within 6 months. Recent evidences have shown that anticancer drugs with antiangiogenesis effect (e.

TME-Responsive Multistage Nanoplatform for siRNA Delivery and Effective Cancer Therapy.

Since the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi), RNAi technology has rapidly developed into an efficient tool for post-transcriptional gene silencing, which has been widely used for clinical or preclinical treatment of various diseases including cancer. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is the effector molecule of RNAi technology. However, as polyanionic macromolecules, naked siRNAs have a short circulatory half-life (<15 min) and is rapidly cleared by renal filtration, which greatly hinders their clinical application.

[Corrigendum] The specific killing effect of matrine on castration‑resistant prostate cancer cells by targeting the Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway.

Subsequently to the publication of the article, the authors have realized that some errors were contained therein that went uncorrected before the paper was sent to press. First, Fig. 4 contained a pair of data panels that had been misplaced: The LY294002, PC‑3 data panel in Fig.

Effect of tongue-to-palate resistance training on tongue strength in healthy adults.

Objective: Tongue strength is crucial for safe and efficient oropharyngeal swallowing. This study examined the effect of tongue-to-palate resistance training (TPRT) on anterior and posterior tongue strength by conducting a prospective, randomized, parallel allocation trial.

Methods: Ninety-one healthy adults were recruited in this study and were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 44) or a control group (n = 47).

Shape Matters: Comprehensive Analysis of Star-Shaped Lipid Nanoparticles.

The research of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) has been ongoing for more than three decades, and more research are still being carried out today. Being the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved nanomedicine, LNPs not only provide various advantages, but also display some unique properties. The unique lipid bilayer structure of LNPs allows it to encapsulate both fat-soluble and water-soluble molecules, hence enabling a wide range of possibilities for the delivery of therapeutic agents with different physical and chemical properties.

Redox-responsive polyprodrug nanoparticles for targeted siRNA delivery and synergistic liver cancer therapy.

Combination therapy has been developed as an innovative modality for effective cancer therapy. However, the administration of combinatorial therapeutics is limited by the varying pharmacokinetics of different drugs. Although numerous nanoparticles (NPs) can synchronize the delivery of combinatorial therapeutics to tumor cells, their clinical translation is still challenged, which is partly due to the complexity to precisely control the loading of combinatorial therapeutics to maximize therapeutic efficacy and suboptimal NP properties.

The comparison of transurethral versus suprapubic catheter after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The transurethral catheter (TUC) or supra-pubic catheter is commonly used after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). However, the best way of urine drainage after the operation is still controversial.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science databases and the reference lists of relevant articles was performed up to July 2019.

A polyprodrug-based nanoplatform for cisplatin prodrug delivery and combination cancer therapy.

Polyprodrug-based delivery technique is a fast-growing and effective strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of small molecule drugs. We herein developed a robust mitoxantrone (MTO)-based polyprodrug nanoplatform for systemic cisplatin prodrug delivery and combination cancer therapy. Our results show that this nanoplatform can concurrently transport MTO and cisplatin to tumor cells and significantly inhibit tumor growth.

Stimuli-Responsive Polymer-Prodrug Hybrid Nanoplatform for Multistage siRNA Delivery and Combination Cancer Therapy.

Nanoparticles (NPs) formulated with cationic lipids and/or polymers have shown substantial potential for systemic delivery of RNA therapeutics such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. While both cationic lipids and polymers have demonstrated the promise to facilitate siRNA encapsulation and endosomal escape, they could also hamper cytosolic siRNA release due to charge interaction and induce potential toxicities. Herein, a unique polymer-prodrug hybrid NP platform was developed for multistage siRNA delivery and combination cancer therapy.

Polo-like kinase 3 is associated with poor prognosis and regulates proliferation and metastasis in prostate cancer.

Background: Biological mechanism of prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence and progress is complex but many of the key elements are not fully understood. Polo-like kinases (Plks) represent a family of highly conserved serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in cell cycle progression. Plk3 plays contradictory roles in different cancers.

High levels of glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 predicts a poor prognosis for prostate cancer.

Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) is associated with the progression of oligodendroglioma. However, there has been little study of GLTSCR1 in prostate cancer. In the present study, the association between the expression of GLTSCR1, and the progression and prognosis of tumors in patients with prostate cancer was assessed.

Spirally Configured ( cis-Stilbene) Trimers: Steady-State and Time-Resolved Photophysical Studies and Organic Light-Emitting Diode Applications.

This article reports for the time-resolved photophysical studies of spirally configured ( cis-stilbene) trimers and their spin-coated organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device performances. Transient absorption profiles of spirally configured, ter-( cis-stilbene) were studied by pulse radiolysis. The emission profiles after charge recombination of their incipient radical ions in benzene provides insights into the emission mechanism and efficiency in OLED devices.

Decreased expression of serine protease inhibitor family G1 (SERPING1) in prostate cancer can help distinguish high-risk prostate cancer and predicts malignant progression.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of serine proteinase inhibitor family G1 (SERPING1) down-regulation with poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Furthermore, we aim to find more novel and effective PCa molecular markers to provide an early screening of PCa, distinguish patients with aggressive PCa, predict the prognosis, or reduce the economic burden of PCa.

Methods: SERPING1 protein expression in both human PCa and normal prostate tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining, which intensity was analyzed in association with clinical pathological parameters such Gleason score, pathological grade, clinical stage, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis.

Matrine inhibits the progression of prostate cancer by promoting expression of GADD45B.

Background: Matrine is a naturally occurring alkaloid extracted from the Chinese herb Sophora flavescens. It has been demonstrated to exhibit antiproliferative properties, promote apoptosis, and inhibit cell invasion in a number of cancer cell lines by modulating the NF-κB pathway to downregulate the expression of MMP2 and MM9. It has also been shown to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy when it is combined with other chemotherapy drugs.

High levels of DEPDC1B predict shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival of patients with prostate cancer.

DEP domain-containing protein 1B (DEPDC1B) has been reported to serve important functions in breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. However, its involvement in the development of prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of DEPDC1B in tumor tissues from patients diagnosed with PCa.

The specific killing effect of matrine on castration-resistant prostate cancer cells by targeting the Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway.

Matrine, a Sophora alkaloid, exhibits antiproliferative and anti-carcinogenic activities through several mechanisms. In a previous study, we found that matrine could effectively inhibit the proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In the present study, the effect of matrine and LY294002 on the expression of the Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway was examined by western blot analyses and RT-PCR.