Surgical Treatment of Synkinetic Eyelid Closure in Marin-amat Syndrome Complicated by Facial Palsy After COVID-19 Vaccination.

Background: Marin-Amat syndrome is a rare, irreversible, and hard-to-treat neurological sequalae that has recently been associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Given the rarity of this condition and the absence of curative treatment to date, the authors herein review the literature to date and report the first ever successful surgical treatment of 2 patients who developed Marin-Amat syndrome after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination.

Materials And Methods: In this case study, the authors treated Marin-Amat syndrome in a 45-year-old woman and a 75-year-old woman with facial palsy that developed 24 days and 4 months after receiving COVID-19 vaccination, respectively.

Resolving conjunctival prolapse following severe blepharoptosis correction: A simple sutureless direct excision technique and systematic review.

Background: Conjunctival prolapse (CP) is an uncommon but challenging condition following maximal levator resection (MLR) and other extensive periorbital procedures. MLR extending beyond the Whitnall's ligament is frequently performed to address severe blepharoptosis with poor levator function (LF). Patients with CP may encounter symptoms such as ocular discomfort, tearing, vision impairment, persistent conjunctival chemosis, lagophthalmos, or exposure keratopathy.

Extended frontalis orbicularis oculi muscle flap shortening for treating refractory apraxia of eyelid opening associated with blepharospasm.

Background: Refractory apraxia of eyelid opening (AEO) is mostly unresponsive to botulinum toxin (BTx) and inevitably leads to functional blindness. To treat this challenging condition, an innovative surgical technique was proposed.

Methods: The extended frontalis orbicularis oculi muscle (FOOM) flap shortening consisting of frontalis suspension, partial myectomy, and myotomy in situ of eyelid protractors was applied to treat refractory AEO associated with blepharospasm.

Evaluation of Blepharoptosis in Patients With Refractory Blepharospasm by VISA-Video Recordings, Idiosyncratic Expressions, Sensory Tricks, and Ancillary Procedures.

Background: How to evaluate blepharoptosis concomitantly presented with refractory and uncontrollable blepharospasm? To date, there is a paucity of publications on the ideal evaluation methods. An innovative method-video recordings, idiosyncratic facial expressions, sensory tricks, and ancillary procedures (VISA)-is developed for preoperative evaluation, and the surgical outcomes are demonstrated.

Methods: A retrospective study using VISA for blepharoptosis evaluation was conducted on 51 patients with refractory blepharospasm.

Selective Myectomy and Myotomy In Situ for the Management of Refractory Blepharospasm in Meige Syndrome.

Background: Meige syndrome is characterized by involuntary blepharospasm and varied subphenotypes of oromandibular tonic-clonic muscle contraction. Despite botulinum toxin (BTx) being the mainstay of treatment for Meige syndrome, a small subset of patients remain refractory to its effects because the disease is a form of functional blindness. An integrative surgical procedure combining selective myectomy and myotomy in situ of eyelid protractors, blepharoptosis correction, and tightening of the lower eyelid laxity was first applied to treat refractory blepharospasm in patients with Meige syndrome.

Nontechnical skills for the surgery clerkship in the operating room based on adult learning principles in Taiwan.

Medical education has traditionally been rooted in the teaching of medical knowledge and surgical technique in the operating room, with little attention to the nontechnical skills (NTS) that include situational awareness, decision-making, teamwork and communication, and leadership. Under the guidance of adult learning principles, the aim of this study is to evaluate the learning outcomes of the NTS program for the surgery clerkship in the operation room in Taiwan. Self-directed learning principles were practiced during this 2-week subspecialty rotation.

Treatment algorithm for Kimura's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment modalities and prognostic predictors.

Background: Kimura's disease is a rare, chronic inflammatory condition that usually manifests as highly recurrent head and neck tumors.

Objective: Systematic review of recurrence predictors following surgical excision.

Materials And Methods: The pathologically confirmed cases at the tertiary medical center were reviewed.

Lateral Tarsoplasty for Managing Ectropion and Laxity of the Lower Eyelid.

Background: The most challenging complication associated with lower blepharoplasty is ectropion, and the traditional lateral canthopexy or canthoplasty procedure may carry the risk of eyelid malposition or subsequent chemosis. We propose lateral tarsoplasty with a detailed description of the techniques to treat and even prevent ectropion by not involving the medial or lateral canthal ligament so as to avoid complications.

Materials And Methods: Lower eyelid laxity was analyzed with the snap-back test and distraction test before surgery.

Cilostazol Ameliorates Peripheral Neuropathic Pain in Streptozotocin-Induced Type I Diabetic Rats.

Cilostazol is an antiplatelet agent with vasodilating, endothelial function restoration, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of oral cilostazol for preventing the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Ninety adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: 1) naïve (control); 2) diabetic (DM); 3) DM receiving 10 mg/kg cilostazol (cilo-10); 4) DM receiving 30 mg/kg cilostazol (cilo-30); and 5) DM receiving 100 mg/kg cilostazol (cilo-100).

The Function-Preserving Frontalis Orbicularis Oculi Muscle Flap for the Correction of Severe Blepharoptosis With Poor Levator Function.

Background: Severe blepharoptosis with poor levator function (LF) has traditionally been managed with exogenous frontalis suspension but complications such as lagophthalmos, infection, and rejection are often reported.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to design a function-preserving frontalis orbicularis oculi muscle (FOOM) flap to correct severe blepharoptosis with poor LF. The long-term surgical outcome of the technique was assessed.

Personal Approach to Optimizing Inframammary Fold Incision for Asian Augmentation Mammoplasty.

Background: The rates of aesthetic breast augmentation have risen substantially in Asia. Outcomes of various breast augmentation approaches in Asia have not been comprehensively studied. In the past, the inframammary approach to breast augmentation was not popular because of conspicuous scarring.

Disparity of perspectives between teachers and learners on perioperative teaching and learning.

Background: To build a consensus about learning objectives in the operating room, the aim of the study was to evaluate both surgical teacher and learner perspectives on perioperative teaching and learning in Taiwan.

Methods: Twelve main technical and non-technical learning objectives in the operating room were evaluated by learners and surgical teachers in Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. The learners included postgraduate year (PGY) 1-3 residents (junior learner, JL) and PGY 4-7 residents (senior learner, SL).

Myotomy In Situ for Essential Blepharospasm Refractory to Botulinum Toxin.

Background: Full myectomy is recommended for benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) refractory to botulinum toxin (BT) treatment, but long-term swelling, scar contracture, hollow appearance, and unnatural contour of the eyelids are common postoperative complications. We present myotomy in situ to minimize these adverse outcomes.

Methods: The redundant eyelid skin with its underlying muscle is resected first, and myotomy in situ is performed by completely cutting the residual orbicularis oculi muscles into multiple cubes and down to the subcutaneous layer, and then cutting the procerus and corrugator muscles down to the periosteum.

Triamcinolone Acetonide Suppresses Keloid Formation Through Enhancing Apoptosis in a Nude Mouse Model.

Background: Current understanding of steroid treatments for keloids is in regards to modulation of inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis, with no in vivo study on the latter. Using a nude mouse model, we investigated whether triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injections induce keloids regression through enhancing apoptosis.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six keloid specimens (1 × 1 cm) were harvested from 6 patients and separated into sets of 2 from the same patient: no treatment and intralesional TA injection (0.

Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Enable Long-Term Detection of Human Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells in an In Vivo Chondrogenesis Model Using Decellularized Extracellular Matrices and Fibrin Glue Polymer.

Clinically available materials, including allogeneic irradiated costal cartilage and fibrin glue polymer, were used as scaffolds for in vivo chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (hASCs) in the attempt to develop a more efficient treatment over current methods. Current studies include the use of growth-factor stimulation, tissue engineering, and biocompatible materials; however, most methods involve complicated processes and pose clinical limitations. In this report, the xenografts in the experimental group composed of a diced decellularized cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), hASCs, and fibrin glue polymer were implanted into the subcutaneous layer of nude mice, and the results were compared with two groups of controls; one control group received implantation of decellularized cartilage ECM and fibrin glue polymer, and the other control group received implantation of hASCs mixed with fibrin glue polymer.

Differential Response of Non-cancerous and Malignant Breast Cancer Cells to Conditioned Medium of Adipose tissue-derived Stromal Cells (ASCs).

: The application of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine has become a growing trend due to its abundance and differentiation potentials. However, several breast cancer studies indicated that ASCs promote tumor progression, therefore, the use of ASCs for reconstruction after oncological surgery poses potential risks. In this study, we aimed to examine whether cancerous or non-cancerous breast cells will exhibit different responses to ASC-derived CM.

The Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Blepharoptosis in Taiwanese Population.

Background: Blepharoptosis describes a condition of low-lying upper eyelid that may affect individuals of all ages under various etiologies. It may be of congenital or acquired form by the timing of onset or be divided into myogenic, neurogenic, aponeurotic, or mechanical types according to the mechanism. Our goal was to report the characteristics of age-specific blepharoptosis and to analyze the association between levator function (LF) and ptosis severity of each ptosis subtype.

Hyaluronic Acid-Povidone-Iodine Compound Facilitates Diabetic Wound Healing in a Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Rodent Model.

Background: This study investigated whether a hyaluronic acid-povidone-iodine compound can enhance diabetic wound healing.

Methods: A dorsal skin defect (6 × 5 cm) in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes rodent model was used. Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: I, normal control; II, diabetic control, no treatment; III, diabetic rats, lower molecular weight (100 kDa) hyaluronic acid; IV, rats, higher molecular weight (1000 kDa) hyaluronic acid; V, rats, 0.