Outbreeding management offers the promise of genetic rescue for an endangered lizard.

Inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity increase the extinction risk of small isolated populations. Genetic rescue by augmenting gene flow is a powerful means for the restoration of lost genetic variation. In this study, we used multigenerational pedigrees and neutral genetic markers to assess the consequences of outbreeding management in the Chinese and Vietnamese populations of the endangered crocodile lizard, .

Association of triglyceride glucose index combined with obesity indicators with cognitive impairment.

Background: The association of a combination of the TyG index and obesity markers, specifically waist circumference (WC), with cognitive function is unknown. This research investigated the relationship between TyG-WC measurements and cognitive impairment in a low-income population in China; moreover, this study evaluated the role of diabetes mellitus and body mass index (BMI) in modulating this relationship.

Methods: 1125 eligible individuals aged ≥ 60 years participated in this study.

Triglyceride-glucose index prediction of stroke incidence risk in low-income Chinese population: a 10-year prospective cohort study.

Aim: The Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index, an indicator of insulin resistance, has been proposed as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases. However, its role in predicting stroke risk, particularly in low-income populations, is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the TyG index for stroke incidence in a low-income Chinese population, with a focus on gender and age-specific differences.

4-Octyl itaconate inhibits inflammation via the NLRP3 pathway in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

Objective: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are rare inflammatory astrocytic diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). The roles of immune response gene-1 (IRG1) and the IRG1-itaconic acid-NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in the pathogenesis of NMOSD and the effects of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) on the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in NMOSD are unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of IRG1 and the activation status of the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in acute-onset NMOSD and to investigate the inhibitory effects of 4-OI on NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the IRG1-itaconic acid-NLRP3 pathway in monocytes and macrophages by using in vitro models.

Treatment algorithms of relapsing multiple sclerosis: an exploration based on the available disease-modifying therapies in China.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) was defined as a rare disease in China due to its low prevalence. For a long time, interferon β was the only approved disease-modifying therapy (DMT). Since the first oral DMT was approved in 2018, DMT approval accelerated, and seven DMTs were approved within 5 years.

Multiple approaches to reduce reconstitution time of lyophilized drug products with high protein concentration.

Background: Lyophilized drug products with high protein concentration often perform long reconstitution time, which is inconvenient for clinical use. The objective of this work is to achieve short reconstitution time with multiple and combined strategies.

Methods: Here, we describe the following approaches that lead to reduction of reconstitution time, including adding annealing step, decreasing headspace pressure, decreasing protein concentration with reducing diluent volume, increasing high surface-area-to-height ratio of the cakes, increasing frequency of swirling and diluent temperature.

Role of the cGAS-STING pathway in radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer.

One of the most important therapeutic interventions for non-small cell lung cancer is radiotherapy. Ionizing radiation (IR) is classified by traditional radiobiology principles as a direct cytocidal therapeutic agent against cancer, although there is growing recognition of other antitumor immunological responses induced by this modality. The most effective therapeutic combinations to harness radiation-generated antitumor immunity and enhance treatment results for malignancies resistant to existing radiotherapy regimens could be determined by a more sophisticated understanding of the immunological pathways created by radiation.

A multicentre, prospective, double-blind study comparing the accuracy of autoantibody diagnostic assays in myasthenia gravis: the SCREAM study.

Background: Laboratory determination of autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptor (AChR), muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) and other autoantigens have been integrated into the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG). However, evidence supporting the selection of methodologies is lacking.

Methods: In this prospective, multicentre cohort study, we recruited patients with suspected MG to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cell-based assay (CBA), radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in detecting AChR and MuSK autoantibodies.

Clinical use of dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis treatment: an update to include China, using a modified Delphi method.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a widely used oral disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS). Its efficacy and safety profiles are supported by over a decade of experience. Differences exist between Asia and Europe/United States in the prevalence and characteristics of MS; most data for DMF are derived from populations outside Asia.

Multi-objective optimization of hydrogen production system based on the combined supercritical cycle and gas turbine plant.

In this paper, considering the hydrogen production cycle coupled with the supercritical CO cycle, hydrogen is produced as a clean fuel along with power and heat production. Also, the world's need for clean energy doubles the solutions to achieve clean hydrogen energy. The investigated cycle has a supercritical CO cycle with a combustion chamber where enriched fuel is introduced.

Smart nanostructures for targeted oxygen-producing photodynamic therapy of skin photoaging and potential mechanism.

Photodynamic therapy increases collagen and decreases solar fibrosis in photoaged skin; however, the efficacy of photodynamic therapy is limited in tissues with a hypoxic microenvironment. A novel autogenous oxygen-targeted nanoparticle, named MCZT, was synthesized based on the zeolitic imidazole framework material ZIF-8, methyl aminolevulinate, catalase and an anti-TRPV1 monoclonal antibody, and its effects on skin photoaging were investigated. MCZT was successfully synthesized and showed uniform particle size, good dispersion, and excellent biocompatibility and safety.

MiR-101: An Important Regulator of Gene Expression and Tumor Ecosystem.

MiRNAs are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs. MiRNA contributes to the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA in different cell types, including mRNA transcription inhibition and mRNA decay and phenotypes via the effect of several essential oncogenic processes and tumor microenvironment. MiR-101 is a highly conserved miRNA that was found to alter the expression in various human cancers.

Flexible and printable integrated biosensors for monitoring sweat and skin condition.

Wearable and flexible sensors are playing increasing roles in health monitoring (like physiological electrical signals and components of biofluids). Therein, sweat as a carrier of informative biomarkers would attract great attention for health status identification. However, most wearable biosensors have a short lifetime with complex fabrication processes and expensive costs, which would largely limit the application scene to some extent.

Investigation of Parasitic Infection in Crocodile Lizards () Using High-Throughput Sequencing.

The highly endangered crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) continues to be impacted by disease, especially in captive breeding populations. In this paper, based on high-throughput sequencing, we investigated parasitic infections in captive and wild crocodile lizard populations in the Daguishan National Nature Reserve and Guangdong Luokeng Shinisaurus crocodilurus National Nature Reserve. The results show that the overall parasitic infection rate in crocodile lizards was 33.

Determining levels of linguistic deficit by applying cluster analysis to the aphasia quotient of Western Aphasia Battery in post-stroke aphasia.

The aphasia quotient of Western Aphasia Battery (WAB-AQ) has been used as an inclusion criterion and as an outcome measure in clinical, research, or community settings. The WAB-AQ is also commonly used to measure recovery. This study aimed to quantitatively determine levels of the linguistic deficit by using a cluster analysis of the WAB-AQ in post-stroke aphasia (PSA).

Relative Entropy of Distance Distribution Based Similarity Measure of Nodes in Weighted Graph Data.

Many similarity measure algorithms of nodes in weighted graph data have been proposed by employing the degree of nodes in recent years. Despite these algorithms obtaining great results, there may be still some limitations. For instance, the strength of nodes is ignored.

Design of Sports Rehabilitation Training System Based on EEMD Algorithm.

Motor function rehabilitation training is to restore the motor function of hand injury to the maximum extent and meet the needs of patients' daily behavior. At present, motor function evaluation and rehabilitation training work have disadvantages such as relying on the subjective experience of physicians, unable to quantitatively assess the loss of motor function, and single rehabilitation training method. Most of these methods only focus on the independent motion range of a single organ, lack of consideration of the constraint relationship between adjacent fingers, and do not build a visual model for it.

Nuclear factor-kappa B and effector molecules in photoaging.

Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) has important but complex functions in the photoaging of the human skin. This protein complex is activated upon UV irradiation and plays a key role in the signalling pathway of the inflammatory cascade. NF-κB induces the expression of various proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1).