The efficacy of first and second immunotherapy exposure in patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.

Objective: Immunotherapy has led to changes in cervical cancer guidelines. Therefore, additional biomarkers to identify the ideal patient who would experience the most benefit may be important.

Methods: We retrospectively collected 208 patients with R/M CC and recorded clinicopathologic information, peripheral blood markers and treatments to analyze the prognostic factors of clinical outcomes.

Spatially lipidomic characterization of patient-derived organoids by whole-mount autofocusing SMALDI mass spectrometry imaging.

Background: Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are multi-cellular cultures with specific three-dimensional (3D) structures. Tumor organoids (TOs) offer a personalized perspective for assessing treatment response. However, the presence of normal organoid (NO) residuals poses a potential threat to their utility for personalized medicine.

Long-term survival outcomes and immune checkpoint inhibitor retreatment in patients with advanced cervical cancer treated with camrelizumab plus apatinib in the phase II CLAP study.

Background: Camrelizumab plus apatinib have demonstrated robust antitumor activity and safety in patients with advanced cervical cancer (CLAP study; NCT03816553). We herein present the updated long-term results of the CLAP study and explore potential biomarkers for survival. The outcomes of patients who underwent immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) retreatment were also reported.

Integrated analysis reveals FLI1 regulates the tumor immune microenvironment via its cell-type-specific expression and transcriptional regulation of distinct target genes of immune cells in breast cancer.

Background: Immunotherapy is a practical therapeutic approach in breast cancer (BRCA), and the role of FLI1 in immune regulation has gradually been unveiled. However, the specific role of FLI1 in BRCA was conflicted; thus, additional convincing evidence is needed.

Methods: We explored the upstream regulation of FLI1 expression via summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis and ncRNA network construction centering on FLI1 using BRCA genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and DNA methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) from the blood and a series of in silico analyses, respectively.

Efficacy and safety of sintilimab plus albumin-bound-paclitaxel in recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase II trial.

Background: Sintilimab is an antibody against programmed cell death protein 1. We assessed the efficacy and safety of sintilimab plus albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.

Methods: This multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase II study (ClinicalTrials.

Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of apatinib plus etoposide versus apatinib alone for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer: protocol of a multicenter, open-label, randomized phase 2 trial.

Background: Currently preferred single-agent nonplatinum chemotherapy or its combination with bevacizumab results in a low response rate and modest survival benefit for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer, and thus more effective regimens are needed. In our previous phase 2 trial, apatinib plus etoposide showed promising efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer patients. Due to the single-arm design, the role of apatinib still needs to be determined.

The MYBL2-CCL2 axis promotes tumor progression and resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in ovarian cancer by inducing immunosuppressive macrophages.

Background: An immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer facilitates tumor progression and resistance to immunotherapy. The function of MYB Proto-Oncogene Like 2 (MYBL2) in the tumor microenvironment remains largely unexplored.

Methods: A syngeneic intraovarian mouse model, flow cytometry analysis, and immunohistochemistry were used to explore the biological function of MYBL2 in tumor progression and immune escape.

Development and validation of a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the assay of four PARP inhibitors in human plasma and its application in ovarian cancer patients.

PARP inhibitors have demonstrated marked efficacy in ovarian cancer patients with BRCA1/2 loss-of-function mutations. In this study, we established and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based method to simultaneously quantify the four frequently prescripted PARP inhibitors, namely niraparib, olaparib，fluzoparib, and pamiparib, in ovarian cancer. The mobile phase was 50 % methanol with 0.

Anlotinib combined with TQB2450 in patients with platinum-resistant or -refractory ovarian cancer: A multi-center, single-arm, phase 1b trial.

This is a phase Ib study of anlotinib plus a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor TQB2450 for platinum-resistant or -refractory ovarian cancer. Thirty-four patients are enrolled and receive treatment. The objective response rate (ORR) is 47.

Absolute quantification of 2-hydroxyglutarate on tissue by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging for rapid and precise identification of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations in human glioma.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene mutations are important predictive molecular markers to guide surgical strategy in brain cancer therapy. Herein, we presented a method using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) for absolute quantification of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) on tissues to identify IDH mutations and evaluate tumor residue. This analytical method was tested among 34 glioma patients and validated with gold standard clinical technologies.

Genomic profiling of advanced cervical cancer to predict response to programmed death-1 inhibitor combination therapy: a secondary analysis of the CLAP trial.

Background: The Camrelizumab Plus Apatinib in Patients with Advanced Cervical Cancer trial was a single-arm, phase II study that showed promising activity of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor camrelizumab plus the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitor apatinib in patients with advanced cervical cancer. However, the predictive biomarkers for treatment outcomes are unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify potential predictors of treatment response in PD-1 inhibitor combination therapy.

Camrelizumab Plus Apatinib in Patients With Advanced Cervical Cancer (CLAP): A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Trial.

Purpose: Camrelizumab is an antibody against programmed death protein 1. We assessed the activity and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, in patients with advanced cervical cancer.

Methods: This multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase II study enrolled patients with advanced cervical cancer who progressed after at least one line of systemic therapy.

Adipose tissue area as a predictor for the efficacy of apatinib in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer: an exploratory imaging biomarker analysis of the AEROC trial.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapy is effective in patients with ovarian cancer. Whether adipose tissue (AT) could predict the efficacy of VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors in ovarian cancer is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the ability of distinct AT depots to predict the efficacy of apatinib, a VEGFR inhibitor, in recurrent ovarian cancers included in the AEROC trial.

Apatinib combined with oral etoposide in patients with platinum-resistant or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer (AEROC): a phase 2, single-arm, prospective study.

Background: Anti-angiogenic therapy combined with chemotherapy could improve the outcomes of patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Apatinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively inhibits VEGF receptor 2. We assessed the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of apatinib and oral etoposide, considering the potential advantage of home administration without hospital admission, in patients with platinum-resistant or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer.

iASPP induces EMT and cisplatin resistance in human cervical cancer through miR-20a-FBXL5/BTG3 signaling.

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in driving chemoresistance. We previously reported that iASPP is a key EMT inducer and could increase cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer (CC) cells. Herein, we investigate the downstream mechanisms through which iASPP contributes to EMT and cisplatin resistance in CC.

Similarity and diversity of the tumor microenvironment in multiple metastases: critical implications for overall and progression-free survival of high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

The tumor microenvironment is pivotal in influencing cancer progression and metastasis. Different cells co-exist with high spatial diversity within a patient, yet their combinatorial effects are poorly understood. We investigate the similarity of the tumor microenvironment of 192 local metastatic lesions in 61 ovarian cancer patients.

Tumor-induced VEGF-C overexpression in retroperitoneal lymph nodes in VX2 carcinoma-bearing rabbits.

Objective: To establish the retroperitoneal lymph node (RLN) metastasis model of cervical carcinoma in rabbits and evaluate the relationship of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) expression and the lymph node status.

Methods: Forty-eight rabbits were injected with VX2 cells or RPMI solution at muscular mucosae of the myometrium 0.5 cm away from the cervix.

Quantitative histology analysis of the ovarian tumour microenvironment.

Concerted efforts in genomic studies examining RNA transcription and DNA methylation patterns have revealed profound insights in prognostic ovarian cancer subtypes. On the other hand, abundant histology slides have been generated to date, yet their uses remain very limited and largely qualitative. Our goal is to develop automated histology analysis as an alternative subtyping technology for ovarian cancer that is cost-efficient and does not rely on DNA quality.

Should the Optimal Adjuvant Treatment for Patients With Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer With High-Intermediate Risk Factors Depend on Tumor Grade?

Objectives: To explore whether the optimal adjuvant treatments for patients with early-stage endometrial cancer with high-intermediate risk (HIR) factors should depend on tumor grade.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with HIR endometrial cancer from 1999 to 2012 was conducted. The adjuvant treatments and survival were evaluated.

The outcome and efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy alone in patients with stage IIIA endometrial carcinoma with solitary adnexal involvement: a retrospective single-institution study.

Objectives: The appropriate adjuvant therapy for patients with endometrial carcinoma with solitary adnexal involvement is unclear. We conducted a retrospective single-institution study to evaluate the outcome and efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy alone in this population.

Methods: All patients with endometrial carcinoma who received primary surgical treatment between January 1999 and May 2010 were reviewed.

Large animal model for retroperitoneal lymphatic and lung metastasis.

Retroperitoneal lymph node and lung metastasis are important prognostic factors for gynecologic cancer. The present study aimed to develop a new animal model for retroperitoneal lymph node and lung metastasis. VX2 squamous cell carcinoma tumor tissues were injected into the left gastrocnemius muscle of 38 healthy female New Zealand white rabbits.

Adjuvant docetaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy administered alone or with radiotherapy in a "sandwich" protocol in patients with advanced endometrial cancer: a single-institution experience.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy administered alone or with radiotherapy in a "sandwich" protocol in patients with advanced endometrial cancer.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients with staged III - IV disease who received adjuvant chemotherapy (docetaxel plus carboplatin) administered alone or interposed with radiotherapy between January 2004 and August 2010.

Results: Of the 35 study patients, 10 (28.

High density of IL-17-producing cells is associated with improved prognosis for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Interleukin (IL)-17 is the signature cytokine of T helper 17 cells. The role of IL-17 in the tumor microenvironment is still controversial. Few studies describing IL-17 expression in ovarian cancer have been reported.

Expression of M2-polarized macrophages is associated with poor prognosis for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Macrophages are polarized into two functionally distinct forms, M1 and M2, in response to different microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) generally have M2 phenotype and promote tumor progression. Few studies to date have described the infiltration of M2-polarized macrophages in ovarian cancer.

Endometrial stromal sarcoma arising from endometriosis: a clinicopathological study and literature review.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the nature of endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) arising from endometriosis.

Methods: The clinical data of 5 patients with ESS arising from endometriosis were reviewed retrospectively. The expression of CD117, HER2/neu, EGFR, VEGF, and PDGFR was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining.