Low-Intensity Online Intervention for Mental Distress Among Help-Seeking Young People in Hong Kong: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Mental health issues among young people are increasingly concerning. Conventional psychological interventions face challenges, including limited staffing, time commitment, and low completion rates.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a low-intensity online intervention on young people in Hong Kong experiencing moderate or greater mental distress.

Inferring strain-level mutational drivers of phage-bacteria interaction phenotypes arising during coevolutionary dynamics.

The enormous diversity of bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts presents a significant challenge to predict which phages infect a focal set of bacteria. Infection is largely determined by complementary-and largely uncharacterized-genetics of adsorption, injection, cell take-over, and lysis. Here we present a machine learning approach to predict phage-bacteria interactions trained on genome sequences of and phenotypic interactions among 51 strains and 45 phage λ strains that coevolved in laboratory conditions for 37 days.

Factors related to the utilization of digital adherence technologies in tuberculosis care: A qualitative study among adults in DS-TB treatment, health care providers and other key actors in Tanzania.

Numerous challenges, such as lengthy treatment course, side effects, and distance to healthcare facilities contribute to suboptimal Tuberculosis (TB) treatment completion. Digital adherence technologies (DATs), such as smart pillboxes and medication labels, could be an alternative to facilitate TB treatment continuation. In-depth interviews with people undergoing treatment for drug susceptible TB, health care providers (HCPs) and other key actors were conducted to evaluate their experiences with DATs in ten health facilities across four different regions in Tanzania.

Digital Adherence Technologies and Differentiated Care for Tuberculosis Treatment and Their Acceptability Among Persons With Tuberculosis, Health Care Workers, and Key Informants in the Philippines: Qualitative Interview Study.

Background: Digital adherence technologies (DATs) are being studied to determine their potential to support tuberculosis (TB) treatment and address the shortcomings of directly observed therapy. Previous research has shown inconclusive results on whether DATs can enhance medication adherence among persons with TB.

Objective: This study aims to understand the acceptability of DATs, namely, medication labels and smart pillboxes, among persons with TB, health care workers (HCWs), and key informants (KIs) in the Philippines.

Cardiac power output ratio: Novel survival predictor after percutaneous ventricular assist device in cardiogenic shock.

Aims: Currently, there is limited data on prognostic indicators after insertion of percutaneous ventricular assist device (PVAD) in the treatment of cardiogenic shock (CS). This study evaluated the prognostic role of cardiac power output (CPO) ratio, defined as CPO at 24 h divided by early CPO (30 min to 2 h), in CS patients after PVAD.

Methods And Results: Consecutive CS patients from the QEH-PVAD Registry were followed up for survival at 90 days after PVAD.

Self-Biased Magneto-Electric Antenna for Very-Low-Frequency Communications: Exploiting Magnetization Grading and Asymmetric Structure-Induced Resonance.

VLF magneto-electric (ME) antennas have gained attention for their compact size and high radiation efficiency in lossy conductive environments. However, the need for a large DC magnetic field bias presents challenges for miniaturization, limiting portability. This study introduces a self-biased ME antenna with an asymmetric design using two magneto materials, inducing a magnetization grading effect that reduces the resonant frequency during bending.

Separation of photoionization and measurement-induced delays.

Photoionization of matter is one of the fastest electronic processes in nature. Experimental measurements of photoionization dynamics have become possible through attosecond metrology. However, all experiments reported to date contain a so-far unavoidable measurement-induced contribution, known as continuum-continuum (CC) or Coulomb-laser-coupling delay.

Inferring strain-level mutational drivers of phage-bacteria interaction phenotypes arising during coevolutionary dynamics.

The enormous diversity of bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts presents a significant challenge to predict which phages infect a focal set of bacteria. Infection is largely determined by complementary - and largely uncharacterized - genetics of adsorption, injection, cell take-over and lysis. Here we present a machine learning approach to predict phage-bacteria interactions trained on genome sequences of and phenotypic interactions amongst 51 strains and 45 phage strains that coevolved in laboratory conditions for 37 days.

Evaluation of a Low-Intensity Online Intervention (LiON) for Reducing Distress and Mental Health Symptoms in Young People.

Purpose: Enhancing young people's mental health is crucial given that most adult mental disorders develop before age 24 years. However, it is unclear whether low-intensity interventions delivered online can be effective. This study aimed to provide preliminary evidence on whether a low-intensity online intervention (LiON) can effectively lower young people's distress levels and mental health symptoms.

Towards a global partnership model in interprofessional education for cross-sector problem-solving.

Objectives: A partnership model in interprofessional education (IPE) is important in promoting a sense of global citizenship while preparing students for cross-sector problem-solving. However, the literature remains scant in providing useful guidance for the development of an IPE programme co-implemented by external partners. In this pioneering study, we describe the processes of forging global partnerships in co-implementing IPE and evaluate the programme in light of the preliminary data available.

Phase Stability and Dual-Mode Photoluminescence Modulation in Er-Doped Lead Zirconate Titanate Antiferroelectrics.

The electric-field-modulation (-modulation) of photoluminescence (PL) properties in bulk ceramics has attracted tremendous interest due to its potential application in optical data storage and communication devices. One promising approach of reversibly and largely modulating the PL intensity has been proposed in rare-earth Er-doped PbLaZrTiO (PLZT) antiferroelectrics (AFEs) based on the unique -dependent antiferroelectric-ferroelectric (AFE-FE) phase transition. However, the AFE phase stability of PLZT doped with various Er contents and their -modulated PL properties have not been systematically investigated.

Autonomous motivation predicts students' engagement and disaffection in interprofessional education: Scale adaptation and application.

Objectives: Despite the popularity of interprofessional education, the empirical and theoretical development of its scholarship and science is just emerging. This may be caused in part by the non-availability of measures that can be used by researchers in this field. This study aimed to contribute to the psychological theorizing of interprofessional education by uncovering the psychometric properties of Perceived Locus of Causality adapted to Interprofessional Education (PLOC-IPE) in healthcare education and provide a comprehensive guide on how this can be used to advance the IPE research agenda.

A learner corpus is born this way: From raw data to processed dataset.

This data article presents the development of a learner corpus (i.e. a systematic computerized web-based repository of written texts produced by language learners) from the initial phase of the development where written assignments were collected from language learners as raw data to the critical phases where the processed text data and meta data were aligned and transformed to the web interface of the corpus.

ACTIVATION OF THE MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIVIRAL SIGNALING PROTEIN (MAVS) FOLLOWING LIVER ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION AND ITS EFFECT ON INFLAMMATION AND INJURY.

Resuscitation of trauma patients after hemorrhagic shock causes global I/R, which may contribute to organ dysfunction. Oxidative stress resulting from I/R is known to induce signaling pathways leading to the production of inflammatory molecules culminating in organ dysfunction/injury. Our recent work demonstrated that oxidative stress was able to induce activation of the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), a protein known to be involved in antiviral immunity, in an in vitro model.

Leapfrog dynamics in phage-bacteria coevolution revealed by joint analysis of cross-infection phenotypes and whole genome sequencing.

Viruses and their hosts can undergo coevolutionary arms races where hosts evolve increased resistance and viruses evolve counter-resistance. Given these arms race dynamics (ARD), both players are predicted to evolve along a single trajectory as more recently evolved genotypes replace their predecessors. By coupling phenotypic and genomic analyses of coevolving populations of bacteriophage λ and Escherichia coli, we find conflicting evidence for ARD.

Plasma obtained following murine hindlimb ischemic conditioning protects against oxidative stress in zebrafish models through activation of nrf2a and downregulation of duox.

Ischemia/reperfusion of organ systems in trauma patients with resuscitated hemorrhagic shock (HSR) contributes to tissue injury and organ dysfunction. Previous studies using a murine model of HSR showed that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIC) protected against organ injury and that the plasma was able to prevent neutrophil migration in a zebrafish tailfin-cut inflammation model. In this study, we hypothesized that RIC plasma inhibits neutrophil function through a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via the upregulation of the transcription factor Nrf2 and downstream antioxidative genes.

Floquet wave theory-based time-corrected ultrasonic total focusing method for fiber-reinforced composite laminate.

Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) are increasingly used in thick primary load-bearing structures. Nevertheless, manufacturing and in-service defects occur with a higher chance as the FRP thickness increases and thus the potential structure defects should be detected and evaluated. To image defects in thick FRP over 10 mm thick, this study proposes a frequency-and-structure dependent time-corrected ultrasonic total focusing method (FS-TFM) based on Floquet wave theory, which differs from conventional TFM that the wave velocity correction along different propagation direction bases on not only the structural anisotropy and inhomogeneity of FRP, but also on the probing frequency.

Optimizing the Timing and Composition of Therapeutic Phage Cocktails: A Control-Theoretic Approach.

Viruses that infect bacteria, i.e., bacteriophage or 'phage,' are increasingly considered as treatment options for the control and clearance of bacterial infections, particularly as compassionate use therapy for multi-drug-resistant infections.

Quantitative Models of Phage-Antibiotic Combination Therapy.

The spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a global public health crisis. Bacteriophage therapy (or "phage therapy") constitutes a potential alternative approach to treat MDR infections. However, the effective use of phage therapy may be limited when phage-resistant bacterial mutants evolve and proliferate during treatment.

Inter-ligand delocalisations in transition metal complexes containing multiple non-innocent ligands.

Systematic bonding analysis has been carried out for transition metal complexes containing more than one redox-active/non-innocent ligand. These complexes include tetralithio spiroaromatic palladole, dicupra[10]annulene, highly reduced nickel cyclooctadiene complex and tris(dithiolene)vanadium(iv). Our detailed bonding analysis reveals a common inter-ligand delocalisation pattern in these cases.

Evaluation of in vitro embryotoxicity tests for Chinese herbal medicines.

Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have been widely used during pregnancy, but feto-embryo safety tests are lacking. Here we evaluated in vitro embryotoxicity tests (IVTs) as alternative methods in assessing developmental toxicity of CHMs. Ten CHMs were selected and classified as strongly, weakly and non-embryotoxic.

A Low Frequency Mechanical Transmitter Based on Magnetoelectric Heterostructures Operated at Their Resonance Frequency.

Magneto-elasto-electric (ME) coupling heterostructures, consisting of piezoelectric layers bonded to magnetostrictive ones, provide for a new class of electromagnetic emitter materials on which a portable (area ~ 16 cm²) very low frequency (VLF) transmitter technology could be developed. The proposed ME transmitter functions as follows: (a) a piezoelectric layer is first driven by alternating current AC electric voltage at its electromechanical resonance (EMR) frequency, (b) subsequently, this EMR excites the magnetostrictive layers, giving rise to magnetization change, (c) in turn, the magnetization oscillations result in oscillating magnetic fields. By Maxwell's equations, a corresponding electric field, is also generated, leading to electromagnetic field propagation.

Comparison of Radioactive Seed Localized Excision and Wire Localized Excision of Breast Lesions: A Community Hospital's Experience.

Background: Most data comparing wire localized excision (WLE) and radioactive seed localized excision (RSLE) derive from academic institutions with limited data from community hospitals. This study aimed to compare positive margin rates between WLE and RSLE and to determine if there were any differences in specimen volume and operation time.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent WLE or RSLE at a Canadian community hospital.